GOST 1953.10-79
GOST 1953.10−79 Bronze tin. Methods for determination of antimony (with Amendments No. 1, 2)
GOST 1953.10−79
Group B59
INTERSTATE STANDARD
BRONZE TIN
Methods for determination of antimony
Tin bronze.
Methods for the determination of stibium
AXTU 1709
Date of introduction 1981−01−01
INFORMATION DATA
1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of nonferrous metallurgy of the USSR
2. APPROVED AND put INTO EFFECT by Decision of the USSR State Committee for standards from
3. The standard fully complies ST SEV 1542−79
4. REPLACE GOST 1953.10−74
5. REFERENCE NORMATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
The designation of the reference document, to which this links |
The number of the paragraph, subparagraph |
GOST 8.315−97 |
2.4.3, 3.4.3, 4.4.4, 5.4.4 |
GOST 435−77 |
2.2 |
GOST 613−79 |
Chapeau |
GOST 614−97 |
Chapeau |
GOST 4461−77 |
2.2 |
GOST 1089−73 |
2.2, 3.2, 4.2, 5.2 |
GOST 1953.1−79 |
1.1 |
GOST 3118−77 |
2.2, 3.2, 4.2, 5.2 |
GOST 3760−79 |
2.2, 4.2 |
GOST 4166−76 |
2.2, 3.2 |
GOST 4197−74 |
2.2, 3.2 |
GOST 4204−77 |
2.2, 3.2, 4.2, 5.2 |
GOST 4461−77 |
2.2, 3.2, 4.2, 5.2 |
GOST 5456−79 |
2.2 |
GOST 5789−78 |
2.2, 3.2 |
GOST 6691−77 |
2.2, 3.2 |
GOST 20490−75 |
2.2, 4.2 |
GOST 22867−77 |
2.2 |
GOST 25086−87 |
1.1, 2.4.3, 3.4.3, 4.4.4, 5.4.4 |
6. Limitation of actions taken by Protocol No. 5−94 of the Interstate Council for standardization, Metrology and certification (ICS 11−12−94)
7. EDITION with Amendments No. 1, 2 approved in February 1983, August 1990 (IUS 6−83, 11−90)
This standard specifies the extraction-photometric method for the determination of antimony with crystal violet (0.001% to 0.6%), extraction-photometric method for the determination of antimony with brilliant green (0.2% to 0.6%) and atomic absorption method for the determination of antimony (from 0.001% to 0.05% and from 0.05% to 0.6%) in tin bronze according to GOST and GOST 614 613.
The standard fully complies ST SEV 1542−79.
(Changed edition, Rev. N 1, 2).
1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1. General requirements for methods of analysis GOST 25086 with the Supplement according to claim 1.1 GOST 1953.1.
(Changed edition, Rev. N 1, 2).
2. EXTRACTION-PHOTOMETRIC METHOD for the DETERMINATION of ANTIMONY WITH CRYSTAL VIOLET (0.001% to 0.6%)
2.1. The essence of the method
The method enables the selection of antimony deposition of tin it with acid, or hydrated dioxide of manganese, the extraction of pentavalent antimony toluene in the form of hexachlorobuta crystal violet and measuring the optical density of the extract.
2.2. Apparatus, reagents and solutions
Photoelectrocolorimeter or spectrophotometer.
Cerium (IV) sulfate solution 0.4 g/lin 0.25 mol/DMsulfuric acid.
Potassium permanganate according to GOST 20490, a solution of 10 g/DM.
Hydroxylamine hydrochloric acid according to GOST 5456, a solution of 1 g/DM.
Manganese sulfate according to GOST 435, a solution of 10 g/DM.
Nitric acid according to GOST 4461 and diluted 1:1 and 1:100.
Hydrochloric acid according to GOST 3118 and diluted 7:3 and 1:1.
Sulfuric acid according to GOST 4204, and diluted 1:1 and 0.25 mol/DMsolution.
Ammonia water according to GOST 3760.
Tin dichloride by ND, a solution of 100 g/lin hydrochloric acid, diluted 1:1.
