GOST 5272-68

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ГОСТ 5272-68

GOST 5272−68 Corrosion of metals. Terms (with Amendments No. 1, 2)

GOST 5272−68*
Group B00

INTERSTATE STANDARD

CORROSION OF METALS

Terms

Corrosion of metals. Terms

Date of introduction 1969−01−01

APPROVED by the Committee of standards, measures and measuring devices under Council of Ministers of the USSR on 28 June 1968

Date of introduction set 01.01.69

REPLACE GOST 5272−50

* REPRINTED with Amendments No. 1, 2 approved in April 1971, in may 1982 (ICS 5−71, 8−82).

This standard sets used in science, engineering and manufacturing of terms and definitions of basic concepts in the field of corrosion of metals.

The terms set out in this standard are mandatory for use in all types of documentation, manuals, tutorials, technical and reference literature.

For each concept has a single standardized term ГОСТ 5272-68 Коррозия металлов. Термины (с Изменениями N 1, 2) . The use of terms — synonyms of the normalized term is prohibited. Unacceptable for use synonymous terms given in the standard as a reference and is marked with the note «NDP».

________________

ГОСТ 5272-68 Коррозия металлов. Термины (с Изменениями N 1, 2) Key terms in bold, their short forms — light, unacceptable in italics.

For certain of the standardized terms in the standard is shown as reference their short forms that may be used in cases precluding the possibility of their different interpretation.

In cases where the essential features of the concept are contained in the literal meaning of the term, a definition is not given and, accordingly, in the column «Definition» put a dash.

The term

Definition

Application

Common terms
1. Corrosion of metals	The failure of metals due to chemical or electrochemical interaction with corrosive environment	1. For the corrosion process to apply the term «corrosion process», and for the result of the process — «corrosion failure».
2. Under the metal you should understand the object of corrosion, which may be a metal or metal alloy
2. Corrosive environment	The environment in which the corrosion of metal
2A. Liquid corrosive environment	-
2B. Gaseous corrosive environment	-
2B. Oxidizing gas environment	Atmosphere, causes the oxidation of the metal
2G. Inert gas environment	Gaseous medium that does not interact with the metal
3. Corrosive metal	Metal exposed to corrosion
4. Corrosion loss	The amount of metal turned into corrosion products over time
5. Corrosion products	Chemical compounds formed by the interaction of metal and corrosive environment	In electrochemical corrosion formation of corrosion products is the result of anodic and cathodic reactions of corrosion process
6. The corrosion rate	Corrosion loss per unit surface per unit time	Applicable for terms 1, 30−34
7. The penetration rate of corrosion	The depth of corrosion destruction of metal per unit of time
8. Corrosion resistance	The ability of metal to resist the corrosive effects of the environment	Corrosion resistance is determined qualitatively and quantitatively (rate of corrosion in these conditions, group, or point of resistance on the adopted scale). Corrosion resistance can be evaluated:
a) the weight change of the metal due to corrosion per unit surface and unit time;
b) the volume of the evolved hydrogen (or oxygen) in the process of corrosion per unit surface and unit time;
C) a decrease in the thickness of the metal due to corrosion is expressed in linear units per unit time;
g) change in any index of the mechanical properties over time of the corrosion process, expressed in percent, or time to failure of a sample of given size;
d) a change in the reflectivity of the metal surface for a certain time of corrosion process, expressed in%;
e) current density, the speed of the corrosion process;
g) the time of appearance of the first corrosion pit on the specified sample size or number of foci of corrosion on the sample after a specified time
9. Corrosion resistant metal	Metal, with high corrosion resistance
10. Internal corrosion factors	Factors affecting the rate, type and distribution of corrosion due to the nature of the metal (composition, structure, internal stresses, surface condition)
11. External corrosion factors	Factors affecting the rate, type and distribution of corrosion related to the composition of the corrosive environment and corrosion conditions (temperature, pressure, speed of movement of the metal relative to the environment, etc.)
12. Corrosion hearth	The portion of the surface of the metal, which focuses the corrosion process
13. Critical humidity	The value of relative humidity, above which there is a rapid increase in the speed of atmospheric corrosion of metals

