GOST 10025-78

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  ГОСТ 10025-78

GOST 10025−78 Bars tin-phosphor bronze. Specifications (with Amendments No. 1, 2)

GOST 10025−78

Group W55

INTERSTATE STANDARD

BARS OF TIN-PHOSPHOR BRONZE

Specifications

Tin-phosphor bronze rods. Specifications

GST 18 4670

Date of introduction 1980−01−01

INFORMATION DATA

1. APPROVED AND put INTO EFFECT by Decision of the USSR State Committee for standards from 30.08.78 N 2395

2. REPLACE GOST 10025−62

3. REFERENCE NORMATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

The designation of the reference document referenced	Item number
GOST 166−89	4.2
GOST 427−75	4.2
GOST 1497−84	4.5
GOST 1953.1−79 — GOST 1953.12−79	4.8
GOST 3282−74	5.1
GOST 3560−73	5.1
GOST 5017−74	2.1.1
GOST 6507−90	4.2
GOST 7502−98	4.2
GOST 7566−94	5.1
GOST 9012−59	4.6
GOST 9557−87	5.1
GOST 14192−96	5.2.2
GOST 15846−79	5.2.1
GOST 18242−72	4.2
GOST 18321−73	4.2
GOST 24047−80	4.5
GOST 24231−80	4.8
GOST 24597−81	5.1
GOST 25086−87	4.8
GOST 26877−91	4.3, 4.4

4. Limitation of actions taken by Protocol No. 4−93 of the Interstate Council for standardization, Metrology and certification (ICS 4−94)

5. EDITION (April 2002) with Amendments No. 1, 2 approved in June 1984, March 1989 (IUS 10−84, 6−89)

This standard applies to cold rolled and drawn or extruded round bars and rods, of tin-phosphor bronze, used in various industries.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

1. ASSORTMENT

1.1. The dimensions of the drawn and cold rolled bars and limit deviations thereon shall be as specified in table.1.

Table 1

Nominal diameter, mm	Maximum deviation of diameter, mm			The cross-sectional area, mm	Linear density 1 m bars kg
high precision (In)	increased accuracy (P)	normal precision (N)
5,0	-0,05	-0,08	-0,12	19,6	0,17
5,5	23,8	0,21
6,0	28,3	0,25
6,5	-0,06	-0,09	-0,15	33,2	0,29
7,0	38,5	0,34
7,5	44,2	0,39
8,0	50,3	0,44
8,5	56,7	0,50
9,0	63,6	0,56
9,5	70,9	0,62
10,0	78,5	0,69
11,0	-0,07	-0,11	-0,18	95,0	0,84
12,0	113,1	Of 1.00
13,0	132,7	1,17
14,0	153,9	1,35
15,0	176,7	1.55 V
16,0	-	201,1	1,77
17,0	U.S. $ 227.0	Of 2.00
18,0	254,5	Of 2.23
19,0	-0,13	-0,21	283,5	2,49
20,0	314,2	2,76
21,0	346,4	3,05
22,0	380,1	3,34
23,0	Of 415.3	3,65
24,0	452,4	Of 3.98
25,0	490,9	4,32
27,0	572,6	5,04
28,0	615,8	5,42
30,0	706,9	6,22
32,0	-0,16	-0,25	804,2	7,08
35,0	962,1	8,47
36,0	1017,9	Of 8.96
38,0	1134,1	9,98
40,0	1256,6	11,06

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

1.2. The dimensions of the extruded bars and limit deviations thereon shall be as specified in table.2.

Table 2

Nominal diameter, mm	Maximum deviation of diameter, mm	The cross-sectional area, mm	Linear density 1 m bars kg
40,0	1.6 million	1256,6	11,06
42,0	1385,4	To 12.19
45,0	1590,6	14,00
48,0	1809,6	15,92
50,0	1963,5	17,28
55,0	-1,9	2375,8	20 and 91
60,0	2827,4	24,88
65,0	3318,2	29,20
70,0	3848,5	33,87
75,0	4417,9	38,88
80,0	5026,6	Of 44.23
85,0	-2,2	5674,5	49,94
90,0	6361,7	55,98
95,0	7088,2	62,38
100,0	7854,0	69,12
108,0	8987,5	79,09
110,0	9503,3	83,63

Note. When calculating the linear density of the density of bronze is equal to 8.8 g/cm.