Sodium atomistically according to GOST 4197, solution 100 g/DM.
Urea according to GOST 6691, saturated solution; prepared as follows: 100 g of urea dissolved in 100 cmof hot water.
Crystal violet solution 2 g/DM.
Toluene according to GOST 5789.
Sodium sulphate anhydrous according to GOST 4166.
Antimony GOST 1089, brand Su0 or Su00.
Standard solutions of antimony. Solution A, prepared as follows: 0.1 g of antimony is dissolved by heating in 50 cmof concentrated sulfuric acid. The solution was transferred to a volumetric flask with a capacity of 1 DM, add 175 cmsulfuric acid, diluted 1:1, cooled, made up to the mark with water and mix.
1 cmof the solution contains 0.0001 g of antimony.
Solution B is prepared as follows: 10 cmof solution A is placed in a volumetric flask with a capacity of 100 cm, add 70 cmof concentrated hydrochloric acid, diluted to the mark with water and mix.
1 cmof solution B contains 0,00001 g of antimony.
Ammonium nitrate according to GOST 22867.
The washing liquid; is prepared as follows: 10 g of the ammonium nitrate is dissolved in 200 cmof water with the addition of 10 cmof concentrated nitric acid and dilute
water up to 1 DM.
2.3. Analysis
2.3.1. Weighed bronze (see table) is placed in a beaker with a capacity of 250 cm, add 5−10 cmof nitric acid, diluted 1:1, cover with a watch glass and dissolved under heating.
Mass fraction of SB, % |
The mass of charge, g |
The volume of solution after dilution, see |
The volume aliquote part, see |
A charge corresponding to aliquote part g |
From 0.001 to 0.005 |
0,5 |
10 |
The entire solution |
0,50 |
SV. Of 0.005 «to 0.025 |
0,5 |
25 |
5 |
0,10 |
«0,025» 0,1 |
0,5 |
100 |
5 |
0,025 |
«Of 0.1» to 0.25 |
0,2 |
250 |
10 |
0,008 |
«Of 0.25» to 0.6 |
0,2 |
250 |
5 |
0,004 |
The solution was cooled, rinse watch glass with water, add water to volume of 50 cm, add a small amount filtrowanie mass and leave for 1−2 hours
The precipitate was filtered off on a tight filter, washing out the beaker and wash the precipitate 10−12 times liquid.
The filter with the sediment was transferred to a glass that has been used for the precipitation, add 10−15 cmof concentrated sulfuric acid, 20−25 cmof concentrated nitric acid and the solution is evaporated prior to the allocation of white smoke of sulfuric acid. If the solution is colored, add another 5−10 cmof concentrated nitric acid and repeat the evaporation. The glass is cooled, the side of the Cup then rinsed with water and evaporated to obtain a wet salts. After cooling, to the residue is added 7 cmof hydrochloric acid diluted 7:3, and heated until dissolved. The solution was transferred to a separatory funnel with a capacity of 100−150 cm, rinse the beaker 3 cmof hydrochloric acid diluted 7:3. When the mass fraction of antimony in excess of 0.005% solution transferred to an appropriate volumetric flask (see table) and diluted to the mark with hydrochloric acid diluted 7:3. In this case, select aliquot part of the solution in the separatory funnel with a capacity of 100−150 cmand then filled with hydrochloric acid diluted 7:3, up to 10 cm, add 1−2 drops of solution of tin dichloride to a bleaching solution, mix and leave for 1 min In a separating funnel add 1 cmof a solution of sodium attestatio, funnel closed with a stopper and shake for 2 min.
After 2 min add 1 cmof a solution of urea and stirred for 30 s. Then add 70 cmof water, 10 drops of a solution of crystal violet and mix. Add 25 cmof toluene and extracted for 1 min In another embodiment, added to 10 cmof hydrochloric acid solution in a separating funnel 0.5 cmof a solution of cerium (IV), stirring after 1 min. add 1 cmof a solution of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, stirred and, after 1 min, add 60 cmof water. The solution was stirred, was added 50 cmtoluene, 10 drops of a solution of crystal violet and extracted 1 min.