Types of corrosion

Types of corrosion
14. Electrochemical corrosion	The interaction of the metal with the corrosive environment (electrolyte solution) in which ionization of the metal atoms and the restoration of the oxidative components of the corrosive environment occur not in a single act and their speed depend on the electrode potential
15. Chemical corrosion	The interaction of the metal with the corrosive environment in which the oxidation of the metal and restoring the oxidative components of the corrosive environment occur in a single act

Types of corrosion

Types of corrosion
16. Gas corrosion	Chemical corrosion of metals in gases at high temperatures	Corrosion occurring in any wet gas refers to atmospheric corrosion
17. Atmospheric corrosion	Corrosion of metal in air
18. Corrosion in case of incomplete immersion	Corrosion of metal partially immersed in liquid corrosive environment
19. Corrosion at the waterline	Metal corrosion near the waterline in case of incomplete immersed in liquid corrosive environment
20. Corrosion under total immersion	Corrosion of metal is completely immersed in liquid corrosive environment
21. Underwater corrosion	Corrosion of metal completely submerged in water
22. Corrosion in the alternating immersion	Corrosion of metal under alternating immersed wholly or partially in the liquid corrosive environment
23. Underground corrosion	Corrosion of metal in soil
24. Corrosion	Metal corrosion under the influence of microorganisms
25. Corrosion of the external current	Electrochemical corrosion of metal by the action of a current from an external source
26. Corrosion stray current	Electrochemical corrosion of metals under the influence of stray currents.
27. Contact corrosion	Electrochemical corrosion caused by contact of metals with different fixed potentials in a given electrolyte
28. Corrosion in friction	The destruction of metal caused by the simultaneous action of corrosive environment and friction
29. Fretting	Corrosion vibration movement of two surfaces relative to each other in terms of the corrosive environment
30. Solid corrosion	Corrosion covering the entire surface of the metal
31. Uniform corrosion	Solid corrosion, occurring with the same speed across the surface of the metal
32. Uneven corrosion	Solid corrosion occurring with different speed on different surface areas of the metal
33. Local corrosion	Corrosion covering separate areas of the metal surface
34. Subsurface corrosion	Local corrosion starting from the surface, but mainly spread under the surface of the metal so that the destruction and the corrosion products are concentrated in certain areas within the metal	Usually the beginning of corrosion damage are not detected by macroscopic examination of the surface, but is always found on microscopic examination
Subsurface corrosion often causes swelling of the metal and its stratification
35. Pitting	Local corrosion of metal in the form of single point defeats
Pitting
36. Corrosion spots	Local corrosion in the form of separate spots
37. Through corrosion	Local corrosion, caused by the destruction of metal through
38. Lamellar corrosion	Corrosion that spreads mainly in the direction of plastic deformation of metal
39. Filiform corrosion	Corrosion propagation in the form of threads, mainly under nonmetallic protective coatings
40. Structural corrosion	Corrosion associated with the structural heterogeneity of metal
41. Intergranular corrosion	Corrosion propagating along the boundaries of crystals (grains) of metal
NDP.Intercrystalline corrosion
42. Selective corrosion	Corrosion destroys one structural component or one component of the alloy
NDP. Selective corrosion
43. Graphitization of cast iron	Preferential corrosion of gray cast iron, occurring due to the dissolution of ferrite and pearlite constituents with the formation of a relatively soft mass of graphite skeleton without changing the shape
44. Obeschanie	Selective dissolution of brass, leading to depletion of zinc alloy and formed on the surface of spongy copper sludge
45. Crevice corrosion	Reinforcement corrosion in crevices and gaps between the two metals, and in places the loose contact of metal with non-metallic corrosion-inert material
NDP. Slit effect
46. Knife-edge corrosion	A localized form of corrosion of the metal in the zone of fusion welded joints in highly corrosive environments
47. Corrosive ulcer	Local corrosion failure of having a separate shell
48. Stress corrosion cracking	Corrosion of metal under simultaneous action of corrosive environment and external or internal mechanical stresses of stretching with the formation of a transcrystalline or intercrystalline cracks
49. Stress corrosion cracking	Corrosion of metal under simultaneous action of corrosive environment and constant or variable mechanical stress
50. Corrosion fatigue	The lowering of the fatigue limit of the metal that occurs when the simultaneous action of cyclic tensile stresses and corrosive environment
51. The limit of corrosion fatigue	The maximum stress, which occurs the destruction of the metal after simultaneous exposure of a specified number of cycles of variable load and corrosion conditions specified
52. Corrosion fragility	The fragility acquired by the metal due to corrosion	Under the fragility should be understood the property of a material to break without noticeable absorption of mechanical energy in the form of irreversible