1.3. The length of bars made of random length:

from 1 to 4 m — drawn or cold-rolled diameter up to 40 mm incl.;

from 0.5 to 4 m — extruded with a diameter of 80 mm incl.;

from 0.5 to 2 m — extruded with a diameter of over 80 mm.

Note. Allowed to produce drawn or cold-rolled bars with a diameter of 40 mm or less, of shorter length, but no shorter than 0.5 m in an amount of not more than 10% of the batch weight.


The legend rods are placed according to the scheme:

when the following abbreviations:
method of manufacture:	drawn (cold rolled)	— D
extruded	— P
sectional shape:	round	— CU
precision manufacturing:	normal	— N
increased	— P
high	In
condition:	soft	— M
semi-solid	— P
solid	— T
extra hard	— About
length:	random	— ND
in the bays	— BT

Instead of the missing data, put an «X».

Rod, drawn, normal precision manufacturing, rigid, with a diameter of 20 mm, random length, bronze brand Brof 6,5−0,15:

Wire DKRNT 20 ND Brof 6,5−0,15 GOST 10025−78

The same extruded, diameter 80 mm, random length, bronze brand Broth 7−0,2:

Rod PCRH 80 ND BRAF 7−0,2 GOST 10025−78

The same extruded, with a diameter of 50 mm, random length, bronze brand Broth 7−0,2:

Rod PCRH 50 ND BRAF 7−0,2 GOST 10025−78

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Bars manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard for technological regulations approved in the prescribed manner.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

2.1.1. The bars are made of tin-phosphor bronze brands Brof 6,5−0,15 and BRAF 7−0,2 with the chemical composition according to GOST 5017*.
________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation the document is not valid. Standards 5017−2006. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

(Added, Rev. N 1).

2.2. The bars are made tanitimi or cold-rolled and extruded.

Drawn or cold-rolled bars are made of soft, semi hard, hard and extra hard.

2.3. The size of the bars depending on the production method and brand of bronze shall be as specified in table.3.

Table 3

Mark	A method of manufacturing	Bar diameter, mm
Brof 6,5−0,15	Drawn or cold-rolled	From	5	to	20	incl.
Extruded	"	100	"	110	«
Broth 7−0,2	Drawn or cold-rolled	From	16	to	40	incl.
Extruded	»	40	"	95	«

2.4. Surface bars should be free from contamination, hinder inspection must not have cracks, cheshuichatoe, bubbles and foreign inclusions.

On the surface of bars is not allowed defects, putting them at reference sweep for tolerances for dimensions.

On the surface of bars allowed color of a tint, dark and light spots obtained through heat treatment or etching, and also traces the changes from bars in the form of helical lines.

On the surface of the drawn bar allowed traces of the technological lubricant.

2.5. Bars must not have foreign inclusions, delaminations, and voids.

2.6. Bars should be trimmed evenly at the ends and must not have significant burrs.

Cut end Squareness, mm must not exceed the values given in table.4.

Table 4

mm
Diameter of bars					Allowable cut end Squareness, mm
From	5	to	14	incl.	5
»	15	"	50	«	7,5
SV.	50				10

Are allowed in the case of bars with a diameter of 40 mm and less ends to chop off.

2.7. Bars must be straightened. The local curvature of the drawn bar of 1 m length should not exceed the values given in table.5.

Table 5

The condition of the material	Permissible curvature of 1 m of length, mm
Semi-solid	2,0
Solid	3,0
Extra hard	5,0
Extruded	6,0

The overall curvature of bars should not exceed the works permitted by the local curvature of 1 m to the length of the rod in meters.