After phase separation, the lower aqueous layer is discarded and the organic layer is poured into a dry beaker with a capacity of 50 cmcontaining 0.3−0.5 g anhydrous sodium sulfate.
Measure the optical density of the extract on a photoelectrocolorimeter with a red light filter in the cell with thickness of the absorbing layer 2 cm or on the spectrophotometer at 610 nm in a cuvette with a thickness of absorbing layer 1 cm with a Solution of comparison is water.
Note. In that case, if the analysis will not be completed during the day, it can be interrupted after evaporation of a solution of sulfuric Ki
zlotoy.
2.1−2.3.1. (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
2.3.1 a. During the deposition of antimony hydroxide of manganese weighed bronze (see table) is placed in a beaker with a capacity of 250 cmand dissolved in 5−10 cmof nitric acid, diluted 1:1, when heated. After dissolution the solution is diluted with water to 100 cm. The resulting solution is neutralized with ammonia until the appearance of the precipitate copper hydroxide, which persisted during stirring (pH 3 by universal indicator paper) with a pipette add 0.5 cmof nitric acid, diluted 1:1, 1 cmof solution of potassium permanganate and the solution is heated nearly to boiling. Then add 5 cmof a solution of manganese sulfate and boiled for 2 min (at a mass proportion of manganese in the alloy more than 2%, a solution of sulphate of manganese is not added). The solution is kept for 1 h at 30−40 °C, after which the separated precipitate is filtered off on a tight filter and washed 4−5 times with hot nitric acid, diluted 1:100. The filter with precipitate was placed in a glass that has been used for the precipitation, add 10−15 cmof sulfuric acid, 20−25 cmof nitric acid and evaporate the solution to dense white smoke of sulfuric acid. If the remaining solution is colored, add another 5−10 cmof nitric acid and repeat the evaporation. After cooling, the side of the Cup then rinsed with water and evaporated the solution until wet salts, then do as mentioned in paragraph
(Added, Rev. N
1)
2.3.2. Construction of calibration curve
In a separating funnel with a capacity of 150 cmadministered: 0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0 and 2.5 cmof a solution of antimony and add hydrochloric acid diluted 7:3, up to 10 cm, add 1−2 drops of solution of tin dichloride, mix and leave for 1 min Then add 1 cmof a solution of nitrous acid sodium and then do as described in claim
2.4. Processing of the results
2.4.1. Mass fraction of antimony () in percent is calculated by the formula
,
where is the mass of antimony, was found in the calibration schedule g;
the weight of bronze, suitable aliquote part of the solution,
2.4.2. Discrepancies in the results of parallel definitions should not exceed the values of permissible differences (the rate of convergence for 3) specified in table.1.
Table 1
Mass fraction of SB, % |
, % |
, % |
From 0.001 to 0.005 incl. |
0,0005 |
0,0007 |
SV. 0,005 «0,01 « |
0,001 |
0,001 |
«To 0.01» to 0.025 « |
0,002 |
0,003 |
«Of 0.025» to 0.05 « |
0,004 |
0,006 |
«0,05» 0,10 « |
0,010 |
0,01 |
«To 0.10» to 0.20 « |
0,020 |
0,03 |
«To 0.20» to 0.60 « |
0,030 |
0,04 |
(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).
2.4.3. Discrepancies in the results analysis, obtained in two different laboratories or two of the results obtained in the same laboratory but under different conditions (a measure of reproducibility) shall not exceed the values specified in table.1.
2.4.4. Control of accuracy of analysis results is carried out according to State standard samples of tin bronzes, re-approved by GOST 8.315, or by additives or by comparison of the results obtained by atomic absorption method, in accordance with GOST 25086.
2.4.3,
3. EXTRACTION-PHOTOMETRIC METHOD for the DETERMINATION of ANTIMONY WITH BRILLIANT GREEN (0.2% to 0.6%)
3.1. The essence of the method
The method is based on extraction with toluene painted in the blue-green color hexachlorobuta brilliant green and measurement of the optical density of the extract. The method allows to determine the antimony in the background all components of bronze without their prior separation.
