Metal titanium
Technical Characteristics
Titanium is a light, silvery metal, element of Group IV of the periodic table of
Physical characteristics
J/(kg-grad) | MPa | Ohm-mm | W/(m-grad) | kg/m3 | t °C | 1/Hrad |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.586 | 8.2 | 1.12 | 8.37 | 4.45 | 20° | 1.6 |
Fabrication
The primary method of production is the reduction of TiCl4 under high temperature conditions with magnesium or sodium. Hot titanium easily absorbs atmospheric gases, so the main purpose of production technology is to minimize the contact of hot melt with N2, O2, H2. The main disadvantage of the technology is energy intensive process and expensive. Titanium alloys are classified by the configuration of the crystal lattice; and by the method of processing, they are divided into deformable and foundry alloys.
Chemical composition of sponge titanium obtained by reduction from Ti Cl4 by various methods
Element | Vacuum separation | Magnesium with salt leaching | Sodium with salt leaching |
---|---|---|---|
N | 0,015 | 0,015 | 0,1 |
H | 0,005 | --- | 0,05 |
Fe | 0,12 | 0,1 | 0,06 |
C | 0,02 | 0,025 | 0,02 |
Cl | 0,12 | 0,2 | 0,2 |
Mg | 0,08 | 0,05 | --- |
O | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 |
Storage
Titanium products are stored under cover or in covered warehouses, where they are reliably protected from various mechanical and other damages.
Application
Titanium serves as a base for producing alloys for aircraft and rocket production. Heat resistance and lightness make it possible to use these alloys in the production of thermal equipment. The most critical parts for shipbuilding - propellers and submarine hulls - are made of titanium alloys. Biological inertness makes it possible to use this metal as a construction material in reconstructive surgery, in pharmaceutical industry and food industry. This metal has become an indispensable material for surgical instruments and durable, lightweight prostheses. Since it retains high strength, ductility at very low temperatures, it is a very sought-after metal in cryogenic engineering. The scope of its use is almost unlimited, from the production of body armor to modern interior design. In spite of its high cost, use of this material is economically justified by durability and strength of products.
Furnizor
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