At customer’s request bars with a diameter of 20−40 mm in a semi-solid state manufacture of high accuracy in curvature with the local curvature of not more than 1.5 mm per 1 m length.

2.8. The roundness of bars allowed within the tolerances for the diameter.

At customer’s request bars are made of high accuracy for ovality with ovality within half the tolerance on the diameter.

2.9. Mechanical properties of bars shall be as specified in table.6.

Table 6

Grade of bronze	A method of manufacturing	Diameter of bars, mm	The condition of the material	Rupture strength , PA (kgf/mm)	Elongation , %	Hardness HB
not less than
Brof 6,5−0,15	Drawn or cold-rolled	5−20	Soft	352, 8 thous·10(36)	40	70
Semi-solid	392·10(40)	18	120
Solid	470,4·10(48)	12	140
Extra hard	548,8·10(56)	6	150
Extruded	100−110	343,0·10(35)	55	70
Broth 7−0,2	Drawn or cold-rolled	16−40	Soft	392·10(40)	40	80
Semi-solid	441·10(45)	15	130
Solid	519,4·10(53)	Ten	150
Extra hard	568,4·10(58)	6	180
Extruded	40−95	362,6·10(37)	55	70

2.6−2.9. (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

3. ACCEPTANCE RULES

3.1. The rods take lots. The party must consist of bars of the same brand of alloy, one method and precision manufacturing, one size and condition of the material to be furnished by a single document about quality that contains:

trademark or the name and trademark of manufacturer;

the symbol bars;

batch number;

the weight of the batch;

the results of mechanical tests (at the request of the consumer).

The weight of the batch should not exceed 3,000 kg.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

3.2. (Deleted, Rev. N 2).

3.3. For testing of mechanical properties and chemical composition from batch take two rods, two beams or the two bays.

When testing the mechanical properties determined tensile strength and elongation or the toughness.

At customer’s request, determine tensile strength, elongation and hardness.

Allowed the manufacturer checks the chemical composition carried out on samples taken from molten metal.

3.4. To control for the presence of internal defects of extruded rods subjected to each bar of the party, drawn bar — two bars, two beam or two bays from the party.

3.3, 3.4. (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

3.5. If unsatisfactory test results on at least one of characteristic values of mechanical properties, dimension, chemical composition it is carried out re-testing at twice the sample taken from the same batch.

The results of repeated tests apply to the entire party. If unsatisfactory test results for the presence of internal defects drawn bar manufacturer conducts a complete inspection.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

4. TEST METHODS

4.1. Inspect the surface of the rods without the use of magnifying devices.

4.2. Control sizes are subjected to 10% of the bars from the party.

Control the appearance of bars is carried out with a given probability of 96%, which is taken from the party bars (beams, Bay) «blind» (by the greatest objectivity) churchyard 18321. The control plans comply with GOST 18242*. Select the number of bars (beams, coils) determined by the table.7.
________________
* In the Russian Federation GOST R 50779.71−99**.

** In the territory of the Russian Federation the document is not valid. Valid GOST R ISO 2859−1-2007. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

Table 7

PCs

The number of bars (beams, coils) in the party	Number of control rods (beams of bays)	Rejection number
2−8	2	1
9−15	3	1
16−25	5	1
Correspond 26−50	8	2
51−90	13	2
91−150	20	3
151−280	32	3
281−500	50	4
501−1200	80	Six
1201−3200	125	8

The party is considered usable if the number of bars (beams of bays), non-conforming, less than the acceptance number given in table.7. If unsatisfactory results, the manufacturer conducts a complete inspection.

Control of the diameters of the drawn bar is produced using a micrometer with graduation 0.01 mm according to GOST 6507, diameters of the extruded rods — a caliper with a scale division of 0.1 mm according to GOST 166. The bar length is measured with a metal ruler according to GOST 427 or roulette churchyard 7502.

