Alloy titanium
Technical characteristics
Although the mechanical strength of titanium at normal temperature is high enough, but with increasing temperature up to 250 °C the strength is lost by almost half. The situation save titanium alloys, in which this disadvantage disappears. Titanium has excellent corrosion resistance. Corrosion resistance is evaluated by the amount of losses with 1 sq. meter of surface.
| Corrosion resistance | weight losses of C1 sq meters | Score |
|---|---|---|
| Exceptionally strong | Less than 0.001 g | 1 |
| Highly persistent | 0,001 — 0,005 | 2 |
| 0.005 — 0.01 g | 3 | |
| Resistant | 0,01 — 0,05 g | 4 |
| 0.05 — 0.1 g | 5 | |
| Satisfactorily resistant | 0.1 — 0.3 g | 6 |
| Malo-persistent | Of 0.3 — 1.0 g | 7 |
| 1 — 5.0 g | 8 | |
| Unstable | More than 5 g. | 9 |
When comparative tests of corrosion resistance in industrial and marine atmospheres it was found that aluminum alloys, stainless steels, copper-Nickel alloys and Inconel for the five-year period of time there are visible signs of corrosion, whereas the titanium plate has not lost its original luster. This corrosion resistance is due to the presence on the metal surface passive oxide film that protects the metal from contact with corrosive agent.
Titanium is especially resistant to corrosion in the presence of oxygen. For example, in the conditions of an air aeration titanium is subject to corrosion in formic acid of any concentration up to 100 °C temperature, whereas without aeration is quickly destroyed by corrosion in a 25% solution of formic acid.
TITANIUM alloys
Titanium alloys are characterized by precision of chemical composition, thoroughness manufacturing, absence of impurities. Titanium alloys are classified into:
| α-alloys | Near-α alloys | α +β alloys | Pseudo-β alloys | β alloys |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VT1 | OT4 | W-6 | ВТ16 | 4201 |
| VT1−0 | OT4−0 | VT3−1 | BC-6 | |
| VT1−00 | OT4−1 | W-14 | ||
| VT5 | OT4−2 | W-16 | ||
| VT5−1 | At-2 | W-22 | ||
| 4200 | At-3 | |||
| The at-4 | ||||
| VT20 |
TITANIUM alloys annealing regimes
| Grade titanium | The annealing temperature of the rolled metal sheets | Annealing temperature rolled | The annealing conditions |
|---|---|---|---|
| VT1−00 | 520 — 540 | 670 — 690 | --- |
| VT1−0 | 520 — 540 | 670 — 690 | --- |
| VT5 | --- | 800 — 850 | --- |
| VT5−1 | 700 — 750 | 800 — 850 | --- |
| OT4−0 | 590 — 610 | 690 — 710 | --- |
| OT4−1 | 640 — 660 | 740 — 760 | --- |
| OT4 | 660 — 680 | 700 — 760 | --- |
| OT4−2 | 700 — 730 | 840 — 860 | --- |
| VT20 | 700 — 800 | 700 — 800 | --- |
| The AT2 | 600 — 650 | 650 — 700 | --- |
| AT3 | 800 — 850 | 800 — 850 | --- |
| AT4 | 850 — 870 | 850 — 870 | --- |
| TC5 | 760 — 780 | 760 — 780 | --- |
| VT6S | 750 — 800 | 750 — 800 | --- |
| VT6 | 750 — 800 | 750 — 800 | --- |
| VT3−1 | --- | 870 — 920 600 — 650 |
Isothermal annealing: heat to 870−920°C, exposure time, cooling up to 600−650°C transfer to another oven, exposure 2 hours, air cooling |
| VT3−1 | --- | 870 — 920 650 — 600 |
Double from x and y, standing at 550 — 600 °C 2−5 hours. For power details — annealing at 650 °C air cooling. |
| VT14 | 740−760 790−810 640−600 | 740−760 790−810 640−660 | Isothermal annealing: heat to 790−810°C, exposure time, cooling with PECO, transfer to another oven to 640−660°C, exposure for ½ hour, air cooling |
| ВТ16 | 730 — 770 | 770 — 790 | Cooling with the furnace at a rate of 2 — 4 °C for 1 minute, 550 °C, air cooling |
| VT22 | 740 — 760 | 680 — 800 | Cooling with the furnace at a rate of 2 — 4 °C for 1 minute, up to 350 °C, air cooling |
| ВТ15 | 790 — 810 | 790 — 810 | --- |
| ТС6 | 790 — 810 | 790 — 810 | --- |
| BT23] | 740 — 750 | 740 — 750 | --- |
Hardening of TITANIUM alifirova, nitriding, carbidization
During heat treatment of titanium on the surface of semi-finished products form the so-called alferovsky layer due to the active interaction of titanium with hot sour native and nitrogen
| Grade | The oxygen content in the layer alteromonas mg/cm2 | Alteromonas depth of layer (mm) |
|---|---|---|
| W-1 | 2,8 | 0,8 |
| -4 | 1,5 | 0,2 |
| VT3−1 | 2,5 | 0,6 |
| W-5 | 4,2 | 2,0 |
| W-6 | 2,2 | 0,6 |
| W-9 cast | 7,3 | 0,8 |
| Grade | Depth of nitriding | Surface hardness is kgf/mm2 |
|---|---|---|
| W-1 | 0,06 — 0,08 | 750 — 850 |
| VT3−1 | 0,04 — 0,05 | 700 — 750 |
| W-5 | 0,08 — 0,1 | 750 — 800 |
| W-8 | 0,12 — 0,14 | 700 — 750 |
| W-14 | 0,14 — 0,16 | 750 — 850 |
Nitriding of titanium alloys
Nitriding increases the heat resistance and particularly abrasion resistance, abrasion resistance. The most common method of nitriding — heated semi-finished products in an atmosphere of pure nitrogen to a temperature of 850 — 950 °C. If the alloy contains aluminium or zirconium, the speed and depth of nitriding increases, the depth of 0.2 mm.
Carbidization (cementate) — is an effective method of hardening titanium alloys. Held in mixture with activated carbon in a vacuum or in an atmosphere of argon-5% carbon monoxide, methane or propane… Treatment in the atmosphere of a gas mixture leads to saturation with hydrogen, which reduces the ductility of titanium. Treatment with charcoal takes 24 — 48 casv, but leads to pain deep carbidization
Sponge TITANIUM
Chemical composition of titanium sponge is obtained by reduction of Ti Cl4 by different methods
| Item | Vacuum separation | Magnesium by leaching salt | Sodium by leaching salt |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 0,015 | 0,015 | 0,1 |
| H | 0,005 | --- | 0,05 |
| Fe | 0,12 | 0,1 | 0,06 |
| C | 0,02 | 0,025 | 0,02 |
| Cl | 0,12 | 0,2 | 0,2 |
| Mg | 0,08 | 0,05 | --- |
| O | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 |
It is characterized by a precision of composition, thoroughness manufacturing and processing, lack of impurities.
Supplier
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To buy, best price
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