GOST R 54384-2011
GOST R 54384−2011 (EN 10020:2000) Steel. Definition and classification of chemical composition and grade of quality
GOST R 54384−2011
(EH 10020:2000)
Group В00
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
STEEL
Definition and classification of chemical composition and grade of quality
Steel. Definition and classification by chemical composition and classes of quality
OKS 77.080.20
01.040.77
Date of introduction 2012−03−01
Preface
The objectives and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation established by the Federal law of 27 December 2002 N 184-FZ «On technical regulation», and rules for the application of national standards of the Russian Federation — GOST R 1.0−2004"Standardization in the Russian Federation. The main provisions"
Data on standard
1 PREPARED by Federal state unitary enterprise «Central research Institute of ferrous metallurgy them. I. P. Bardin» (FSUE «tsniichermet im. I. P. Bardina») on the basis of their own authentic translation into the Russian language of the standard referred to in paragraph 4
2 SUBMITTED by the Technical Committee for standardization TC 375 «steel Products from ferrous metals and alloys"
3 APPROVED AND put INTO EFFECT by the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology, dated 22 August 2011 N 237-St
4 this standard is modified in relation to the European regional standard EN 10020:2000* «Definition and classification of grades of steel» (EN 10020:2000 «Definition and classification of grades of steel») by changes in certain phrases and words which are highlighted in italics**; through the inclusion of additional technical requirements, which are indicated by a vertical line located on the margins of the text.
** The designation and number of standards and normative documents in the original paper are in normal font. — Note the manufacturer’s database. — Note the manufacturer’s database.
The name of this standard changed with respect to names specified European regional standard for compliance with GOST R 1.5−2004 (subsection 3.5).
These technical deviations aimed at considering the peculiarities of the national classification of steels. Explanation of any technical deviations are given in Appendix YES
5 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
Information about the changes to this standard is published in the annually issued reference index «National standards», and the text changes and amendments — in monthly indexes published information «National standards». In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard a notification will be published in a monthly information index «National standards». Relevant information, notification and lyrics are also posted in the information system of General use — on the official website of the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology on the Internet
1 Scope
This standard specifies the definition of the term «steel» (section 2) and divides are:
— the chemical composition — non-alloy, stainless and other alloy steels (section 3);
— fundamental properties and applications of unalloyed, stainless and other alloy steels — quality classes (section 4).
2 Terms and definitions
This standard applies the following term with the appropriate definition:
2.1 steel: the Material (the alloy of iron with carbon), in which the mass fraction of iron more than mass fraction of any other element, and the mass fraction of carbon is less than 2%, and composed of other chemical elements.
A small number of chromium steels mass fraction of carbon can exceed 2%. Typically, the mass fraction of carbon, equal to 2%, is the boundary between steel and cast iron.
3 Classification of steel chemical composition
3.1 is Equivalent to the mass fraction of alloying elements
Classification of steel is established by standards or other technical documents for the supply of products regardless of what steel actually produced, provided that its chemical composition satisfies the requirements of the standard.
3.1.1 Classification of steel based on specific prescribed standards or technical documents of the chemical analysis of ladle sample (marker analysis) and is set based on the lower limit of the mass fraction of each chemical element.
3.1.2 When a particular chemical element within the composition of steel except manganese, standard or other technical documents for the analysis of ladle sample (identification analysis) set only the upper limit of the mass fraction, classification of steels according to tables 1 and 2 must be performed taking into account only 70% of the upper limit. In respect of manganese should refer to footnote a) to table 1.
3.1.3 When in the standard or other technical document information on the chemical composition of the steel based on the results of the analysis of finished products, chemical composition of steel by ladle sample analysis (marker analysis) should be calculated on the basis of marginal deviations established specific standards or other technical documents for products.
| In the case when in the standard or other technical documents on products data on the chemical composition are based on the results of the analysis of finished products, and the maximum deviations between the analysis of the ladle sample (colour analysis) and the finished product are not available, classification is based on the analysis of the finished product. |
3.1.4 in the absence of a standard or other technical documents for the products and if the exact chemical composition of the steel is not specified, classification is based on the actual analysis of the ladle sample (identification analysis), declared by the manufacturer.
3.1.5 Mass fraction of chemical elements in the analysis of the finished product may vary from that specified for the ladle analysis the sample (identification analysis) on the value of the maximum deviations set out in the relevant standard or other technical documents. Maximum deviations from the given mass percent composition on the separation of steel-alloy and alloy is not affected.
If the results of the control tests of finished steel products should be attributed to another class, unlike the one provided, originally assigned to the class must be separately and reliably confirmed.
3.1.6 multi-Layered products with the coating are classified in accordance with the chemical composition of products, which coatings have been applied or which planiruyut.
3.1.7 For each alloying element given, the estimated or actual mass fraction for the analysis of ladle sample (marker analysis) must be expressed with the same number of decimal places specified in table 1. For example, a given range of mass fraction of 0,3%-0,5% corresponds to the range 0,30%-0,50%. The specified mass fraction of 2% should be assessed as of 2.00%.