3.2. Apparatus, reagents and solutions
Photoelectrocolorimeter or spectrophotometer.
Nitric acid according to GOST 4461.
Hydrochloric acid according to GOST 3118, diluted 3:1 and 1:1.
Sulfuric acid according to GOST 4204, and diluted 1:5.
A mixture of acids, is prepared as follows: mix three parts concentrated sulfuric and one part concentrated nitric acid.
Tin dichloride at ND, a freshly prepared solution, 100 g/lin hydrochloric acid, diluted 1:1.
Sodium atomistically according to GOST 4197, solution 100 g/DM.
Urea according to GOST 6691, saturated solution; prepared as follows: 100 g of urea dissolved in 100 cmof hot water.
Sodium sulphate anhydrous according to GOST 4166.
Brilliant green solution 2 g/lin water.
Toluene according to GOST 5789.
Antimony GOST 1089, brand Su0 or Su00.
Standard solutions of antimony. Solution A, prepared as follows: 0.05 g of antimony is dissolved by heating in 25 cmconcentrated sulphuric acid. The solution was cooled, transferred to a volumetric flask with a capacity of 500 cm, made up to the mark with sulfuric acid diluted 1:5, and stirred.
1 cmof the solution contains 0.0001 g of antimony.
Solution B is prepared as follows: 10 cmof the solution And transferred to a volumetric flask with a capacity of 100 cm, made up to the mark with hydrochloric acid, diluted 3:1, and stirred. Solution B is prepared on the day of application.
1 cmof solution B contains 0,00001 g sur
my.
3.3. Analysis
3.3.1. 0.1 g of bronze was placed in a beaker with a capacity of 250 cm, add 8 cmof the mixture of acids, cover with a watch glass and dissolved under heating. After dissolution of the sample hour glass is then rinsed with water and the solution is evaporated until a white smoke of sulfuric acid. After cooling, rinse walls of beaker and watch glass with a little water and repeat the evaporation. To the residue carefully poured 20 cmof hydrochloric acid, diluted 3:1, dissolved salts, and the solution was transferred to volumetric flask with a capacity of 100 cm, made up to the mark with hydrochloric acid, diluted 3:1, and stirred.
In a separating funnel with a capacity of 100−150 cmtaken 5 cmof the resulting solution, add two drops of solution of tin dichloride, mix and leave for 1 min and Then injected 1 cmof solution azotistykh sodium, mixed well and left for 5 min. then add 1 cmof a solution of urea, mix 30 s and diluted with water to 50 cm. Then injected 1 cmof solution of brilliant green, 30 cmof toluene and extracted for 1 min.
After separation of phases the lower aqueous layer discarded, and the organic layer is poured into a dry beaker with a capacity of 50 cmcontaining 0.3−0.5 g anhydrous sodium sulfate. After 10 minutes measure the optical density on the spectrophotometer at 640 nm or photoelectrocolorimeter with a red light filter in the cuvette with 1 cm Mortar comparison is a t
alwal.
3.3.2. Construction of calibration curve
In a separating funnel with a capacity of 100 cmadministered 0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3,0 and 3.5 cmstandard solution B is poured antimony and hydrochloric acid, diluted 3:1, up to 5 cm. Then add two drops of solution of tin dichloride, mix and leave for 1 minutes then insert 1 cmof a solution of sodium attestatio and then do as described in claim
3.4. Processing of the results
3.4.1. Mass fraction of antimony () in percent is calculated by the formula
,
where is the mass of antimony, was found in the calibration schedule g;
— the weight of the portion corresponding to aliquote part of the solution,
3.4.2. Discrepancies in the results of parallel definitions should not exceed the values of permissible differences (the rate of convergence for 3) specified in table.1.
(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).
3.4.3. Discrepancies in the results analysis, obtained in two different laboratories or two of the results obtained in the same laboratory but under different conditions (a measure of reproducibility) shall not exceed the values specified in table.1.
3.4.4. Control of accuracy of analysis results is carried out according to State standard samples of tin bronzes, re-approved by GOST 8.315, or by additives or by comparison of the results obtained by atomic absorption method, in accordance with GOST 25086.
