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Steel 45X

VSt6ps VSt5sp VSt3kp VSt4kp VSt6sp VSt2kp Vst4ps St0 VSt2ps VSt3ps VSt5ps VSt2sp VSt3sp 18К 08ps 10ps 15К 18kp 20ps 35 55 05kp 08Ю 15kp 20 (20А) 22К 40 58 (55ПП) 08 10 (Art. 10) 12К 15pc 20К 25 45 60 08kp 10kp 15 16К 20kp 30 50 0cB 60С2 60C2XA 50XFA 60C2A 60C2CHFA 65C2VA 85 55XGR 65 70C3A 55С2 60Г 60C2H2A 65Г 70 75 SHKH15 SHKH15SG SH4 А12 А20 A40G А30 10XNDP 14G2AF 15G2AFDps 17GS 18G2AFps 09Г2 10G2BD 10ХСНД 12GS 15G2SFD 16GS 35GS 14CGS 15ХСНД 20ХГ2Ц 09G2S 10G2S1 14Г2 16G2AF 17G1S 25G2S 10Г2 14X2GMR 15KHF 18CR2N4MA 20Г 20X2H4A 20XGR 20KHN2M (20KHNM) 30Г 30CGS 30CRNI2MA 34CRNI3M 35Х 38CR2N3M 38XA 38CMA 3CR3M3F 40Х 40XFA 45CRN 50Г2 12XH2 15Х 20KHGSA 20XHN3A 25CGSA 30KHGSA 30CRNI2MOVA 33HS 35KHN1M2FA 38CR2NM 40Г 40CR2H2MA 40CRN 45Г 45CRNI2MOVA 50Х 12XH2A 18CGT 20CRNR 20CRNI4FA 25CGT 30Х 30CGSN2A 30KHN3A 34CRNI1M 35Г 36CR2NI2MOVA 38KH2NMF 38CRN 38CRNI3MA 40Г2 40CRNI2MA 45Г2 47GT 50XH 12CR2N4A 12XHN3A 15Г 18CR2N4VA 20Х 20XH 20XNR 30CGT 30ХН3М2ФА 35Г2 35CGSA 38CR2H2MA 38CRNI3MOVA 40HS 45Х 50Г

Description

Steel 45X

Steel 45X: a brand of steels and alloys. Below is a systematized information on the purpose, chemical composition, types of supplies, substitutes, temperature of critical points, physical, mechanical, technological and casting properties for the grade — Steel 45X.

General information of steel 45X

Substitute brand
steel: 40Х, 50Х, 45ХЦ, 40ХГТ, 40ХФ, 40Х2АФЕ.
Delivery type
Long products, including shaped: GOST 4543−71, GOST 2590−71, GOST 2591−71, GOST 10702−78. Calibrated bar GOST 7414−75, GOST 8559−75, GOST 8560−78, GOST 1051−73. Polished bar and silver bar GOST 14955−77. Thick sheet GOST 1577−81, GOST 19903−74. Strip GOST 82−70, GOST 103−76. Forgings and forged billets GOST 8479−70, GOST 1131−71.
Application
shafts, gears, axles, bolts, connecting rods and other parts, to which the requirements of increased hardness, wear resistance, strength and operating at low shock loads are applied.

Chemical composition of steel 45X

Chemical element %
Silicon (Si) 0.17−0.37
Manganese (Mn) 0.50−0.80
Copper (Cu), no more 0.30
Nickel (Ni), no more 0.30
Sulfur (S), no more 0.035
Carbon (C) 0.41−0.49
Phosphorus (P), no more 0.035
Chromium (Cr) 0.80−1.10

Mechanical properties of 45X steel

Mechanical properties

Heat treatment, delivery condition Section, mm σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HB
Bar. Hardening 840 ° С, oil. Vacation 520 ° C, water or oil 25 830 1030 nine 45 49  
Forgings. Normalization. KP 315 <100 315 570 17 38 39 167−207
Forgings. Normalization. KP 315 300−500 315 570 12 thirty 29 167−207
Forgings. Normalization. KP 315 500−800 315 570 eleven thirty 29 167−207
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 315 500−800 315 570 eleven thirty 29 167−207
Forgings. Normalization. KP 345 <100 345 590 eighteen 45 59 174−217
Forgings. Normalization. KP 345 100−300 345 590 17 40 54 174−217
Forgings. Normalization. KP 345 300−500 345 590 fourteen 38 49 174−217
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 395 500−800 345 590 12 33 39 174−217
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 395 100−300 395 615 fifteen 40 54 187−229
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 395 300−500 395 615 thirteen 35 49 187−229
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 440 100−300 440 635 fourteen 40 54 197−235
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 440 300−500 440 635 thirteen 35 49 197−235
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 490 <100 490 655 sixteen 45 59 212−248
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 490 100−300 490 655 thirteen 40 54 212−248
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 540 100−300 540 685 thirteen 40 49 223−262
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 590 <100 590 735 fourteen 45 59 235−277
Forgings. Quenching, vacation. KP 640 <100 640 785 thirteen 42 59 248−293

Mechanical properties depending on the tempering temperature

vacation t, ° С σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% HB
A rod with a diameter of 25 mm. Hardening 830 ° С, oil.
300 1490 1710 ten 27 500
400 1270 1490 12 37 450
500 1130 1240 17 50 375
600 880 1030 21 60 300
A rod with a diameter of 50 mm. Hardening 820 ° С, oil.
400 1490 1600 4 40  
500 1080 1190 ten 52  
600 540 640 20 60  

Technological properties of steel 45X

Forging temperature
Beginning 1250, end 780. Sections up to 100 mm are cooled in air, 101−300 mm — in a mold.
Weldability
difficult to weld. Welding methods: RDS — heating and subsequent heat treatment are required. KTS — subsequent heat treatment is required.
Machinability by cutting
In the hot-rolled state at HB 163−168, σ B = 610 MPa K υ tv.spl. = 1.20, K υ b.st. = 0.95.
Tendency to release ability
inclined
Flock sensitivity
sensitive

Temperature of critical points of steel 45X

Critical point ° C
Ac1 735
Ac3 770
Ar3 690
Ar1 660
Mn 355

Impact strength of steel 45X

Impact strength, KCU, J / cm 2

Delivery status, heat treatment +20 -40 -80
  55 51 39

Endurance limit of steel 45X

σ -1, MPa n σ B, MPa σ 0.2, MPa Heat treatment, steel condition
343   980 830 HB 285
380   780 550 HB 217
774 1E + 6 1590    
588 5E + 6 1150    
588       Quenching 830 C, oil, tempering 575 C.

Hardenability of steel 45X

Hardening 850 C. Hardness for strips of hardenability HRCe.

Distance from the end, mm / HRC e
1.5 4.5 7.5 nine 12 13.5 16.5 19.5 24 33
54−60 51.5−58.5 47.5−57 45−55 39.5−52.5 37.5−47 34.5−43.5 31.5−42 28.5−39.5 24.5−34.5
Amount of martensite,% Crit. Diam. in water, mm Crit. Diam. in oil, mm
50 33−60 20−38
95 21−36 12−14

Physical properties of steel 45X

Test temperature, ° С 20 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Normal elastic modulus, E, GPa 206                  
Torsional shear elastic modulus G, GPa 78                  
Density of steel, pn, kg / m 3 7820                  
Test temperature, ° С 20−100 20−200 20−300 20−400 20−500 20−600 20−700 20−800 20−900 20−1000
Linear expansion coefficient (a, 10−6 1 / ° С) 12.8 13.0 13.7              

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