Steel 45
Steel 38 (38-PV)
Steel 20-KS
20-KHS steel
20K steel
Steel 20kp
20ps steel
20YuA steel
20YUCH steel (20YUCH)
Steel 22ZhR
22K Steel
Steel 25
Steel 25ps
Steel 30
Steel 35
Steel 20 (20A; 20B)
Steel 40 (40A)
Steel 43 (43-PV)
Steel 45
Steel 45T (45ST)
Steel 50
Steel 54 (54pp)
Steel 55
Steel 58 (55pp)
Steel 60
Steel 60pp (60pp-PV)
Steel 90 (BP5)
Steel D
Steel DB
E55 steel (NIPRA)
Steel 11kp
Steel 0501
Steel 05kp
Steel 08
Steel 08kp
08ps steel
Steel 08Fkp
Steel 08U (08UA; 08U2 (08U2A))
08YUP steel
08YuPR steel
Steel 10
10kp steel
10ps steel
10YuA (10Yu) steel
18YuA steel
Steel 11MTUA
11YuA steel
12K Steel
Steel 15 (15A)
15K Steel
Steel 15kp
15ps steel
15FSA steel
15YuA steel
16GNMA steel
16K Steel
18K Steel
18kp steel
Designation
| Name | The value |
|---|---|
| Designation GOST Cyrillic | 45 |
| Designation GOST Latin | 45 |
| Transliteration | 45 |
| The chemical elements | 45 |
Description
45 steel is used: for the manufacture of shaft-gear, crankshaft and camshafts, gears, spindles, tires, cylinders, Cams, and other normalized, and improve poverhnosti subjected to the heat treatment of the part that requires increased durability; shaft, extension shaft and disc thrust bearings for hydro generators; parts of pipeline valves after quenching and tempering; seamless tubes for the manufacture of parts and structures in motovelotehnika; solid-rolled rings for different purposes; the wire used for the manufacture of spokes of motorcycles and bicycles; remisol heat-treated tin-plated wire, designed for the manufacture of galev to reminyl devices looms.
Note
The degree of deoxidation — SP.
Standards
| Name | Code | Standards |
|---|---|---|
| Sectional and shaped rolling | В32 | GOST 1050-88, GOST 7417-75, GOST 8559-75, GOST 8560-78, GOST 10702-78, GOST 14955-77, GOST 1050-2013, OST 1 92049-76, TU 14-1-5414-2001, TU 3-168-82, TU 14-1-2118-77, TU 14-1-2330-77, TU 14-1-2898-80, TU 14-1-3651-83, TU 14-1-4049-85, TU 14-1-495-73, TU 14-178-181-89, TU 14-11-245-88, TU 14-1-2381-78, TU 14-1-1271-75, TU 14-136-367-2008 |
| Sheets and stripes | В33 | GOST 1577-93, TU 14-1-197-72, TU 14-125-661-93, TU 14-1-2579-78, TU 14-132-181-90, TU 14-1-4219-87, TU 14-1-4516-88, TU 14-1-5036-91, TU 14-2-268-77, TU 114-125-661-93 |
| Tapes | В34 | GOST 2284-79, TU 14-4-527-74 |
| Steel wire medium- and high-carbon | В72 | GOST 3110-74, GOST 3920-70, GOST 7372-79, GOST 9161-85, GOST 9389-75, GOST 9850-72, GOST 17305-91, GOST 26366-84 |
| Pipes steel and connecting parts to them | В62 | GOST 3262-75, GOST 8639-82, GOST 8642-68, GOST 8644-68, GOST 8645-68, GOST 8646-68, GOST 8732-78, GOST 8734-75, GOST 9567-75, GOST 12132-66, GOST 13663-86, GOST 20295-85, GOST 21729-76, GOST 23270-89, GOST 24950-81, GOST 8733-87, GOST 8731-87, GOST 13664-68, GOST Р 53383-2009, TU 14-3-1428-86, TU 14-3-1444-86, TU 14-3-1473-87, TU 14-3-675-78, TU 14-3-463-2005, TU 14-3-473-76, TU 14-159-246-94, TU 14-3Р-51-2001, TU 14-3Р-50-2001, TU 14-3-1654-89 |
| Tapes | В24 | GOST 3560-73 |
| Sectional and shaped rolling | В22 | GOST 5422-73, GOST 8239-89, GOST 8240-97, GOST 8278-83, GOST 8281-80, GOST 8282-83, GOST 8283-93, GOST 8319.0-75, GOST 8319.2-75, GOST 8319.5-75, GOST 8319.6-75, GOST 8319.8-75, GOST 8319.11-75, GOST 8319.12-75, GOST 8320.0-83, GOST 8509-93, GOST 8510-86, GOST 9234-74, GOST 11474-76, GOST 12492.8-90, GOST 2590-2006, GOST 2591-2006, GOST 2879-2006, OST 5.9087-84, TU 14-1-788-73 |