3.2 Definition of classes according to the chemical composition
3.2.1 non-Alloy steel
To unalloyed steels are steel, which is determined in accordance with 3.1 mass fraction of any chemical element less than specified in table 1.
Table 1 — Limit values of the mass fraction for distinguishing between doped and non-alloy steel by ladle sample analysis (marker analysis)
| Chemical element |
The limiting value of the mass fraction, % | |
| Marking | Name | |
| AI | Aluminium |
0,30 |
| In | Bor |
0,0008 |
| Bi | Bismuth |
0,10 |
| With | Cobalt |
0,30 |
| Cr | Chrome |
0,30 |
| Si | Copper |
0,40 |
| La | The lanthanides (each) |
0,10 |
| Mn | Manganese |
1,65 |
| Mo | Molybdenum |
0,08 |
| Nb | Niobium |
0,06 |
| Ni | Nickel |
0,30 |
| Pb | Lead |
0,40 |
| Se | Selenium |
0,10 |
| Si | Silicon |
0,50 |
| Those | Tellurium |
0,10 |
| Ti | Titan |
0,05 |
| V | Vanadium |
0,10 |
| W | Tungsten |
0,30 |
| Zr | Cubic Zirconia |
0,05 |
| Other elements except carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, and nitrogen (each) |
0,10 | |
| ||
3.2.2 Stainless steel
Stainless steel is steel with a minimum mass fraction of chromium of 10.5% and a maximum mass fraction of carbon of 1.2%.
| Note — a limited number of doped stainless steels is allowed minimum mass fraction of chromium of 7.5%. |
3.2.3 Other alloy steels
Other alloy steels — a steel that, by definition, are not stainless, but differ in that they have a mass fraction of at least one chemical element from the specified in table 1, taking into account 3.1, complies with the limit values.
| And also the fact that to obtain the special properties of steel in her deliberately introduce one or more chemical elements shown in table 1, including sulfur, phosphorus, nitrogen. With the introduction of two alloying elements (except manganese) the total value of the runs of the normalized mass fraction of alloying elements should not be less than 0.40 percent, with the introduction of three or more alloying elements, the total value of the runs — not regulated. |
4 Classification of steels according to main quality classes
4.1 non-Alloy steel
4.1.1 non-Alloy quality steel
4.1.1.1 General provisions
Non-alloy quality steel is the steel that must comply with the General set for their requirements, for example on viscosity, grain size and/or pressure treatment.
4.1.1.2 Definition
Non-alloy quality steel — it is steel, which by definition is in accordance with
Non-alloy electrical steel is classified as non-alloy quality steel with specified upper limit, magnetic losses or lower rate of magnetic induction, polarization or permittivity.
4.1.2 non-Alloy special steels
4.1.2.1 General provisions
Non-alloy special steels, in contrast to non-alloy quality steels are normalized purity for contamination of non-metallic inclusions. In most cases, they are designed to improve the heat treatment (quenching with vacation) or surface hardening and are characterized by the fact that you take this treatment evenly. The properties of these steels after improvements increased demands are achieved through precise compliance with specified chemical composition and especially technology of production and control. To such properties, given usually in combination with the tapering limits are high or severely limited range of indices of fluidity and hardenability, in many cases, necessary for cold pressure treatment, the improvement of weldability or toughness.
4.1.2.2 Definition
Non-alloy special steels is a steel corresponding to one or more of the following requirements:
— normalized the minimum impact (toughness) for the production of improved test results on impact bending;
— guaranteed hardenability or normalized depth of the surface hardened layers product in the hardened or improved condition or after surface hardening;
— standardized content of nonmetallic inclusions.
Note — This class includes quality steel, which limits the content of non-metallic inclusions on the basis of standards or other technical documents for the products established by agreement when ordering. However, the requirements on the relative narrowing of the samples in the transverse direction does not determine the change in the class;
— normalized upper limit of the mass fraction of phosphorus and sulfur:
1) analysis of the ladle sample (marker analysis) 0,020% each;
2) on the control analysis of the products of 0.025% of each (for example, high strength wire rod for springs, electrodes, wire and cord for automobile tires);
normalized the importance of the work strike KV (impact toughness KCV) at the test temperature minus 50 °C > 27 j (34 j/cm) the results of tests for impact strength Charpy specimens with V-shaped cut oriented in the longitudinal direction, or more than 16 j (20 j/cm
) if the transverse orientation of the samples.
Note — If the test temperature minus 50 °C the indicator of impact (toughness) is not normalized, you must follow the rules for the test temperature from minus 50 °to minus 60 °C;
— restriction of the mass fraction of chemical elements in steels intended for nuclear reactor designs: copper 0,10% cobalt
and 0.05% vanadium
0,05%;
— guaranteed electrical conductivity 9 Cm·m/mm
;
— dispersion-hardened steel with a normalized lower limit of the mass fraction of carbon in the ladle sample analysis (marker analysis) 0,25% or more, with a microstructure consisting of ferrite/perlite, at a mass proportion of one or more alloying elements such as niobium or vanadium, a lower limit for alloy steels. Dispersion hardening of these steels, as a rule, is provided by the controlled cooling, starting from a temperature of hot deformation;
reinforcing steel for reinforcement of concrete structures.