3.4.3,
4. ATOMIC ABSORPTION METHOD for the DETERMINATION of ANTIMONY (from 0.001% to 0.05%)
4.1.The essence of the method
The method is based on measuring the absorption of light by atoms of antimony, formed by the introduction of the analyzed solution in the flame acetylene-air after prior extraction of antimony by its coprecipitation with manganese dioxide.
4.2. Apparatus, reagents and solutions
Atomic absorption spectrometer with a radiation source for antimony.
Nitric acid according to GOST 4461 diluted 1:1 and 1.5 mol/DMsolution.
Sulfuric acid according to GOST 4204, diluted 1:1, 1:4 and 2.5 mol/DMsolution.
Hydrochloric acid according to GOST 3118, 1 mole/DMsolution.
Hydrofluoric acid according to GOST 10484.
Ammonia water according to GOST 3760.
Manganese nitrate for ND, a solution of 20 g/DM.
Potassium permanganate according to GOST 20490, a solution of 10 g/DM.
Hydrogen peroxide (perhydrol) according to GOST 10929.
Antimony GOST 1089 with a mass fraction of antimony is not less than 99.9%.
Standard solutions of antimony.
Solution A, prepared as follows: 0.25 g of antimony is dissolved by heating in 10 cmof concentrated sulfuric acid, the solution was cooled, transferred to a volumetric flask with a capacity of 500 cmand topped to the mark of 2.5 mol/DMsulfuric acid solution.
1 cmof the solution contains 0.0005 g of antimony.
Solution B is prepared as follows:
10 cmsolution And placed in a volumetric flask with a capacity of 100 cmand topped to the mark of 2.5 mol/DMsulfuric acid solution.
1 cmof solution B contains 0,00005 g
antimony.
4.3. Analysis
4.3.1. For bronzes with a mass fraction of silicon is less than 0.05%
The weight of bronze weighing 2 g were placed in a glass with a capacity of 250 cmand dissolved by heating in 20 cmof nitric acid, diluted 1:1. Nitrogen oxides are removed by boiling and the solution diluted with water to a volume of 50 cm.
Add 5 cmof a solution of nitrate of manganese, the solution is neutralized with ammonia until the appearance of the precipitate copper hydroxide, add 18 cmof nitric acid, diluted 1:1, and water to a volume of 90 cm. The solution is heated to boiling, add 10 cmof a solution of potassium permanganate, and boil for 2 min. after 30 min the precipitate was filtered off on a tight filter and washed the beaker and the precipitate 4−5 times a hot 1.5 mol/DMsolution of nitric acid. The deployed filter is washed with water in a glass, which conducted the deposition, the filter is washed with 10 cmof hot sulfuric acid solution, diluted 1:4 with a few drops of hydrogen peroxide solution and then with water. The washed filter is discarded and the solution was evaporated to wet salts. After cooling, add 8 cm1 mol/DMhydrochloric acid solution; when the mass fraction of antimony less than 0.02% solution transferred to a volumetric flask or graduated tube with a capacity of 10 cm, while the mass fraction of antimony in excess of 0.02% solution transferred to a volumetric flask with a capacity of 25 cmand topped to the mark of 1 mol/DMhydrochloric acid solution. Measure the atomic absorption of antimony in the flame acetylene-air at a wavelength of 217,6 or the amount of 231.1 nm in parallel with the calibration of the races
torami.
4.3.2. For bronzes, with a mass fraction of silicon in excess of 0.05%
The weight of bronze weighing 2 g was placed in a platinum Cup and dissolved by heating in 20 cmof nitric acid, diluted 1:1, and 2 cmhydrofluoric acid. After dissolution, add 10 cmsulphuric acid diluted 1:1, and the solution was evaporated until a white smoke of sulfuric acid. The residue is cooled, rinse the walls of the Cup with water and evaporated again until a white smoke of sulfuric acid. The residue is cooled, the walls of the Cup should be rinsed with 20 cmof water, heat the solution transferred to a beaker with a capacity of 250 cm, top up with water to a volume of 50 cm, add 5 cmof a solution of manganese nitrate and further analysis are as indicated in claim 5.3.1
.
