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Steel 40X

VSt6ps VSt5sp VSt3kp VSt4kp VSt6sp VSt2kp Vst4ps St0 VSt2ps VSt3ps VSt5ps VSt2sp VSt3sp 18К 08ps 10ps 15К 18kp 20ps 35 55 05kp 08Ю 15kp 20 (20А) 22К 40 58 (55ПП) 08 10 (Art. 10) 12К 15pc 20К 25 45 60 08kp 10kp 15 16К 20kp 30 50 0cB 60С2 60C2XA 50XFA 60C2A 60C2CHFA 65C2VA 85 55XGR 65 70C3A 55С2 60Г 60C2H2A 65Г 70 75 SHKH15 SHKH15SG SH4 А12 А20 A40G А30 10XNDP 14G2AF 15G2AFDps 17GS 18G2AFps 09Г2 10G2BD 10ХСНД 12GS 15G2SFD 16GS 35GS 14CGS 15ХСНД 20ХГ2Ц 09G2S 10G2S1 14Г2 16G2AF 17G1S 25G2S 10Г2 14X2GMR 15KHF 18CR2N4MA 20Г 20X2H4A 20XGR 20KHN2M (20KHNM) 30Г 30CGS 30CRNI2MA 34CRNI3M 35Х 38CR2N3M 38XA 38CMA 3CR3M3F 40Х 40XFA 45CRN 50Г2 12XH2 15Х 20KHGSA 20XHN3A 25CGSA 30KHGSA 30CRNI2MOVA 33HS 35KHN1M2FA 38CR2NM 40Г 40CR2H2MA 40CRN 45Г 45CRNI2MOVA 50Х 12XH2A 18CGT 20CRNR 20CRNI4FA 25CGT 30Х 30CGSN2A 30KHN3A 34CRNI1M 35Г 36CR2NI2MOVA 38KH2NMF 38CRN 38CRNI3MA 40Г2 40CRNI2MA 45Г2 47GT 50XH 12CR2N4A 12XHN3A 15Г 18CR2N4VA 20Х 20XH 20XNR 30CGT 30ХН3М2ФА 35Г2 35CGSA 38CR2H2MA 38CRNI3MOVA 40HS 45Х 50Г

Description

Steel 40X

Steel 40X: brand of steels and alloys. Below is a systematized information on the purpose, chemical composition, types of supplies, substitutes, temperature of critical points, physical, mechanical, technological and casting properties for the grade — Steel 40X.

General information about steel 40X

Substitute brand
steel: 45Х, 38ХА, 40ХН, 40ХС, 40ХФ, 40ХР.
Delivery type
Circle 40x, long products, including shaped: GOST 4543−71, GOST 2590−71, GOST 2591−71, GOST 2879−69, GOST 10702−78. Calibrated bar GOST 7414−75, GOST 8559−75, GOST 8560−78, GOST 1051−73. Polished bar and silver bar GOST 14955−77. Thick sheet GOST 1577−81, GOST 19903−74. Strip GOST 82−70, GOST 103−76, GOST 1577−81. Forgings and forged billets GOST 8479−70. Pipes GOST 8731−87, GOST 8733−87, GOST 13663−68.
Application
axles, shafts, pinion shafts, plungers, rods, crankshafts and camshafts, rings, spindles, mandrels, racks, gear rings, bolts, axle shafts, bushings and other improved parts of increased strength.

Chemical composition of steel 40X

Chemical element %
Silicon (Si) 0.17−0.37
Manganese (Mn) 0.50−0.80
Copper (Cu), no more 0.30
Nickel (Ni), no more 0.30
Sulfur (S), no more 0.035
Carbon (C) 0.36−0.44
Phosphorus (P), no more 0.035
Chromium (Cr) 0.80−1.10

Mechanical properties of steel 40X

Mechanical properties

Heat treatment, delivery condition Section, mm σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HB
Bar. Hardening 860 ° C, oil. Vacation 500 ° C, water or oil 25 780 980 ten 45 59  
Forgings. Normalization. KP 245 500−800 245 470 fifteen thirty 34 143−179
Forgings. Normalization. KP 275 300−500 275 530 fifteen 32 29 156−197
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 275 500−800 275 530 thirteen thirty 29 156−197
Forgings. Normalization. KP 315 <100 315 570 17 38 39 167−207
Forgings. Normalization. KP 315 100−300 315 570 fourteen 35 34 167−207
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 315 300−500 315 570 12 thirty 29 167−207
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 315 500−800 315 570 eleven thirty 29 167−207
Forgings. Normalization. KP 345 <100 345 590 eighteen 45 59 174−217
Forgings. Normalization. KP 345 100−300 345 590 17 40 54 174−217
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 345 300−500 345 590 fourteen 38 49 174−217
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 395 <100 395 615 17 45 59 187−229
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 395 100−300 395 615 fifteen 40 54 187−229
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 395 300−500 395 615 thirteen 35 49 187−229
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 440 <100 440 635 sixteen 45 59 197−235
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 440 100−300 440 635 fourteen 40 54 197−235
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 490 <100 490 655 sixteen 45 59 212−248
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 490 100−300 490 655 thirteen 40 54 212−248

