GOST 21448-75

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  ГОСТ 21448-75

GOST 21448−75 alloyed Powders for welding Deposit. Specifications (with Amendments No. 1, 2, 3)

GOST 21448−75

Group В05

STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR

ALLOYED POWDERS FOR WELDING DEPOSIT

Specifications

Alloyed powders for welding deposit. Specifications

OKP 19 7211 8000

Date of introduction 1977−01−01

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Ministry of metallurgy of the USSR

DEVELOPERS

V. I. Veprintsev, V. P. A. Kiselev-Lyamin, A. S., Antioco, V. N. Braschin, V. A. Ermakov, L. V. Mikhailova

2. APPROVED AND promulgated by the Decree of the State Committee of standards of Ministerial Council of the USSR from 31.12.75 N 4113

3. INSTEAD, GOST 11545−65 in part powders

4. REFERENCE NORMATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

The designation of the reference document referenced	Item number
GOST 12.1.004−91	1A.4
GOST 12.1.007−76	1a.1; 1a.2
GOST 12.4.010−75	1A.5
GOST 12.4.011−89	1A.5
GOST 12.4.028−76	1A.5
GOST 380−88	4.7.1
GOST 1050−88	4.7.1
GOST 2424−83	4.7.1
GOST 2991−85	5.2 a
GOST 3282−74	5.4
GOST 3560−73	5.4
GOST 3647−80	4.1.1, 4.3.1
GOST 5457−75	4.7.1
GOST 5583−78	4.7.1
GOST 6613−86	2.2; 4.3; 4.3.1
GOST 7930−73	5.2
GOST 9013−59	4.7.2
GOST 9078−84	5.4
GOST 11930.0−79 — GOST 11930.11−79	4.2
GOST 14192−77	5.3
GOST 15150−69	5.6; 5.7
GOST 15846−79	5.1
GOST 18118−79	4.7.1
GOST 19903−74	5.1
GOST 21650−76	5.4
GOST 23932−90	4.5.1
GOST 24597−81	5.4
GOST 26663−85	5.4

5. The expiration time limit is removed by the Resolution of Gosstandart of the USSR from 05.04.91 N 449

6. REPRINT (April 1993), with Amendments No. 1, 2, 3, approved in July 1981, September 1986, April 1991 (IUS N 10−81, 11−86, 7−91)


This standard covers powders of alloys, for surfacing and spraying of wear resistant layers on machine parts and equipment, working in conditions of abrasive wear, corrosion, erosion at elevated temperatures or in aggressive environments.

The requirements of this standard are mandatory.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2, 3).

1. BRAND

1.1. Depending on the chemical composition of the alloyed powders for welding manufactures the following brands:

PG-С27 (type PN-У40Х28Н2С2ВМ), PG-УС25 (type PN-У50Х38Н), PG-ФБХ6−2 (type PN-У45Х35ГСР), PG-АН1 (type PN-У25Х30СР), PG-CP2 (type PN-ХН80С2Р2), PG-CP3 (type PN-ХН80С3Р3), PG-CP4 (type PN-ХН80С4Р4).

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3),

1.2. Depending on the granulometric composition of powders from alloys for surfacing manufactures the following classes: large (), medium ©, small (M) and very fine (OHMS).

1.3. In the legend of powders from alloys for surfacing please indicate the brand for chemical composition, then the class for grading.

For example, powder alloys for welding brand PG-С27, major is designated PG-С27 To GOST 21448−75.

1.4. The scope of application of powder alloys for welding are specified in the recommended application.

1A. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

1a.1. The degree of impact on the human body powders for surfacing iron-based non-toxic; Nickel-based belong to the II class of toxicity and hazard established in GOST 12.1.007−76.

1A.2. The maximum allowable concentration of component powders for welding in air in the form of dust is Nickel 0.05 mg/m.

Monitoring of air environment — according to GOST 12.1.007−76.

1A.3. Powdered granulated welding alloys do not form toxic compounds in aerial environment and waste waters, soluble in acids.

1A.4. Powdered hardfacing alloy, flame retardant in accordance with GOST 12.1.004−91.

1A.5. Working have to apply individual means of protection according to GOST 12.4.011−89, the respirator «Petal» according to GOST 12.4.028−76, mittens according to GOST 12.4.010−75.

Sec. 1A. (Added, Rev. N 2).

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. Alloyed powders for welding Deposit made in accordance with the requirements of this standard for technological regulations approved in the prescribed manner.

Chemical composition of powders from alloys for surfacing should conform to the standards specified in table.1.

