GOST 28515-97

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  ГОСТ 28515-97

GOST 28515−97 Copper. Test method samples for the elongation of the spiral (Change No. 1)

GOST 28515−97

Group В79

INTERSTATE STANDARD

COPPER

Test method samples for the elongation of the spiral

Copper. Method of test for sample spiral elongation

ISS 77.120.30
AXTU 1709

Date of introduction 1998−07−01

Preface

1 DEVELOPED by the Interstate Technical Committee for standardization MTK 503 «Copper"

INTRODUCED by Gosstandart of Russia

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for standardization, Metrology and certification (minutes No. 12 dated November 21, 1997)

The adoption voted:

3 Resolution of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for standardization, Metrology and certification from March 17, 1998 N 52 inter-state standard GOST 28515−97 introduced directly as state standard of the Russian Federation from July 1, 1998

4 REPLACE GOST 28515−90

5 EDITION (September 2005) as Amended (ICS 1−2000, 8−2000)


The Change N 1, approved and promulgated by the Order of Rosstandart from 26.11.2014 No. 1774-St c 01.09.2015

Change No. 1 made by the manufacturer of the database in the text IUS N 4, 2015

1 SCOPE

This standard applies to copper, made in the form of ingots (grade M00), cathodes (M00k grade) and their products and establishes a test method for elongation of a spiral copper wire (hereinafter, wire) to determine its ability to recrystallization with preset parameters of heat treatment.

The essence of the method consists in expansion of the spiral wire diameter (2,00±0,01) mm load (22,00±0,02) N, giving the wire tension of 7 MPa and subsequent measurement of the residual elongation of the spiral.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES

The present standard features references to the following standards:

GOST 427−75 Rulers measuring metal. Specifications

GOST 546−2001 copper Cathodes. Specifications

GOST 6507−90 Micrometers. Specifications

GOST 28106−89 copper Cathodes. The selection and preparation of samples and specimens for determining the electrical resistivity

Note — When using this standard appropriate to test the effect of reference standards in the information system of General use — on the official website of the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology on the Internet or published annually by the information sign «National standards» published as on January 1 of the current year and related information published monthly indexes published in the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (changed), when using this standard should be guided by replacing (amended) standard. If the reference standard is cancelled without replacement, then the situation in which the given link applies to the extent that does not affect this link.


(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

3 SAMPLING AND SAMPLE PREPARATION

3.1 Sampling from the copper cathodes (hereinafter, the cathode) is carried out by drilling through or cutting (pressing) discs not less than five points on the diagonal at an equal distance from each other or in the middle of the cathode and four points at the corners at a distance of 50−100 mm from the edges of the cathode, or cutting of the cathode. Samples are taken in an amount of 0.1% of the party, but at least two cathodes. The total sample mass shall be not less than 500 g.

Allowed sampling of copper cathodes GOST 546 or GOST 28106.

3.1.1 Sample of copper cathode is melted in a graphite crucible without a cover in an induction furnace or a resistance furnace at a temperature of from 1150° to 1200°With, stand in the oven for 10 minutes with periodic stirring of the melt graphite, alundum or quartz rod and poured into a horizontal graphite mold preheated to a temperature of from 150 °C to 200 °C, to obtain the ingot of square section with side of square from 18 to 22 mm and a length of from 100 to 200 mm in a vertical or a graphite mold to obtain the ingot with a diameter of from 10 to 18 mm and a height of from 200 to 300 mm.

The mass fraction of oxygen in the test ingot should be from 0.020 to 0,045%.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

3.2 Sampling from the copper ingots (hereinafter ingots) is carried out according to figure 1. The samples, taken from the horizontal ingot casting, and remove the area of the free surface curing of from 10 to 15 mm, oxygen-rich.

The sample should have a section of 2020 mm.

Figure 1 — sampling site from ingots

that is the place of sampling from the horizontal casting of ingots;  — sampling point from the vertical casting of ingots in a round mold; with the sample from the vertical casting of ingots in rectangular or square mold

Figure 1 — sampling site from ingots

3.3 a Sample from a rolled or extruded billet of the bar (hereinafter, bar stock) taken at a minimum distance of 2 m from the end of the Bay. The sample mass should be at least 300 g.

3.4 the Sample from melted cathodes, ingot, rod or billet is subjected to plastic deformation in hot or cold condition for obtaining a rod with a diameter of (8,0±0,4) mm.

The plastic deformation of the samples from the cathodes and ingots is permitted to grind them on a lathe to obtain a diameter from 10 to 18 mm.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

3.5 the Rod is subjected to annealing in a tube furnace or a resistance furnace at a temperature of (700±5)°C for (1,00±0,02) h, then cooled in water, etched in sulfuric acid solution, diluted 1:10 and washed with water.

Note — the Operation is performed only for rods from rod blanks with a nominal diameter greater than 8 mm.


Permitted prior to annealing the rod cut to a length of not less than 400 mm, and after annealing — mechanical cleaning of the surface of the sample.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

3.6 For obtaining samples of wire rod with a diameter of 8.00 mm after annealing is subjected to drawing in a drawing machine to obtain a wire diameter (2,00±0,01) mm. the Hood is carried out by single passages in one direction with a single compression in the range of 20−25% at a speed not exceeding 1 m/s. After each pass, the wire is cooled for at least 1 min in water or 5 min in air.

It is recommended to use the following series of the drawing to obtain a wire diameter of 2.00 mm: 8,00; 7,13; 6,28; 5,53; 4,87; 4,29; 3,78; 3,33; 2,93; 2,58; 2,27; 2,00 mm.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

3.7 From each end of the wire diameter (2,00±0,01) mm cut at least 1 m from the remaining receive a test specimen of the required length, which is wound into the Bay with a diameter of (200±10) mm, previously noting the direction of the drawing.