Chemical corrosion

Chemical corrosion
53. Heat resistance	The ability of metal to resist the corrosive effect of gases at high temperatures
54. Scale	The product gas corrosion
55. Obesplozhennym layer	The surface layer of steel or cast iron, have lost part (or all) of the carbon due to interaction with corrosive environment

Electrochemical corrosion

Electrochemical corrosion
56. Corrosive element	Galvanic cell during the interaction between metal and environment influence the rate and nature of corrosion
57. Corrosion block	Corrosive element, electrodes which have sizes that are well distinguishable to the naked eye
58. Corrosion microcell	Corrosive element, electrodes which can be detected only with the aid of a microscope (structural components of the alloy, inclusion of impurities, etc.)
59. Corrosion submicrosecond	Corrosive element, electrodes which have a size beyond the resolution of optical microscope
60. Multielectrode element	Corrosive element having more than two electrodes
61. A concentration element	Corrosive element with electrodes of the same metal, generated by varying the concentration of the reactants at the surface of the metal
62. The aeration element	Corrosive element with electrodes of the same metal that occurs due to the greater flow of oxygen to one part of the surface of the metal
63. Polarization	The change in potential of the electrode due to current flow
64. The controlling process	The process kinetics which determines the rate of corrosion
65. Polarization control	The speed limit galvanic corrosion from polarization phenomena at the electrodes
66. The anode control	The speed limit galvanic corrosion anodic reaction
67. Cathodic control	The speed limit galvanic corrosion, the cathode reaction
68. Flow control	The speed limit galvanic corrosion ohmic resistance
69. Diffusion control	The speed limit corrosion by diffusion of the source or destination of the products of electrode reactions
70. Corrosion polarization diagram	Chart is based on the true speeds of the paired anodic and cathodic reactions of the corrosion process the potential
71. Corrosion current	The speed of electrochemical corrosion, expressed as the amount of electric current
NDP. Current self-dissolution
72. The maximum corrosion current	The maximum possible value of corrosion current corresponding to the intersection point of the anodic and cathodic polarization curves on the chart
73. Potential corrosion	The potential of the metal resulting conjugate flow of the anode and cathode process without external polarisation
74. Polarization curve	The curve of dependence of speed of electrode (anode or cathode) process from potential
75. An ideal polarization curve	The curve of true speed of the electrode process (given the speed of self-dissolution) from the potential
76. The real polarization curve	The curve of the measured speed of the electrode process and potential
77. Depolarization	Reduction of the electrode polarization
78. Hydrogen depolarization	Cathodic reduction reaction of hydrogen ions
79. Oxidative depolarization	Cathodic reduction reaction of oxidized particles of the medium
80. Oxygen depolarization	The cathode reduction reaction (ionization) of oxygen
81. Differential effect	Change speed of self-dissolution of the metal at the external polarization
NDP. Differents effect
82. The positive differential effect	Reducing the speed of self-dissolution of the metal at the external polarization
83. Negative differential effect	Increase the speed of self-dissolution of the metal at the external polarization
84. Passivation	A sharp decrease in the corrosion rate due to inhibition of anodic reaction of metal ionization with the formation of the surface phase or adsorption layers
85. Passive state	A state of relative high resistance to corrosion caused by the inhibition of anodic reaction of metal ionization in a certain region of the potential
Passivity
86. The conditions of passivation	The sum of all the conditions necessary for the onset of the passive state of the metal
87. The stability of the passive state	The ability of a metal to maintain a passive state when external conditions change
88. Anodic passivity	Passivity caused by anodic polarization of the metal
89. The potential beginning of passivation	The potential corresponding to the transition of metal from active anodic dissolution in the region of the active-passive state
90. The current density of passivation	The current density of anodic dissolution of metal at the potential beginning of passivation
91. The potential for complete passivation	The potential corresponding to the transition metal in the passive state
92. The current density of fully passivated	The current density anodic dissolution of the metal at a potential of complete passivation
93. Pestiviruses substance	Substance that facilitates the transition metal in the passive state in the conditions of passivation
Passivating
94. Activation	Transition metal from the passive state to the active
NDP. Depassivated
95. The activating substance	Substance (reagent) to facilitate the transition of the metal from the passive state to the active or prevent the onset of passivity
Activator
96. Prepassivate	Sharp increase in the rate of anodic dissolution of the metal (displacement of the potential in the positive direction) due to the violation of the passive state	In violation of the passive state and increase the rate of dissolution of the metal on certain portions of the surface observed breakdown of the passive film
97. Potential activation	The potential corresponding to the transition metal from passive to active state when shifting of potential to more negative values	In most cases, correspond to the potential of passivation
97A. Potential rittenhousetown	The potential corresponding to the occurrence of pitting corrosion in the result of local violations of the passivity of the metal
98. The potential of perepisyvatsya	The potential corresponding to the transition metal from the passive state into a state of perepisyvatsya
99. Rust	The corrosion products of iron and its alloys produced by electrochemical corrosion, and consisting mainly of oxides

