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Steel 20X

VSt6ps VSt5sp VSt3kp VSt4kp VSt6sp VSt2kp Vst4ps St0 VSt2ps VSt3ps VSt5ps VSt2sp VSt3sp 18К 08ps 10ps 15К 18kp 20ps 35 55 05kp 08Ю 15kp 20 (20А) 22К 40 58 (55ПП) 08 10 (Art. 10) 12К 15pc 20К 25 45 60 08kp 10kp 15 16К 20kp 30 50 0cB 60С2 60C2XA 50XFA 60C2A 60C2CHFA 65C2VA 85 55XGR 65 70C3A 55С2 60Г 60C2H2A 65Г 70 75 SHKH15 SHKH15SG SH4 А12 А20 A40G А30 10XNDP 14G2AF 15G2AFDps 17GS 18G2AFps 09Г2 10G2BD 10ХСНД 12GS 15G2SFD 16GS 35GS 14CGS 15ХСНД 20ХГ2Ц 09G2S 10G2S1 14Г2 16G2AF 17G1S 25G2S 10Г2 14X2GMR 15KHF 18CR2N4MA 20Г 20X2H4A 20XGR 20KHN2M (20KHNM) 30Г 30CGS 30CRNI2MA 34CRNI3M 35Х 38CR2N3M 38XA 38CMA 3CR3M3F 40Х 40XFA 45CRN 50Г2 12XH2 15Х 20KHGSA 20XHN3A 25CGSA 30KHGSA 30CRNI2MOVA 33HS 35KHN1M2FA 38CR2NM 40Г 40CR2H2MA 40CRN 45Г 45CRNI2MOVA 50Х 12XH2A 18CGT 20CRNR 20CRNI4FA 25CGT 30Х 30CGSN2A 30KHN3A 34CRNI1M 35Г 36CR2NI2MOVA 38KH2NMF 38CRN 38CRNI3MA 40Г2 40CRNI2MA 45Г2 47GT 50XH 12CR2N4A 12XHN3A 15Г 18CR2N4VA 20Х 20XH 20XNR 30CGT 30ХН3М2ФА 35Г2 35CGSA 38CR2H2MA 38CRNI3MOVA 40HS 45Х 50Г

Description

Steel 20X

Steel 20X: brand of steels and alloys. Below is the systematized information on the purpose, chemical composition, types of supplies, substitutes, temperature of critical points, physical, mechanical, technological and casting properties for the grade — Steel 20X.

General information about steel 20X

Substitute brand
steel: 15Х, 20ХН, 12ХН2, 18ХГТ.
Delivery type
Circle 20x, sheet 20x, long products, including shaped: GOST 4543−71, GOST 2590−71, GOST 2591−71, GOST 2879−69, GOST 10702−78. Calibrated bar GOST 7414−75, GOST 8559−75, GOST 8560−78, GOST 1051−73. Polished bar and silver bar GOST 14955−77. Thick sheet GOST 1577−81, GOST 19903−74. Strip GOST 82−70, GOST 103−76. Forgings and forged billets GOST 8479−70, GOST 1131−71. Pipes GOST 8732−78, GOST 8733−87, GOST 8734−75, GOST 13663−68.
Application
bushings, gears, cages, sleeves, discs, plungers, levers and other cemented parts, which are required to have high surface hardness with low core strength, parts operating under friction wear conditions.

Chemical composition of steel 20X

Chemical element %
Silicon (Si) 0.17−0.37
Manganese (Mn) 0.50−0.80
Copper (Cu), no more 0.30
Nickel (Ni), no more 0.30
Sulfur (S), no more 0.035
Carbon (C) 0.17−0.23
Phosphorus (P), no more 0.035
Chromium (Cr) 0.70−1.00

Mechanical properties of steel 20X

Mechanical properties at elevated temperatures

test t, ° C σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,%
Sample 6 mm in diameter, 30 mm long forged and normalized. Deformation rate 16 mm / min. Strain rate 0.009 1 / s.
700 120 150 48 89
800 63 93 56 74
900 51 84 64 88
1000 33 51 78 97
1100 21 33 98 100
1200 fourteen 25    