4.3. The curvature of the test bars according to GOST 26877.

4.4. Cosine of the cut test according to GOST 26877.

4.2−4.4. (Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

4.5. For the tensile test are taken on two samples from each of rod or Bay samples and one sample from each of the two rods, chosen from the beams. The test is carried out according to GOST 1497. Samples for tensile testing are made with the diameters of 5; 8; 10; 12; 15 mm. For the diameter of the sample take from the specified number of smaller diameter closest to the diameter of the tested rod.

Sampling for tensile tests carried out according to GOST 24047.

4.6. Testing the hardness taken on two samples from each of rod or Bay samples, one sample from each of the two rods, chosen from the beams. The tests are carried out according to GOST 9012.

Drawn or cold-rolled bars with a diameter from 16 to 28 mm feel ball with a diameter of 5 mm under load of 750 kgf with exposure time 30 s.

Drawn bars with a diameter of 28 mm or more are experiencing a ball with a diameter of 10 mm under a load of 3000 kgf with exposure time 30 s.

Extruded bars with a diameter of 40 mm or more are experiencing a ball with a diameter of 10 mm under a load of 1000 kgf at shutter speeds of 30 sec.

4.7. The test bars for internal defects is carried out non-destructive method of control (by the method specified in Appendix 2). Control receive: extruded bars and rods — from the end adjacent to the press residue; drawn — at both ends — two rods (coils) or one rod of each selected beam.

Allowed to check for the presence of internal defects by fracture of the rod. Bars with a diameter of 100−110 mm control on the break is not subjected to. Kink in the delivery of bars not cropped.

For checking metal in the presence of internal defects by breaking the bars must be notched with one or two sides, after which they break, the incision should be made so that the fracture passed through the Central part of the rod.

The width of the fracture must be:

at least 60% of the diameter for bars with diameter up to 16 mm, incl.;

not less than 10 mm, for bars with diameter over 16 mm.

Inspection of produce without the use of optical devices.

4.8. To control chemical composition selected two samples from each of rod or Bay samples and one sample from each of the two rods, chosen from the beams.

Chemical composition is determined by GOST 25086, 1953.1 GOST-GOST 1953.12 or other methods of equal accuracy specified in the standards.

If there is disagreement in assessing the quality of the chemical composition of bars is determined according to GOST 25086, 1953.1 GOST-GOST 1953.12.

Selection and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition is carried out according to GOST 24231.

4.5−4.8. (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

5. PACKING, MARKING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

5.1. Bars with a diameter of 35 mm and less tied into bundles weighing not more than 80 kg each. The beam must consist of three or more bars and should be tied with wires of diameter not less than 1.2 mm in three turns according to GOST 3282 or other material that provides safety bars, according to normative-technical documentation in two or three places so as to prevent mutual displacement of bars in the bundle. The ends of the wire connect with a twist of five turns or more.

On demand of the consumer is allowed to link bars in bundles weighing up to 500 kg Each bundle should be tied with a wire diameter of at least 3 mm two turns of the churchyard 3282 in at least two places so to avoid displacement of bars in the beam.

At customer’s request bars up to a diameter of 15 mm is wound into a coil. Each Bay needs to be tied with wires of diameter not less than 1.2 mm in three turns according to GOST 3282или other material according to normative-technical documentation, but not less than three places evenly around the circumference of the Bay. In the bays the ends of the rods needs to be tucked inside.

For mechanized loading and unloading of the enlarged cargo space to transport packages weighing up to 1250 kg according to GOST 24597. Dimensions of packages — according to GOST 7566.

Packaging bundles and individual rods, not bunched, to produce pallets according to GOST 9557 or without pallets with the use of bars not less than 50 mm with tying wire with diameter at least 3 mm two turns according to GOST 3282 or tape not less than 0,3х30 mm according to GOST 3560.

5.2. To each bundle and the Bay should be attached to the metal or plywood label:

a) name or trademark of the manufacturer;

b) the legend of rods;

C) the batch number.

At the end of bars with diameter more than 35 mm pose: trademark of the manufacturer, the symbol of the brand of alloy and batch number. These data allowed to put permanent paint on the side surface of rods or you can specify on paper labels that are glued to the ends of the rods.