4.3.3. Construction of calibration curve
In seven of eight glasses with a capacity of 250 cmis placed 0,4; 1,0; 2,0; 4,0; 6,0; 8,0 and 10.0 cmstandard solution B.
In all the cups add water to a volume of 50 cm, add 5 cmof a solution of manganese nitrate and further analysis are as indicated in claim
4.4. Processing of the results
4.4.1. Mass fraction of antimony () in percent is calculated by the formula
,
where is the concentration of antimony was found in the calibration schedule, g/cm;
— the volume of the final sample solution, cm;
— the weight of the portion,
4.1−4.4.1. (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
4.4.2. Discrepancies in the results of parallel definitions should not exceed the values of permissible differences (the rate of convergence for 3) specified in table.1.
(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).
4.4.3. Discrepancies in the results analysis, obtained in two different laboratories or two of the results obtained in the same laboratory but under different conditions (a measure of reproducibility) shall not exceed the values specified in table.1.
4.4.4. Control of accuracy of analysis results is carried out according to State standard samples of tin bronzes, re-approved by GOST 8.315, or a comparison of the results obtained for extraction-photometric method according to GOST 25086.
4.4.3,
5. ATOMIC ABSORPTION METHOD for the DETERMINATION of ANTIMONY (from 0.05% to 0.6%)
5.1.The essence of the method
The method is based on measuring the absorption of light by atoms of antimony, formed by the introduction of the analyzed solution in the flame acetylene-air.
5.2. Apparatus, reagents and solutions
Atomic absorption spectrometer with a radiation source for antimony.
Nitric acid according to GOST 4461.
Hydrochloric acid according to GOST 3118 and 2 mol/land 1 mol/DMsolutions.
The mixture of acids to dissolve is prepared as follows: the amount of nitric acid mixed with three volumes of hydrochloric acid.
Sulfuric acid according to GOST 4204.
Antimony GOST 1089 with a mass fraction of antimony is not less than 99.9%.
Standard solution of antimony is prepared as follows: 0.25 g of antimony is dissolved by heating in 10 cmof sulphuric acid, the solution was cooled, diluted with 2 mol/DMhydrochloric acid solution, transferred to a volumetric flask with a capacity of 500 cmand topped to the mark with 2 mol/DMhydrochloric acid solution.
1 cmof the solution contains 0.0005 g of antimony
.
5.3. Analysis
5.3.1. The sample of bronze with a weight of 1 g was placed in a beaker with a capacity of 250 cmand dissolved by heating in 10 cmof a mixture of acids. The solution was cooled, transferred to a volumetric flask with a capacity of 100 cmand topped to the mark of 1 mol/DMhydrochloric acid solution.
Measure the atomic absorption of antimony in the flame acetylene-air at a wavelength of 217,6 or the amount of 231.1 nm parallel to the calibration solutions.
5.3.2. Construction of calibration curve
In nine out of ten volumetric flasks with a capacity of 100 cmplaced 0,4; 1,0; 2,0; 4,0; 6,0; 8,0; 10,0; 12,0 and 14.0 cmstandard solution of antimony and topped to the mark with 2 mol/DMhydrochloric acid solution. Measure the atomic absorption of antimony as specified in clause
5.4. Processing of the results
5.4.1. Mass fraction of antimony () in percent is calculated by the formula
,
where is the concentration of antimony was found in the calibration schedule, g/cm;
— the volume of the final sample solution, cm;
— the weight of the portion,
5.1−5.4.1. (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).
5.4.2. Discrepancies in the results of parallel definitions should not exceed the values of permissible differences (the rate of convergence for 3) specified in table.1.
(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).
5.4.3. Discrepancies in the results of the analysis or of the two results obtained in the same laboratory but under different conditions (a measure of reproducibility) shall not exceed the values specified in table.1.
5.4.4. Control of accuracy of analysis results is carried out according to State standard samples of tin bronzes, re-approved by GOST 8.315, or a comparison of the results obtained by any of the photometric methods in accordance with GOST 25086.
5.4.3,