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Steel 40

VSt6ps VSt5sp VSt3kp VSt4kp VSt6sp VSt2kp Vst4ps St0 VSt2ps VSt3ps VSt5ps VSt2sp VSt3sp 18К 08ps 10ps 15К 18kp 20ps 35 55 05kp 08Ю 15kp 20 (20А) 22К 40 58 (55ПП) 08 10 (Art. 10) 12К 15pc 20К 25 45 60 08kp 10kp 15 16К 20kp 30 50 0cB 60С2 60C2XA 50XFA 60C2A 60C2CHFA 65C2VA 85 55XGR 65 70C3A 55С2 60Г 60C2H2A 65Г 70 75 SHKH15 SHKH15SG SH4 А12 А20 A40G А30 10XNDP 14G2AF 15G2AFDps 17GS 18G2AFps 09Г2 10G2BD 10ХСНД 12GS 15G2SFD 16GS 35GS 14CGS 15ХСНД 20ХГ2Ц 09G2S 10G2S1 14Г2 16G2AF 17G1S 25G2S 10Г2 14X2GMR 15KHF 18CR2N4MA 20Г 20X2H4A 20XGR 20KHN2M (20KHNM) 30Г 30CGS 30CRNI2MA 34CRNI3M 35Х 38CR2N3M 38XA 38CMA 3CR3M3F 40Х 40XFA 45CRN 50Г2 12XH2 15Х 20KHGSA 20XHN3A 25CGSA 30KHGSA 30CRNI2MOVA 33HS 35KHN1M2FA 38CR2NM 40Г 40CR2H2MA 40CRN 45Г 45CRNI2MOVA 50Х 12XH2A 18CGT 20CRNR 20CRNI4FA 25CGT 30Х 30CGSN2A 30KHN3A 34CRNI1M 35Г 36CR2NI2MOVA 38KH2NMF 38CRN 38CRNI3MA 40Г2 40CRNI2MA 45Г2 47GT 50XH 12CR2N4A 12XHN3A 15Г 18CR2N4VA 20Х 20XH 20XNR 30CGT 30ХН3М2ФА 35Г2 35CGSA 38CR2H2MA 38CRNI3MOVA 40HS 45Х 50Г

Description

Steel 40

Steel 40: a brand of steels and alloys. Below is a systematized information on the purpose, chemical composition, types of supplies, substitutes, temperature of critical points, physical, mechanical, technological and casting properties for the Steel 40 grade.

General steel 40

Substitute brand
steel: 35, 45, 40G
Delivery type
Sheet 40, circle 40, long products, including shaped: GOST 1050−74, GOST 2590−71, GOST 2591−71, GOST 2879−69, GOST 8509−86, GOST 8510−86, GOST 8239−72, GOST 8240−72, GOST 10702−78. Calibrated bar GOST 10702−78, GOST 7417−75, GOST 8559−75, GOST 8560−78. Polished bar and silver bar GOST 10702−78, GOST 14955−77. Thick sheet GOST 1577−81, GOST 19903−74, GOST 4041−71. Thin sheet GOST 16523−70. Tape GOST 10234−77, GOST 2284−79, GOST 1530−78. Strip GOST 103−76, GOST 82−70, GOST 1577−81. Wire GOST 17305−71, GOST 5663−79. Forgings and forged billets GOST 8479−70, GOST 1133−71.
Application
After improvement — crankshafts, connecting rods, gear rims, flywheels, gear wheels, bolts, axles and other parts; after surface hardening with HFC heating — parts of medium size, which are subject to the requirements of high surface hardness and increased wear resistance with low deformation (long shafts, travel rollers, gear wheels).

Chemical composition of steel 40

Chemical element %
Silicon (Si) 0.17−0.37
Manganese (Mn) 0.50−0.80
Copper (Cu), no more 0.25
Arsenic (As), no more 0.08
Nickel (Ni), no more 0.25
Sulfur (S), no more 0.04
Carbon (C) 0.37−0.45
Phosphorus (P), no more 0.035
Chromium (Cr), no more 0.25

Mechanical properties of steel 40

Mechanical properties at elevated temperatures

test t, ° C σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,%
Sample with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 30 mm, rolled. The deformation rate is 16 mm / min. Strain rate 0.009 1 / s.
700 99 140 48 85
800 70 110 53 97
900 54 71 55 100
1000 28 58 69 100
1100 24 37 60 100
1200 sixteen 26 87 100
1300 12 eighteen 56 100