5.1, 5.2. (Changed edition, Rev. N 1, 2).

5.2.1. Bars transporterowych by all kinds of transport in covered vehicles in accordance with cargo carriage regulations applicable to transport of this species.

For goods with length more than 3 m of the vehicle is determined in accordance with cargo carriage regulations applicable to transport of this species.

Packing goods to be sent to the far North and remote areas shall meet the requirements of GOST 15846*.
________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation the document is not valid. Standards 15846−2002. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

5.2.2. Transport marking — according to GOST 14192 with the application of manipulation sign «Protect from moisture» and an additional lot number.

5.2.1, 5.2.2. (Added, Rev. N 1).

5.3. (Deleted, Rev. N 1).

5.4. When storing rods should be protected from mechanical damage, moisture and active chemical substances.

Bars should be stored indoors or under cover protecting them from atmospheric precipitation, in boxes or on shelves, pallets or racks.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

ANNEX 2 (informative). ULTRASONIC TESTING OF PRESS UTAIN

ANNEX 2*
Reference

_________________

* ANNEX 1. (Deleted, Rev. N 1).

1. The purpose and General requirements during the inspection

1.1. This methodology is accepted by ultrasound control in order to detect and determine the end of the press utiny in extruded or drawn bars of non-ferrous metals and alloys with a diameter of 10 mm and above with the help of ultrasonic flaw detection means in the contact mode of entering of ultrasonic vibrations from the cylindrical surface of the rod.

Allowed to use any ultrasonic flaw detector in conjunction with corresponding sensors that provide sufficient sensitivity, the value of which is set by the setting according to the standard model.

When you use device control to scan with the built dual, prismatic or straight combined sensors. The device for scanning provide continuous liquid supply reliable and stable acoustic contact of the piezoelectric transducer sensor with a rod in the dynamics, that is, when the sensor is moving over the surface of the controlled rod.

1.2. The physical basis of the method and using the flaw in this methodology is set out very briefly to the extent necessary for understanding the techniques and methods of controlling the end of the press utiny in extruded or drawn bars.

1.3. To conduct monitoring through ultrasonic flaw allowed a person trained and having the certificate of completion of courses and carefully studied this technique.

1.4. The accumulation of plants on the experience of ultrasonic testing methods can be supplemented and refined. Any additions and corrections are consistent with the State scientific-research and design Institute of alloys and processing of nonferrous metals.

2. Manufacturer of standard samples to adjust the sensitivity and area of automatic control of the flaw detector

2.1. To configure the detector to a predetermined sensitivity produce special standard samples with a diameter of 100, 60, 40 and 25 mm, a length of 200−300 mm of the same alloy that controlled the bars, or alloy with similar acoustic properties.

2.2. The condition of the outer surface of the standard sample should not be worse than controlled products.

2.3. Standard the sample should not have internal defects of a metallurgical origin that could be detected by ultrasonic method when setting up the detector at the highest real sensitivity.

2.4. The standard sample should have a reference reflector in the form of drilled holes with a diameter of 1 mm, length 20 mm, located on the centerline of the rod at a distance of 70 mm from the end. Allowed to apply a control reflectors of other types, allowing to set the instrument on the sensitivity not lower than the setting on the control reflector in the form of drilled holes. Diameter of workpiece for standard sample is selected depending on the diameter of the controlled wire (see table).

mm
Diameter of workpiece for standard sample	The controlled diameter of the rod
One hundred	110−80
60	80−50
40	50−30
25	30−10

2.5. A standard sample is considered valid if it has certificate approved by the chief of the Central laboratory of the manufacturer.

3. Preparation for control

3.1. Before carrying out the control rods must be cleaned from dirt, dust, oil, paint and other contaminants.

3.2. Connect the sensor and alarm signals to detector, and the device for scanning — the tank contact liquid. Governing the tap to adjust the flow of the contact liquid (water) to ensure reliable acoustic contact and minimum flow of the contact liquid.