The final annealing wire diameter (2,00±0,01) mm is carried out in a thermostat at (200,0±0,5)°C for (2,00±0,02) h

Notes

1 the Length of heating wire to (200,0±0,5)°C shall not exceed 5 min.

2 it is Necessary to maintain accurate and uniform temperature on the thermostat during the annealing process.

3.8 After annealing, the wire was cooled in water.

Note — further work with annealed wire act carefully to prevent twists and sprains.


The wire is degreased and divided into lengths of from 1300 to 1400 mm, noting the direction of drawing.

The number of samples for testing shall conform to the requirements of normative documents, but not be less than three.

3.9 Preparation of test sample

3.9.1 Determine the middle of the sample, and on both sides with indelible paint of equal distance deal marks so that the distance between them was (1000±1) mm. the distance indicate .

3.9.2 to receive a Spiral winding of a prototype of the wire on a polished rod with a diameter of (20,0±0,1) mm and a length of not less than 50 mm, mounted horizontally along the axis with a deviation of ±3°.

3.9.3 One end of a prototype of the wire (beginning in the direction of the drawing) by means of recesses, grooves or pins firmly attached to the polished rod, and the other end form a loop or hook outside the measuring length.

3.9.4. To the loop or hook of a test sample applied load (22±0,02) N generated by a weight (2240±2) g and wound it into a tight spiral upon rotation of the rod with a speed of (50±5) min, herewith each following spiral turn must be adjacent to the previous one.

Note — During the winding it is impossible to straighten and stretch the wire, except for light directions on the web for the formation of a tight spiral.

3.9.5 the Spiral should be wound so that at least two turns at each end of the spiral is outside the measuring length (28±2) mm.

Note — the Length between the check marks in the spiral is approximately equal to 28 mm, this distance is measured with an accuracy of 1 mm and recorded as the initial value . To do so, carefully remove weight, remove the spiral from the rod and lay it horizontally on a smooth surface. Using a steel ruler, measure the length between reference marks.


3.7−3.9 (Amended, Rev. N 1).

4 EQUIPMENT

4.1 Induction furnace or resistance furnace for melting samples of copper cathode at a temperature of 1150−1200 °C.

4.2 tube furnace or a resistance furnace for heat treatment of the rod at the temperature (700±5) °C, ensuring a constant temperature throughout the length of the sample after annealing.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

4.3 Thermostat for final annealing of the sample wire side of the coil with a diameter of (200±10) mm, at a temperature of (200±0,5) °C or any heating device that provides conditions of the annealing at 3.7.

The thermostat used silicone oil of low viscosity. The thermostat shall be equipped with a stirrer to ensure uniform temperature.

(Amendment I & C 8−2000); (Revised edition, Edit. N 1).

4.4 Equipment for plastic deformation of the sample in the manufacture of rod with a diameter of (8,0±0,4) mm, in hot or cold condition.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

4.5 Drawing machine of any type for drawing wire diameter of (8,0±0,4) to (2,00±0,01) mm at a maximum speed of 1 m/s.

To reduce friction and overheating of a test sample in the drawing process use appropriate lubrication for the device.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

4.6 Test set-up, providing the winding of a spiral with a speed of (50±5) minand tensile spiral load (22,00±0,02) N generated by a weight (2240±2) g at a speed of 20 mm/s.

The loading must be applied by lowering or by raising the upper end of the helix.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

4.7 Measuring metal ruler according to GOST 427.

4.8 Micrometer type MK precision class 1 with measurement range 0−25 mm graduation 0.01 mm according to GOST 6507.

4.9 Timer that allows you to specify a measuring interval of 2 h with discreteness of 1 min. countdown

4.10 the Template for the wire wrap into the Bay with a diameter of (200±10) mm.

4.9, 4.10 (Introduced later, Rev. N 1).

5 TESTING AND PROCESSING OF RESULTS

5.1 When testing the spiral hook at one end (the beginning in the direction of lug) to the cable to stretch, and the other to a weight (2240±2,0) g, creates strain in (22,00±0,02) N and it is stretched at a speed not exceeding 20 mm·. After separation of the cargo from the base of the testing machine tension stop and kept the helix under load for 1 min.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

5.2 the Load is carefully removed from the spiral, the spiral is placed in a horizontal position, is kept for relaxation for at least 1 min and measure the length of the helix along its axis between the measuring length . The length of spiral is measured with an accuracy of 1 mm.

(Amendment 1−2000 IUS).

5.3 the value of the elongation of the spiral is calculated by the formula

. (1)

The value is determined with an accuracy of 1 mm.

The value is determined as the arithmetic average of the test results of all samples. Deviation of the results of each trial from the average should not exceed 10%.

5.4. The value is determined as the arithmetic average of the test results of all samples.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

5.5 Characteristics of indicators of measurement accuracy

Indicator of measurement accuracy of elongation of the spiral corresponds to the characteristics given in table 1 (if of 0.95).

Limit values of repeatability and reproducibility of measurements for a confidence probability of 0.95 is given in table 1.


Table 1 — values of the indicator of measurement accuracy, indicators of repeatability and reproducibility of measurements of the elongation of the spiral at a confidence probability of 0.95

In millimeters

(Added, Rev. N 1).


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UDC 669.3.001.4:006.354 ISS 77.120.30 В79 AXTU 1709

Key words: copper, sample, wire, spiral, elongation, sampling, sample preparation, testing, result