Mechanical properties at elevated temperatures

test t, ° C σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2
Hardening 830 ° С, oil. Vacation 550 ° С,
200 700 880 fifteen 42 118
300 680 870 17 58  
400 610 690 eighteen 68 98
500 430 490 21 80 78
Sample 10 mm in diameter, 50 mm long forged and annealed. The deformation rate is 5 mm / min, the deformation rate is 0.002 1 / s.
700 140 175 33 78  
800 54 98 59 98  
900 41 69 65 100  
1000 24 43 68 100  
1100 eleven 26 68 100  
1200 eleven 24 70 100  

Mechanical properties depending on the tempering temperature

vacation t, ° С σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HB
Hardening 850 ° C, water
200 1560 1760 8 35 29 552
300 1390 1610 8 35 20 498
400 1180 1320 nine 40 49 417
500 910 1150 eleven 49 69 326
600 720 860 fourteen 60 147 265

Mechanical properties depending on the section

Section, mm σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HB
Hardening 840−860 ° С, water, oil. Vacation 580−650 ° С, water, air.
101−200 490 655 fifteen 45 59 212−248
201−300 440 635 fourteen 40 54 197−235
301−500 345 590 fourteen 38 49 174−217

Technological properties of steel 40X

Forging temperature
Beginning 1250, end 800. Sections up to 350 mm are cooled in air.
Weldability
difficult to weld. Welding methods: RDS, EShS. Heating and subsequent heat treatment are required. KTS — subsequent heat treatment is required.
Machinability by cutting
In the hot-rolled state at HB 163−168, σ B = 610 MPa K υ tv.spl. = 0.20, K υ b.st. = 0.95.
Tendency to release ability
inclined
Flock sensitivity
sensitive

Temperature of critical points of steel 40X

Critical point ° C
Ac1 743
Ac3 815
Ar3 730
Ar1 693
Mn 325

Impact strength of steel 40X

Impact strength, KCU, J / cm 2

Delivery status, heat treatment +20 -25 -40 -70
Hardening 850 С, oil. Vacation 650 S. 160 148 107 85
Hardening 850 С, oil. Vacation 580 C. 91 82   54

Endurance limit of steel 40X

σ -1, MPa τ -1, MPa n σ B, MPa σ 0.2, MPa Heat treatment, steel condition
363   1E + 6 690    
470   1E + 6 940    
509     960 870  
333 240 5E + 6 690    
372         Hardening 860 C, oil, tempering 550 C.

Hardenability of steel 40X

Hardening 850 C. Hardness for hardenability strips HRCe.

Distance from the end, mm / HRC e
1.5 4.5 6 7.5 10.5 13.5 16.5 19.5 24 thirty
50.5−60.5 48−59 45−57.5 39−5-57 35−53.5 31.5−50.5 28.5−46 27−42.5 24.5−39.5 22−37.5
Heat treatment Amount of martensite,% Crit. Diam. in water, mm Crit. Diam. in oil, mm Crete. hardness, HRCэ
Hardening 50 38−76 16−48 43−46
  90 23−58 6−35 49−53

Physical properties of steel 40X

Test temperature, ° С 20 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Normal elastic modulus, E, GPa 214 211 206 203 185 176 164 143 132  
Torsional shear elastic modulus G, GPa 85 83 81 78 71 68 63 55 50  
Density of steel, pn, kg / m 3 7850   7800     7650        
Thermal conductivity coefficient W / (m ° С) 41 40 38 36 34 33 31 thirty 27  
Ud. electrical resistance (p, Nom. m) 278 324 405 555 717 880 1100 1330    
Test temperature, ° С 20−100 20−200 20−300 20−400 20−500 20−600 20−700 20−800 20−900 20−1000
Linear expansion coefficient (a, 10−6 1 / ° С) 11.8 12.2 13.2 13.7 14.1 14.6 14.8 12.0    
Specific heat (C, J / (kg ° C)) 466 508 529 563 592 622 634 664    

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