2.2. Granulometric composition of powders from alloys for surfacing should conform to the standards specified in table.2.

2.3. Humidity of powder alloys for welding should not exceed 0.1%.

2.4. Form of particles small and very small powder alloys for welding Nickel-base needs to be spherical or rounded.

2.5. Alloyed powders for welding based on iron should be magnetic.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

Table 1

Brand	Chemical composition, %
The main components
Basis	Carbon	Chrome	Silicon	Manganese	Nickel
PG-С27	Iron	3,3−4,5	25,0−28,0	1,0−2,0	0,8−1,5	1,5−2,0
PG-УС25	The same	4,4−5,4	35,0−41,0	1,6−2,6	No more than 2.5	1,0−1,8
PG-ФБХ6 — 2	«	3,5−5,5	32,0−37,0	1,0−2,5	1,5−4,0	-
PG-АН1	«	2,0−2,8	26,0−32,0	1,5−2,5	0,5−1,5	-
PG-CP2	Nickel	0,2−0,5	12−15	2.0 to 3.0	-	-
PG-CP3	The same	0,4−0,7	13,5−16,5	2,5−3,5	-	-
PG-CP4	«	0,6−1,0	15−18	3,0−4,5	-	-

Extension table 1

Brand	Chemical composition, %
The main components				Impurity, not more than
Tungsten	Molybdenum	Bor	Iron	Sulfur	Phosphorus
PG-С27	0,2−0,4	0,08−0,15	-	-	0,07	0,06
PG-УС25	-	-	-	-	0,07	0,06
PG-ФБХ6−2	-	-	1,3−2,0	-	0,07	0,06
PG-АН1	-	-	1,2−1,8	-	0,07	0,06
PG-CP2	-	-	1,5−2,1	Not more than 5.0	0,04	0,04
PG-CP3	-	-	2,0−2,8	Not more than 5.0	0,04	0,04
PG-CP4	-	-	2,8−3,8	Not more than 5.0	0,04	0,04

Note. Codes brands of powders for surfacing are given in mandatory Appendix 2.


(Changed edition, Rev. N 1, 2, 3).

Table 2

Sieve residue, %, not less			Passing through the sieve, %, not less
Class	Particle size, mm	Rooms meshes according to GOST 6613−86			The numbers of grids for GOST 6613−86
0,8	0,4	0,16	1,6	1,25	1,0	0,8	0,5	0,4	0,16
To	1,25−0,8	85	-	-	100	95	-	-	-	-	-
With	0,8−0,4	-	87	-	-	-	100	95	-	-	-
M	0,4−0,6	-	-	90	-	-	-	-	100	95	-
OM	Less than 0.16	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	100

2.6. The hardness of the deposited layer should conform to the standards specified in table.3.

Table 3

Mark	Hardness HRCnot less than
PG-С27	54,2
PG-УС25	55,9
PG-ФБХ6−2	53,2
PG-CP2	36,5
PG-CP3	46,4
PG-CP4	55,9
PG-АН1	54,0

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2, 3).

3. ACCEPTANCE RULES

3.1. Alloyed powders for welding Deposit taking parties. The party consists of powders of the same brand and decorated with a single document about quality that contains:

trademark or a trademark and the name of the manufacturer;

the brand of the powder;

batch number;

the gross and net weight;

the date of issue;

the designation of this standard;

stamp of technical control.

The weight of the batch of powders from alloys for welding based on iron should be no more than 3000 kg.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2, 3).

3.2. To determine the quality of powders from alloys for surfacing the selected sample in accordance with table.4.

Table 4

The number of cells in a controlled party	The number of cans that must be sampled
1−5	All
6−15	5
16−35	7
36−60	8
61−99	9
100−149	10

3.3. The content of manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphorus and sulfur is ensured by the fabrication technology and is determined by the requirement of the user.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

3.4. If unsatisfactory test results of at least one of the indicators it is carried out re-testing at twice the sample from the same batch of powders from alloys for surfacing. The results of repeated tests apply to the entire party.

4. TEST METHODS

4.1. Sampling and sample preparation

4.1.1. Of each taken for the test, banks are taking away the point test probe according to GOST 3647−80.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

4.1.2. Selected samples are combined, thoroughly mixed and reduced by desyatiballnoy the divider (Fig.1) to the average sample weight of not less than 600 g.

1 — collector; 2 — pouring trough; 3 — chamber; 4 — charging device

Damn.1

4.1.3. An average sample is divided into two parts, one of which weighing not less than 200 g were subjected to the tests, and the other is kept for three months in case of differences in the assessment of quality.

