Ytterbium metal ingot
Technical characteristics
Ytterbium is white-grey metal that relates to a rare-earth yttrium subgroup. This is an element of the sixth period of the third group of periodic system, where it is designated as Yb. Atomic number is 70. Ytterbium possesses cubical α-lattice as in copper up to a temperature of 792 °C. At a higher temperature, it assumes β-body-centered lattice similar to α-Fe. Content of ytterbium constitutes 0.33 g/t in earth crust. Granite pegmatites are the richest hydrothermal minerals with ytterbium. The main method of obtaining is recovering of Yb2 О3 oxide with a help of lanthanum or carbon in vacuum or by electrolysis of melting chloride YbCl3.
Physical properties of Yb
| Description | Identification |
| Atomic (molal) weight mole/h | 173.04 |
| Oxidation rate | 3,2 |
| Density [g/cm3] |
6.9654 |
| Melting point | 824°С |
| Melting heat kJ/mole | 3.25 |
| Heat conductivity K [V/m*K] | 34.9 |
| Evaporation heat kJ/mole | 159 |
Application
It is used in nuclear physics, electronics, manufacture of thermoelectric material. Fiver-optics for powerful lasers is manufactured out of Yb2 О3 oxide. Ytterbium ions can generate laser radiation in infra-red range with wave length of bout 1.065 µm. Industrial manufacture of magnetic alloys cannot do without ytterbium. Single-crystalline alloy of YbF3 fluoride and barium fluoride alloyed with holmium is also used for manufacture of lasers. Special enamels and glasses required in nuclear energetics are made out of ytterbium borate.
Electronics uses ytterbium as dielectric for obtaining of MIS structures. It turns into hafnium isomer at neutron radiation in nuclear reactor. It can be also used in the capacity of energy accumulator but these exploitations are developing and are in the theoretical stage. A property to absorb gasses is relevant in manufacture of electronic tubes. Crystal phosphorus is made out of its basis. Special alloys are doped with its help as well. It relates to a group of non-ferrous metals. Available mill-products: wire, rod, sheet.
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