4.2 Stainless steel
Doped stainless steels are steels that are determined by chemical composition in accordance with
a) at the weight ratio of Nickel:
1) less than 2.5%;
2) 2.5% and more;
b) by the properties:
1) corrosion-resistant;
2) heat-resistant;
3) heat resistant.
4.3 Other alloy steels
4.3.1 Alloy quality steel
4.3.1.1 General provisions
| The doped high-quality steels are steel, to production of which impose complex requirements on the mechanical properties and structure, resistance to brittle and ductile fracture, technological properties (weldability, hardenability, pressure treatment). Alloy quality steel designed for thermal or thermomechanical treatment and chemical-heat treatment. |
Alloyed high-quality steel is not usually intended for the improvement (quenching and tempering) and surface hardening.
4.3.1.2 Definition
Features alloy quality steels are given
4.3.1.2.1 Weldable alloyed fine-grained structural steel for vessels working under pressure, and for the manufacture of pipes, which do not correspond to the definitions given
— normalized yield strength of 380 N/mm
when the thickness of the product
16 mm;
— mass fraction of alloying elements (according to the definitions given in 3.1) is indicated below in table 2 limit values;
normalized the importance of the work strike KV (impact toughness KCV) at the test temperature minus 50 °C 27 j (34 j/cm
) the results of tests for impact strength Charpy specimens with V-shaped cut oriented in the longitudinal direction, or
16 j (20 j/cm
) if the transverse orientation of the samples.
Note — If the test temperature minus 50 °C the indicator of impact (toughness) is not normalized, you must follow the rules for the test temperature from minus 50 °to minus 60 °C.
Table 2 — Weldable alloyed fine-grained steel. Limit values mass fraction for unit steel for high quality and special
| Chemical element |
The limiting value of the mass fraction, % | |
| Marking |
Name | |
| SG |
Chrome | 0,50 |
| Si |
Copper | 0,50 |
| MP |
Manganese | 1,80 |
| Mo |
Molybdenum | 0,10 |
| Nb |
Niobium | 0,08 |
| Ni |
Nickel | 0,50 |
| Ti |
Titan | 0,12 |
| V |
Vanadium | 0,12 |
| Zr |
Cubic Zirconia | 0,12 |
4.3.1.2.2 Alloy steels for the manufacture of rails, sheet racks and mine mounts.
4.3.1.2.3 Alloy steels for the manufacture of hot rolled and cold rolled sheet products intended for cold bulk stamping (except steels for the manufacture of pipes and vessels working under pressure), melted with additives for grain refinement elements such as boron, niobium, titanium, vanadium and/or zirconium, or a two-phase steel. Dual phase steels are mainly ferritic microstructure with 10% -35% of martensite in the form of uniformly distributed small individual plates.
4.3.1.2.4 Alloy steels in which copper is the only alloying element.
4.3.1.2.5 Alloy electrical steel is the steel that mainly contain silicon or silicon and aluminum as alloying elements supplied with a predetermined maximum limit magnetic losses or minimum limit of the indicators of magnetic induction, polarization or permittivity.
4.3.2 Alloy special steels
4.3.2.1 General provisions
This class includes quality steel, which thanks to an accurate compliance with the requirements for chemical composition and special production technology and conditions control tests have improved properties, often specified in combination with the indicators in uncoordinating limits.
4.3.2.2 Definition
All other alloy steels that are not classified according to the definitions given in 4.3.1 for alloyed quality steels are doped to special steels.
Doped to the special structural steels are alloy steels for mechanical and steel for vessels working under pressure, bearing steel, tool steel, high speed steel and steel with special physical properties, such as ferritic Nickel steel with an adjustable expansion coefficient of steel or with a distinct electrical resistance.
App. Explanation additional technical requirements to the peculiarities of the national classification of steel
App YES
(reference)
Additional technical requirements identified in the standard vertical line located on the margins of the text, take into account the peculiarities of national classifications of steel, namely:
YES.1 classification of steel according to the analysis of finished products and not feeding the sample (identification analysis), if the maximum deviation between them in normative documents are not allowed.
YES.2 the validity of the minimum mass fraction of chromium of 7.5% for a limited number of alloyed stainless steels used in the domestic industries.
YES.3 the Classification of domestic low-alloy steel that has no analogues in the international classification of steel, alloy class, if it is to achieve special properties deliberately introduced one or more chemical elements.
YES.4 a More precise statement of the General provisions for the definition of alloy steels by transferring the complex requirements made of it products, as well as its intended use — for thermal, thermomechanical or thermochemical treatment.