3.3. The inclusion of the instrument in the network and it is carried out in accordance with technical description and instruction manual of the instrument.

3.4. Before you begin the configuration of the flaw detector to a predetermined sensitivity, the adjustment is carried out oscilloscopes part (brightness, focus, shift vertically and horizontally) so that the scan line was below the center of the screen of the flaw detector is approximately the radius was well focused and at the beginning it was not seen any bright spots.

3.5. When setting up the flaw detector to determine where the end of the press utiny the rod handles on the front panel of the instrument must be installed in the following location:

«Frequency» — position the frequency of the applied sensor;

«The band sounding» in position N.

3.6. Setting the sensitivity of the flaw in the control rods shall be performed using appropriate standard samples.

The movement sensor in the zone of control of the reflector to achieve maximum amplitude of the echo from the reference reflector. Then the knob «Sensitivity» sets the amplitude of the echo from the reference reflector is approximately 0.5 of the height of the screen of the flaw detector.

3.7. Install the forward front of the gate-pulse automatic detector of defects flaw detector near the trailing edge of the probe pulse, the falling edge of the strobe pulse near the leading edge of the bottom echo signal.

3.8. The correct setting of flaw detection equipment according to the standard model should be checked at least once every 2 h control.

4. Control

4.1. Monitoring is carried out in the control plot. Control place must be comfortable and allow free access around the circumference to press utinam the end of the controlled rod.

4.2. Monitoring is carried out starting from the rear end of the pressed or extruded rod. The surface of the rod, through which ultrasonic vibrations are introduced, should be smooth, without sharp hollows, cavities and chipping. The temperature of the controlled rod should be no higher than 40 °C.

4.3. Press Utina bars has an elongated shape and a different orientation of reflecting surfaces relative to the generatrix and are often located close to the center of the rod, so the detection of different surface areas may be different.

4.4. For mechanized scanning over the surface of the test part it is recommended to use a roller, prismatic or other devices with built-in sensors of ultrasonic vibrations.

4.5. Bars with a diameter less than 60 mm control on the frequency of ultrasonic vibrations 5 MHz, and bars and rods with diameter more than 60 mm at a frequency of 2.5 MHz. When determining the end of the press utiny bars of a material having an elastic anisotropy with a coarse-grained structure, it is recommended to use lower frequencies.

4.6. During the inspection, the scanner is mounted on the press utiny the end of the rod and firmly press the transducer to the surface, while on the flaw detector screen should appear backwall echo signal. With the advent of the backwall echo signal move the scanning device around the circumference and along the product.

4.7. The scanning speed of the sensor along the surface of the product is selected from the conditions for obtaining reliable acoustic contact. It should not exceed 0.5 m/s.

4.8. When you move the sensor along and around the product is necessary to keep on the flaw detector screen for the presence of acoustic contact. Stable bottom echo indicates a satisfactory entry of ultrasonic oscillations in the rod. If sensor is working and properly configured equipment, the echo signal disappears, then test the reliability of the acoustic coupling by increasing the supply of contact fluid and wiping with rags the surface of the rod.

4.9. When the control rods on the presence of the press utiny can be judged by the appearance of additional echo to the left of the bottom reflection.

4.10. After the detection of the press utiny sensor is moved along the product to determine the length of the press utiny and where it ends. In the area where there is a complete disappearance of the additional echo signal to the left of bottom reflections, by rotating the device to scan around the unit make sure the end of the press utiny around the entire circumference of the rod.

4.11. By using ultrasound the exact location of the end of the press utiny, is applied to the rod clearly visible label showing the place of cutting.

4.12. In the control of alloys, having proveedores coarse-grained structure, it is necessary to carefully control the rear end of the rod where the structural disturbance below the bottom echo-signal stable. On the background of unstable structural interference notice on the screen of the flaw detector the location of the echo from the press utiny. Moving the scanning device along the rod, continuously observe the echo from the press utiny, which, in contrast to structural interference, stable.