Corrosion protection

Corrosion protection
100. Corrosion inhibitor	A substance that when introduced into a corrosive environment (in small amounts) significantly reduces the corrosion rate of metal
101. Inhibitor of acid corrosion	Inhibitor that reduces the corrosion rate of metals in acidic medium
102. Inhibitor alkali corrosion	Inhibitor that reduces the corrosion rate of metals in an alkaline environment
103. Inhibitor of corrosion in neutral mediums	Inhibitor that reduces the corrosion rate of metals in neutral environments
104. Inhibitor of atmospheric corrosion	Inhibitor that reduces the corrosion rate of metals under atmospheric conditions
105. Contact inhibitor	Inhibitor, whose action is manifested in the artificial applying it to the surface of the metal
106. Volatile inhibitor	Inhibitor, is able under normal conditions to vaporize and spontaneously accessed from the gas phase to the metal surface
107. Universal inhibitor	The corrosion inhibitors suitable for protection of ferrous and non-ferrous metals
108. Anodic inhibitor	Inhibitor, protective action is due to the inhibition of anodic reaction of corrosion process
109. Cathodic inhibitor	Inhibitor, protective action is due to inhibition of the cathodic reaction of corrosion process
110. Anodic-cathodic inhibitor	Inhibitor, protective action is due to the inhibition of anodic and cathodic reactions of corrosion process
111. Stimulator of corrosion	A substance that when introduced into the corrosive environment increases the corrosion rate
112. Corrosion protection	Process and tools used to reduce or stop the corrosion of the metal
112A. Inhibition	Anticorrosive protection is carried out by the introduction of inhibitors
113. Degree of protection	Evaluation of the effectiveness of the chosen method of protection from corrosion
114. Protective film	Film formed on the metal in vivo and its interaction with the corrosive environment or generated artificially by chemical or electrochemical treatment and impede the flow of the process of corrosion
115. Adsorption layer	Layer arising in the metal due to the adsorption of atoms or molecules from the environment and impede the flow of the process of corrosion
116. The oxide film	Film consisting mainly of metallic oxides
117. Coating	According to GOST 9.008−82
117a, 117б (Deleted, Rev. N 2).
118. Electrochemical protection	Protection of metal from corrosion, carry polarization from the outer current source or by connecting with metal (protector), which has more negative or more positive potential than the protected metal	Depending on the polarization direction of distinguish cathodic and anodic protection
118a. Protective potential	The potential of the metal, which gives a degree of protection	The protective potential may be anodic or cathodic polarization from an external source or by connecting to a protector
119. Protector	The metal used for cathodic protection and having more negative or more positive potential than the protected metal
120. Cathodic protection	Electrochemical protection of metal is carried out by cathodic polarization from an external current source or by connecting with metal having more negative potential than the protected metal
121. Anode protector	The metal having more negative potential than the protected metal
122. Anodic protection	Electrochemical protection of metal capable of passepartouts anodic polarization carried out from the external current source or by connecting with metal having a more positive potential than the protected metal
123. Cathodic protection	The metal having the more positive potential than the protected metal
124−125A	(Deleted, Rev. N 2).
126. Non-insulated	Non-metallic coating, mechanically isolates the metal from the corrosive environment
126A. Polymer protective coating	-
127. The ground	Adjacent to the metal coating layer providing adhesion to the metal and improves the protective properties of the coating
128. The outer layer of the coating	Layer of the multilayer coating in contact with corrosive environment
129−142b (Deleted, Rev. N 2).
143. Ingibirovany paper	Paper containing the inhibitor used to protect metal from atmospheric corrosion
144. Protective grease	Non-drying layer consisting of a mixture of oils with different additives applied to metal and intended for temporary protection of metal from corrosion
145. Protective atmosphere	The atmosphere is artificially created to protect the metal from corrosion gas
146. Deaeration	Removal from the corrosive environment of the oxygen in the air
146a. (Deleted, Rev. N 2).

