Steel 35X
Description
Steel 35X
Steel 35X: brand of steels and alloys. Below is a systematized information on the purpose, chemical composition, types of supplies, substitutes, temperature of critical points, physical, mechanical, technological and casting properties for the grade — Steel 35X.
General information about steel 35X
| Substitute brand |
| steel: 40Х, 35ХР. |
| Delivery type |
| Circle 35x, rolled sections, including shaped: GOST 4543−71, GOST 2590−71, GOST 2591−71, GOST 2879−69, GOST 10702−78. Calibrated bar GOST 7414−75, GOST 8559−75, GOST 8560−78, GOST 1051−73. Polished bar and silver bar GOST 14955−77. Strip GOST 103−76. Forgings and forged billets GOST 8479−70, GOST 1131−71. |
| Application |
| axles, shafts, gears, ring rails and other upgradable parts. |
The chemical composition of steel 35X
| Chemical element |
% |
| Silicon (Si) |
0.17−0.37 |
| Manganese (Mn) |
0.50−0.80 |
| Copper (Cu), no more |
0.30 |
| Nickel (Ni), no more |
0.30 |
| Sulfur (S), no more |
0.035 |
| Carbon (C) |
0.31−0.39 |
| Phosphorus (P), no more |
0.035 |
| Chromium (Cr) |
0.80−1.10 |
Mechanical properties of 35X steel
Mechanical properties
| Heat treatment, delivery condition |
Section, mm |
σ 0.2, MPa |
σ B, MPa |
δ 5 ,% |
ψ,% |
KCU, J / m 2 |
HB |
| Bar. Hardening 860 ° C, oil. Vacation 500 ° C, water or oil. |
25 |
730 |
910 |
eleven |
45 |
69 |
|
| Forgings. Hardening. Vacation. KP 395 |
100−300 |
395 |
615 |
fifteen |
40 |
54 |
187−229 |
| Forgings. Hardening. KP 490 vacation |
<100 |
490 |
655 |
sixteen |
45 |
59 |
212−248 |
Mechanical properties at elevated temperatures
| test t, ° C |
σ 0.2, MPa |
σ B, MPa |
δ 5 ,% |
| Hardening 840 ° С, oil. Vacation 580 ° C. |
| 20 |
460 |
690 |
28 |
| 200 |
390 |
700 |
22 |
| 300 |
360 |
670 |
22 |
| 400 |
310 |
540 |
24 |
Mechanical properties depending on the tempering temperature
| vacation t, ° С |
σ 0.2, MPa |
σ B, MPa |
δ 5 ,% |
ψ,% |
KCU, J / m 2 |
| Hardening 850 ° C, water. |
| 500 |
880 |
980 |
fifteen |
53 |
98 |
| 600 |
680 |
830 |
19 |
61 |
127 |
| 700 |
540 |
710 |
24 |
68 |
166 |
Mechanical properties depending on the section
| Section, mm |
σ 0.2, MPa |
σ B, MPa |
δ 5 ,% |
ψ,% |
KCU, J / m 2 |
HB |
| Normalization at 850 ° C. Vacation 660 ° C, air. Hardening 850 ° C, water. Vacation 570 ° C, water or oil |
| thirty |
760 |
880 |
fifteen |
50 |
78 |
262 |
| 50 |
650 |
820 |
fifteen |
50 |
78 |
248 |
| Normalization at 850 ° C. Vacation 660 ° C, air. Hardening 850 ° C, water. Vacation 610 ° C, water or oil |
| 80 |
550 |
740 |
fifteen |
50 |
78 |
217 |
| 120 |
490 |
700 |
fifteen |
50 |
59 |
207 |
| 160 |
450 |
670 |
fifteen |
50 |
59 |
197 |
| 240 |
390 |
630 |
fifteen |
50 |
59 |
187 |
Technological properties of steel 35X
| Forging temperature |
| Beginning 1250, end 800. |
| Weldability |
| restrictedly weldable. Welding methods: RDS, EShS. Heating and subsequent heat treatment is recommended. KTS — subsequent heat treatment is recommended. |
| Machinability by cutting |
| In the hot-rolled state at HB 163 and σ B = 610 MPa K υ b.st. = 0.95. |
| Tendency to release ability |
| inclined |
| Flock sensitivity |
| insensitive |
Temperature of critical points of steel 35X
| Critical point |
° C |
| Ac1 |
743 |
| Ac3 |
782 |
| Ar3 |
730 |
| Ar1 |
693 |
| Mn |
390 |
Impact strength of 35X steel
Impact strength, KCU, J / cm 2
| Delivery status, heat treatment |
+20 |
-25 |
-70 |
| Guenching 860 C, oil. Vacation 580 C. |
101 |
69 |
48 |
Endurance limit of steel 35X
| σ -1, MPa |
τ -1, MPa |
n |
σ B, MPa |
| 362 |
240 |
1E + 6 |
690 |
Hardenability of steel 35X
Hardness for strips HRCe.
| Distance from the end, mm / HRC e |
| 1.5 |
3 |
4.5 |
6 |
7.5 |
nine |
10.5 |
12 |
13.5 |
eighteen |
| 44.5−55 |
42.5−54 |
40.5−53.5 |
36.5−53 |
32−51.5 |
29−48.5 |
28−45.5 |
25−43.5 |
23−43.5 |
20−36 |
| Heat treatment |
Amount of martensite,% |
Crit. Diam. in oil, mm |
| Hardening |
50 |
15−25 |
Physical properties of steel 35X
| Test temperature, ° С |
20 |
100 |
200 |
300 |
400 |
500 |
600 |
700 |
800 |
900 |
| Normal elastic modulus, E, GPa |
214 |
|
|
207 |
|
176 |
|
|
|
|
| Torsional shear elastic modulus G, GPa |
83 |
|
|
74 |
|
65 |
|
|
|
|
| Thermal conductivity coefficient W / (m ° С) |
|
47 |
43 |
40 |
36 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Test temperature, ° С |
20−100 |
20−200 |
20−300 |
20−400 |
20−500 |
20−600 |
20−700 |
20−800 |
20−900 |
20−1000 |
| Linear expansion coefficient (a, 10−6 1 / ° С) |
11.3 |
12.0 |
12.9 |
13.7 |
14.2 |
14.6 |
|
|
|
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