4.2. The main components and impurities determined according to GOST 11930.0−79 -11930.11 GOST-79.

You can define the content of the main components of powders of alloys for surfacing spectral method.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

4.3. Determination of granulometric composition

Particle size distribution determined by sifting the sample weighing not less than 100 g using sieves according to GOST 6613−86.

4.3.1. Equipment

Mechanical scrambler.

Technical scale with an accuracy of weighing 0.1 g.

A set of sieves according to GOST 6613−86.

4.3.2. Analysis

A sample weight of 100 g sieved through the appropriate sieves on a mechanical shaker with a speed of (250±50) rpm and number of shakes 140±10 per minute. The sieving time 5 min.

The residue on the sieves and the pan was determined by weighing on technical balance with an accuracy of at least 0.1 g.

Allowed the manufacturer to conduct the analysis on a mechanical shaker at a frequency of sieves per minute 300±10 and bumps the lever 180±10.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

4.3.3. Processing of the results

The contents of individual fractions () in percent is calculated by the formula

.

where is the mass of this fraction, g;

 — mass of test sample, g.

4.4. The shape of the particle powders of alloys for welding is determined by inspection of the sample using a magnifying glass or device with 4x magnification.

4.5. Determination of moisture

The method is based on the mass loss of the powders of alloys for surfacing by drying.

4.5.1. Equipment

Analytical scale with a weighing error of no more than 0,0002 g.

Drying Cabinet, providing temperature (120±10) °C.

Boxy for weighing according to GOST 23932−90.

4.5.2. Analysis

The weighed powders of alloys for surfacing of mass 100 g is weighed in buxa with a maximum error of 0.0002 g. Open buxu placed in a drying Cabinet with a temperature of 105−115 °C and held for 30 min. Then buxu cool in desiccator, cover and weigh. Drying is repeated until obtaining constant weight of the sample.

4 5.3. Processing of the results

Moisture content () in percent is calculated by the formula

,

where is the mass of sample before drying, g;

 — weight of sample after drying, g.

4.6. Determination of the magnetic properties of powders alloys for surfacing produced by the method approved in the prescribed manner.

4.7. Hardness

The method is based on induction or gas surfacing powders on three samples with subsequent measurement of the hardness of the deposited layer.

For powders based on iron, the hardness of the deposited layer was determined after induction surfacing samples for alloys based on Nickel — after gas welding.

4.7.1. Equipment and materials

Tube generator LPZ-2−67 or other similar type.

A coil consisting of copper tubes with an outer diameter of 10−15 mm and a wall thickness of 2−3 mm or copper strips with thickness of 2−4 mm.

Burner type GAL with tip # 4.

Grinding wheels, green silicon carbide hardness M1, M2, M3, CM1 according to GOST 18118−79 and grit 25−16 and 40−25 according to GOST 2424−83.

Compressed gases — oxygen of GOST 5583−78 and acetylene according to GOST 5457−75.

Samples of steel grade St45 according to GOST 1050−88 steel grade or St3 according to GOST 380−88*.
______________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST 380−94. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

The differences in quality evaluation sample should be from steel St45 (damn.2).

Damn.2

4.7.2 testing

Induction welding is produced under the following conditions:

anode voltage, kV	7−8,5
anode current, And	4−5
grid current, And	0,7−1,0
the heating time	to completely melt the alloy

Gas welding is produced to a thickness of the deposited layer of 1.2−1.5 mm under the following conditions:

the oxygen pressure at the inlet to the burner, kgf/cm	2−4
the pressure of the acetylene on the inlet to the burner, kgf/cm	0,1−0,25
oxygen consumption, l/h	430−750
consumption acetylene l/h	400−700
consumption of the alloy, g/min	up to 40

The surface of the deposited layer is treated with abrasive tool of green silicon carbide. The thickness of the deposited layer after treatment shall be not less than 1.0 mm.

The hardness of the deposited layer is determined according to GOST 9013−59, scale C, load 150 kgs.

On each sample produced five dimensions.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

4.7.3. Processing of the results

For the final test result should be the arithmetic mean of the results of 15 measurements.

5. MARKING, PACKAGING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

5.1. Alloyed powders for welding Deposit is Packed in hermetically sealed cans from sheet roofing steel according to GOST 19903−74.

The gross mass of metal cans should not exceed 50 kg.

Packing of powders from alloys for surfacing, are designed for areas far North and remote areas shall be in accordance with the requirements of GOST 15846−79*, group «Metals and metal products."
______________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST 15846−2002. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1, 2).