Types of tests

Types of tests
146б. Corrosion tests	Test for determining corrosion resistance of metal and (or) protective coatings
147. Laboratory tests	Corrosion tests of metal, conducted in artificial conditions
148. Test in natural conditions	Corrosion tests of metal, conducted in the atmosphere, in sea, in soil, etc.
Field trials
149. Performance testing	Corrosion testing machines, devices, structures, etc. in a production environment
150. Accelerated testing	Corrosion tests carried out in conditions close to operational, but it gives results in a shorter period of time
151. The pH value corrosion	The amount of precipitated corrosion process of hydrogen per unit surface and unit time
152. Oxygen the rate of corrosion	The amount absorbed in the corrosion process of oxygen per unit surface and unit time
153. The scale of corrosion resistance	A new scale for the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of corrosion resistance of metals under certain conditions	In assessing corrosion, you should use ten-point scale of corrosion resistance of metals (see GOST 9.908)
154. Corrosion points	The unit of scale of corrosion resistance
154a. Visual assessment of corrosion resistance	Evaluation of corrosion resistance carried out by the external inspection	Visual assessment can be carried out as armed, and the unaided eye
Visual assessment

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1, 2).

ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF TERMS

The numbers indicate the ordinal numbers of the terms.

The asterisk indicates the numbers of additional terms that appear in the table in the column «note».

Terms, having in its composition a few words, alphabetized key words (usually nouns).

The order of the words in the index opposite.

Terms consisting of two nouns are placed in the alphabet according to the word, standing in the nominative case.