Mechanical properties of rolled products

Heat treatment, delivery condition Section, mm σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HB HRC e
Bar. Hardening 880 ° C, water or oil; hardening 770−820 ° C, water or oil; vacation 180 ° C, air or oil fifteen 640 780 eleven 40 59    
Calibrated work-hardened steel with special finishing without heat treatment     590 five 45   207  
Bar. Cementation 920−950 ° С, air; hardening 800 ° C, oil; vacation 190 ° C, air. 60 390 640 thirteen 40 49 250 55−63

Mechanical properties of forgings

Heat treatment, delivery condition Section, mm σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HB
Normalization
KP 195 <100 195 390 26 55 59 111−156
KP 195 100−300 195 390 23 50 54 111−156
KP 195 300−500 195 390 20 45 49 111−156
KP 215 <100 215 430 24 53 54 123−167
KP 215 100−300 215 430 20 48 49 123−167
KP 245 <100 245 470 22 48 49 143−179
Hardening. Vacation.
KP 245 100−300 245 470 19 42 39 143−179
KP 275 <100 275 530 20 40 44 156−197
KP 275 100−300 275 530 17 38 34 156−197
KP 315 100−300 315 570 fourteen 35 34 167−207
KP 345 100−300 345 590 17 40 54 174−217

Mechanical properties depending on the tempering temperature

vacation t, ° С σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2
Bar with a diameter of 25 mm. Hardening 900 ° C, oil.
200 650 880 eighteen 58 118
300 690 880 sixteen 65 147
400 690 850 eighteen 70 176
500 670 780 20 71 196
600 610 730 20 70 225

Technological properties of steel 20X

Forging temperature
Beginning 1260, end 760. Billets with a cross-section up to 200 mm are cooled in air, 201−700 mm are subjected to low-temperature annealing.
Weldability
welded without restrictions (except for chemically-thermally treated parts). Welding methods: RDS, KTS without restrictions.
Machinability by cutting
In the hot-rolled state at HB 131 and σ B = 460 MPa K υ tv.spl. = 1.7, K υ b.st. = 1.3.
Tendency to release ability
not inclined
Flock sensitivity
insensitive

Temperature of critical points of steel 20X

Critical point ° C
Ac1 750
Ac3 825
Ar3 755
Ar1 665
Mn 390

Impact strength of steel 20X

Impact strength, KCU, J / cm 2

Delivery status, heat treatment +20 -20 -40 -60
A bar with a diameter of 115 mm. Hardening. Vacation. 280−286 280−289 277−287 261−274

Endurance limit of steel 20X

σ -1, MPa n σ B, MPa σ 0.2, MPa Heat treatment, steel condition
235 1E + 7 450−590 295−395 Normalization. HB 143−179
295 1E + 7 690 490 Hardening. High vacation. HB 217−235
412 1E + 7 930 790 Cementation. Hardening. Low vacation. HRCе 57−63

Hardenability of steel 20X

Hardening 860 C. Hardness for strips of hardenability HRCe.

Distance from the end, mm / HRC e
1.5 3 4.5 6 7.5 nine 10.5 12 13.5 eighteen
38.5−49 34−46.5 29−44 24.5−40 22−35.5 32.5 thirty 28.5 27 24.5
Amount of martensite,% Crit. Diam. in water, mm Crit. Diam. in oil, mm Crete. hardness, HRCэ
50 26−48 8−24 32−36
90 12−28 3−9 38−42

Physical properties of steel 20X

Test temperature, ° С 20 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Normal elastic modulus, E, GPa 216 213 198 193 181 171 165 143 133  
Torsional shear elastic modulus G, GPa 84 83 76 74 71 67 62 55 50  
Density of steel, pn, kg / m 3 7830 7810 7780   7710   7640      
Thermal conductivity coefficient W / (m ° С) 42 42 41 40 38 36 33 32 31  
Test temperature, ° С 20−100 20−200 20−300 20−400 20−500 20−600 20−700 20−800 20−900 20−1000
Linear expansion coefficient (a, 10−6 1 / ° С) 10.5 11.6 12.4 13.1 13.6 14.0        
Specific heat (C, J / (kg ° C)) 496 508 525 537 567 588 626 706    

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