5.1. In each jar put a document indicating:

trademark or a trademark and the name of the manufacturer;

mixture brand and batch number;

net mass, kg;

of the test results;

date of issue;

designation of this standard.

On the lid of each jar is stamped with specifying the data, except the test results.

(Added, Rev. N 2).

5.2. Each jar of powder tag paint-enamel according to GOST 7930−73 with the application for forming banks strips in the following colors:

Grade	Color stripes
PG-С27	yellow
PG-УС25	two yellow
PG-ФБХ6−2	white
PG-АН1	brown
PG-CP2	one red
PG-CP3	two red
PG-CP4	three red

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

5 2A. The banks are Packed in wooden boxes of GOST 2991−85 (V-1). Between the banks put a wooden strip, which excludes the possibility of their displacement during transportation. The mass of the box should not be more than 100 kg.

(Added, Rev. N 2).

5.3. Cargo marking and handling the sign «Afraid of dampness» — according to GOST 14192−77*.
______________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST 14192−96. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

5.4. Packed powder alloys for welding transporterowych by all kinds of transport in covered vehicles in accordance with the rules of cargo transportation applicable to transportation of this species. When transporting by rail — carload shipments.

Consolidation packages in overpacks — GOST 26663−85 for mechanical loading. The boxes shall be sealed in accordance with trebovaniyami 21650−76 (steel tape according to GOST 3560−73, or wire according to GOST 3282−74) and mounted on pallets according to GOST 9078−84. Basic parameters and dimensions of pack — graveyard 24597−81. Transport packages must be wrapped in longitudinal and transverse directions.

5.3, 5.4. (Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

5.5. (Deleted, Rev. N 2).

5.6. Transportation of powder alloys for welding in the impact of climatic factors — according to GOST 15150−69, group storage conditions 5 (ОЖ4).

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

5.7. Storage of powder alloys for welding — according to GOST 15150−69, group storage conditions L.

ANNEX 1 (recommended). THE SCOPE OF THE POWDERS OF ALLOYS FOR SURFACING

ANNEX 1
Recommended

Brand	Types	Application
PG-С27	MON-У40Х28Н2С2ВМ	For surfacing of details of the metallurgical and power equipment, agricultural machines etc operating in conditions of abrasive wear at temperatures up to 500 °C with moderate shock loads
PG-УС25	MON-У50Х38Н	For surfacing parts of agricultural machines etc operating in conditions of intensive abrasive wear without impact
PG-ФБХ6−2	MON-У45Х35ГСР	For surfacing of parts of the coal-mining and peat processing equipment, working in conditions of abrasive wear
PG-АН1	MON-У25Х30СР	For surfacing of metallurgical equipment components, agricultural and construction machinery, etc., working in conditions of abrasive wear with moderate impacts
PG-CP2 PG-CP3	MON-ХН80С2Р2 MON-ХН80С3Р3	For welding and spraying parts sealing surfaces of valves for thermal and nuclear power plants subjected to abrasion when heated to 600 °C and aggressive media
PG-CP4	MON-ХН80С4Р4	For welding and spraying of parts exposed to intensive wear at temperatures up to 600 °C and aggressive media

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2, 3).

ANNEX 2 (mandatory). OKP codes

ANNEX 2
Mandatory

Marking stamps	OKP code	Class of powder on particle size distribution:
PG-С27	19 7211 8071	Large (K)
PG-УС25	19 7211 8073
PG-ФБХ6−2	19 7211 8074
PG-АН1	19 7211 8075
PG-CP2	19 7211 8076
PG-SRZ	19 7211 8077
PG-CP4	19 7211 8078
PG-С27	19 7211 8111	Average (With)
PG-УС25	19 7211 8113
PG-ФБХ6−2	19 7211 8114
PG-АН1	19 7211 8115
PG-CP2	19 7211 8116
PG-SRZ	19 7211 8117
PG-CP4	19 7211 8118
PG-С27	19 7211 8142	Small (M)
PG-УС25	19 7211 8144
PG-ФБХ6−2	19 7211 8145
PG-АН1	19 7211 8146
PG-CP2	19 7211 8147
PG-CP3	19 7211 8148
PG-CP4	19 7211 8149
PG-С27	19 7211 8171	Very small (OM)
PG-УС25	19 7211 8173
PG-ФБХ6−2	19 8174 7211
PG-CP2	19 7211 8176
PG-CP3	19 7211 8177
PG-CP4	19 7211 8178
PG-АН1	19 7211 8175