And
Activation	94
Activator	95
Atmosphere protective	145
B
Score corrosion	154
Corrosion	24
Paper ingibirovany	143
In
Substance activating	95
Substance pestiviruses	93
Humidity is critical	13
G
Graphitization of cast iron	43
The ground	127
D
Deaeration	146
DepassivatedNDP	94
Depolarization	77
Depolarization of hydrogen	78
Depolarization of oxygen	80
Depolarization oxidative	79
Corrosion polarization diagram	70
Differential effect of NDP	81
W
Heat resistance	53
Z
Protection anode	122
Cathodic protection	120
Anticorrosive protection	112
Electrochemical protection	118
And
Inhibition	112A
The anodic inhibitor	108
Inhibitor anode-cathode	110
Inhibitor of atmospheric corrosion	104
The cathodic inhibitor	109
Inhibitor of acid corrosion	101
Inhibitor contact	105
Corrosion inhibitor	100
Inhibitor of corrosion in neutral mediums	103
Inhibitor volatile	106
Inhibitor generic	107
Inhibitor alkali corrosion	102
Testing corrosion	146a
Testing laboratory	147
Test in natural conditions	148
Test field	148
Test accelerated	150
Testing of performance	149
To
The control anode	66
Control diffusion	69
The control of the cathode	67
Control flow	68
Control of the polarization	65
Atmospheric corrosion	17
Corrosion stray current	26
Corrosion of the external current	25
Corrosion gas	16
Corrosion electoral	42
Corrosion intercrystalline NDP	41
Corrosion contact	27
Intergranular corrosion	41
Corrosion local	33
Corrosion of metals	1
Corrosion is uneven	32
Filiform corrosion	39
Corrosion knife	46
Corrosion underwater	21
Stress corrosion cracking	49
Corrosion underground	23
Corrosion of subsurface	34
Corrosion at the waterline	19
Corrosion in case of incomplete immersion	18
Corrosion in the alternating immersion	22
Corrosion under total immersion	20
Corrosion in friction	28
Corrosion layer	38
Corrosion spots	36
Corrosion uniform	31
Corrosion selective NDP	42
Corrosion through	37
Corrosion solid	30
Corrosion of structural	40
Corrosion pitting	35
Corrosion chemical	15
Corrosion electrochemical	14
Crevice corrosion	45
Polarization curve	74
The polarization curve is perfect	75
Polarization curve the real	76
M
Macronutrient corrosion	57
Metal corrosive	3
The metal is corrosion resistant	9
The microcell corrosion	58
On
Obeschanie	44
Scale	54
Hearth corrosion	12
Assessment of visual	154a
Evaluation of corrosion resistance visual	154a
P
Passivating	93
Passivation	84
Passivity	85
Passivity of the anode	88
Prepassivate	96
Pitting	35
Protective film	114
The oxide film	116
The current density of passivation	90
The current density of fully passivated	92
The rate of corrosion hydrogen	151
The rate of oxygen corrosion	152
Coating protective	117
The protective polymer coating	126A
The coating is non-insulating	126
Polarization	63
Potential activation	97
The potential protective	118a
Potential corrosion	73
The potential beginning of passivation	89
The potential of perepisyvatsya	98
Potential rittenhousetown	97A
The potential for complete passivation	91
Loss corrosion	4
The limit of corrosion fatigue	51
Corrosion products	5
Protector	119
Protector anode	121
Protector of the cathode	123
The process of corrosion	1*
Process controlling	64
R
Destruction of corrosion	1*
Cracking corrosion	48
Rust	99
With
The corrosion rate	6
The penetration rate of corrosion	7
Layer adsorption	115
Coat outer	128
Layer obesplozhennym	55
Lubricant protective	144
The passive	85
Environment of inert gas	2G
Gas oxidative environment	2B
Environment corrosion	2
The environment of corrosive gas	2B
Environment of corrosion liquid	2A
Stimulator of corrosion	111
Corrosion resistance	8
Submicrosecond corrosion	59
Degree of protection	113
T
Current corrosion	71
The current maximum corrosion	72
Current self-dissolution of the NDP	71
Have
The conditions of passivation	86
Fatigue corrosion	50
The stability of the passive state	87
F
Corrosion factors of the external	11
Factors internal corrosion	10
Fretting	29
X
The fragility of the corrosion	52
W
The scale of corrosion resistance	153
E
The aeration element	62
Element concentration	61
Element corrosion	56
Item multielectrode	60
The effect of negative differential	83
The effect of the positive differential	82
The effect of differential	81
The effect of slit NDP	45
I
Ulcer corrosion	47

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1, 2)

The electronic text of the document
prepared by JSC «Code» and checked by:
the official publication of the
Protection from corrosion. Part 4. Methods
field tests: Sat. Standards. -
M.: IPK Publishing house of standards, 1999

GOST 5272-68

GOST 5272−68 Corrosion of metals. Terms (with Amendments No. 1, 2)

Types of corrosion

Types of corrosion

Chemical corrosion

Electrochemical corrosion

Corrosion protection

Types of tests

ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF TERMS

Metals and metal products

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GOST 5272-68

GOST 5272−68 Corrosion of metals. Terms (with Amendments No. 1, 2)

Types of corrosion

Types of corrosion

Chemical corrosion

Electrochemical corrosion

Corrosion protection

Types of tests

ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF TERMS

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Metals and metal products

Our consultant will save your time

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