Mechanical properties of rolled products

Heat treatment, delivery condition Section, mm σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% δ 4 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HB
Hot-rolled steel, forged calibrated and silver grade 2 after normalization 25 570 19   45 59  
Calibrated steel grade 5 after work-hardening   610 6   35    
Calibrated steel grade 5 after annealing or high tempering   510 fourteen   40    
Calibrated and calibrated steel with special finishing after tempering and annealing   <590     40   197
Heat-treated sheets of the 1st-2nd category 4−14 510−650 21       167
Normalized and hot rolled sheets 80 560 20        
Annealed or highly tempered sheets 80 520 21        
Normalized or hot rolled strips 6−25 570 19   45    
Hot rolled sheet <2 510−660   sixteen      
Hot rolled sheet 2−3.9 510−660   17      
Cold rolled sheet <2 510−660   17      
Cold rolled sheet 2−3.9 510−660   eighteen      
Cold rolled annealed strip 0.1−4 450−700   fourteen      
Cold-rolled cold-worked strip, strength class H2 0.1−4 850−1050          
Annealed crimped tape 0.1−4 <700 ten        

Mechanical properties of forgings

Heat treatment, delivery condition Section, mm σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HB
Normalization
KP 215 300−500 215 430 eighteen 40 44 123−167
KP 215 500−800 215 430 sixteen 35 39 123−167
KP 245 100−300 245 470 19 42 39 143−179
KP 245 300−500 245 470 17 35 34 143−179
KP 275 <100 275 530 20 40 44 156−197
KP 275 100−300 275 530 17 38 34 156−197
Hardening. Vacation
KP 275 300−500 275 530 fifteen 32 29 156−197
KP 275 500−800 275 530 thirteen thirty 29 156−197
KP 315 100−300 315 570 fourteen 35 34 167−207
KP 345 <100 345 590 eighteen 45 59 174−217

Mechanical properties depending on the tempering temperature

vacation t, ° С σ 0.2, MPa σ B, MPa δ 5 ,% ψ,% KCU, J / m 2 HB
200 750 930 7 45 29 267
300 710 860 8 51 69 247
400 640 790 ten 57 88 225
500 550 730 12 62 127 208
600 450 660 sixteen 66 167 188
700 380 620 17 71 206 170

Technological properties of steel 40

Forging temperature
Beginning 1250, end 800. Cooling of workpieces with a cross section up to 400 mm in air.
Weldability
Limited weldability. Methods of welding RDS, ADS submerged arc and gas shielded, EShS. Heating and subsequent heat treatment is recommended. KTS without restrictions.
Machinability by cutting
In the hot-rolled state at HB 170 and σ B = 520 MPa, K υ b.st. = 1.05, K υ tv.spl. = 1.2
Tendency to release ability
Not inclined.
Flock sensitivity
Not sensitive.

Temperature of critical points of steel 40

Critical point ° C
Ac1 730
Ac3 890
Ar3 780
Ar1 690
Mn 340

Impact strength of steel 40

Impact strength, KCU, J / cm 2

Delivery status, heat treatment +20 -40 -80
Quenching 850 С, water. Vacation 400 S. 78 55 51

Endurance limit steel 40

σ -1, MPa σ B, MPa σ 0.2, MPa Heat treatment, steel condition
231 520 275 Annealing 850 C.
393 710 600 Quenching 845 C, water. Vacation 550 S.
230 630 415 Tempering 845 C, oil. Vacation 430 C.

Hardenability of steel 40

Hardening. Hardness for strips of hardenability, HRCэ (HRB).

Distance from the end, mm / HRC e
1.5 3 4.5 6 7.5 12 16.5 19.5 thirty
50.5−58 45.5−57 39.5−52 26−37.5 24−34 (94) -29 (91) -27 (88) -26 (84) -23
Heat treatment Amount of martensite,% Crit. Diam. in water, mm Crit. Diam. in oil, mm
Hardening 50 15−25 8−15
Hardening 90 10−15 5−9.5

Physical properties of steel 40

Test temperature, ° С 20 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Normal elastic modulus, E, GPa 212 206 201 192 176 163 151 131 118  
Torsional shear elastic modulus G, GPa 82 80 78 75 68 63 58 50 45  
Density of steel, pn, kg / m 3 7850                  
Thermal conductivity coefficient W / (m ° С)   51 48 46 42 38 34 thirty 25 26
Test temperature, ° С 20−100 20−200 20−300 20−400 20−500 20−600 20−700 20−800 20−900 20−1000
Linear expansion coefficient (a, 10−6 1 / ° С) 11.9 12.8 13.5 14.1 14.6 14.9 15.2 12.5 13.5 14.5
Specific heat (C, J / (kg ° C)) 486 497 512 529 550 574 628 674 657 653

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