| Low-carbon steel wire | В71 | GOST 5663-79 |
| Sheets and stripes | В23 | GOST 82-70, GOST 14918-80, GOST 16523-97, GOST 19903-74, GOST 16523-89, GOST 16523-70, GOST 103-2006, GOST 19903-90, TU 14-1-1934-76, TU 14-1-4632-93 |
| Metal forming. Forgings | В03 | GOST 8479-70, OST 5Р.9125-84, TU 108-11-910-87, TU 108.11.399-87, ST ЦКБА 010-2004 |
| Bulls. Blanks. Slabs | В31 | OST 3-1686-90, TU 108.11.890-87, TU 14-1-4944-90, TU 14-1-4992-91, TU 1-92-156-90 |
| Thermal and thermochemical treatment of metals | В04 | ST ЦКБА 026-2005 |
Mechanical characteristics
| Section, mm | t отпуска, °C | sT|s0,2, MPa | σB, MPa | d5, % | d4 | d | y, % | kJ/m2, кДж/м2 | Brinell hardness number, MPa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wire for cold heading as supplied by GOST 5663-79 | |||||||||
| - | - | - | 560-710 | - | - | - | ≥55 | - | - |
| - | - | - | ≤740 | - | - | - | ≥40 | - | - |
| Hot-rolled steel and hot rolled with special surface finish | |||||||||
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ≤229 |
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ≤170 |
| Steel calibrated and calibrated with special surface finish | |||||||||
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ≤241 |
| - | - | - | ≤590 | - | - | - | ≥40 | - | ≤207 |
| Tubes seamless cold - and hot-deformed in the delivery condition heat-treated (NV - wall > 10 mm) | |||||||||
| - | ≥323 | ≥588 | ≥14 | - | - | - | - | ≤207 | |
| Cold-rolled steel strip of 0.1-4.0 mm in the delivery state according to GOST 2284-79 | |||||||||
| - | - | - | 690-1030 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| - | - | - | 440-690 | - | ≥14 | - | - | - | - |
| - | - | - | 440-600 | - | ≥14 | - | - | - | - |
| Ring forged in OST 1 92049-76. Normalization | |||||||||
| 25 | - | ≥335 | ≥570 | ≥12 | - | - | ≥32 | ≥363 | - |
| Pipe seamless cold drawn, cold rolled and toplocatie, heat-treated in the delivery condition according to GOST 21729-76 | |||||||||
| - | - | ≥588 | ≥14 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Forgings. Hardening + Vacation | |||||||||
| 300-500 | - | ≥275 | ≥530 | ≥15 | - | - | ≥29 | - | 156-197 |
| Forgings. Normalization | |||||||||
| 100-300 | - | ≥245 | ≥470 | ≥19 | - | - | ≥42 | - | 143-179 |
| 300-500 | - | ≥245 | ≥470 | ≥17 | - | - | ≥35 | - | 143-179 |
| 500-800 | - | ≥245 | ≥470 | ≥15 | - | - | ≥30 | - | 143-179 |
| 100-300 | - | ≥275 | ≥530 | ≥17 | - | - | ≥34 | - | 156-197 |
| 100 | - | ≥275 | ≥530 | ≥20 | - | - | ≥44 | - | 156-197 |
| Hot-rolled sheet in the delivery condition. Group strength К490В | |||||||||
| ≤2 | - | - | 490-720 | - | ≥12 | - | - | - | - |
| 2-3.9 | - | - | 490-720 | - | ≥13 | - | - | - | - |
| Cold-rolled sheet in the delivery condition. Group strength К490В | |||||||||
| ≤2 | - | - | 490-720 | - | ≥13 | - | - | - | - |
| 2-3.9 | - | - | 490-720 | - | ≥14 | - | - | - | - |
| Without heat treatment - delivery condition | |||||||||
| ≤80 | - | - | ≥590 | ≥18 | - | - | - | - | - |
| 6-25 | - | - | ≥600 | ≥16 | - | - | ≥40 | - | - |
| Procurement of parts of pipeline fittings from rolled and stamped. Quenching in water from 830-860 °C (exposure for 2.5-4.0 hours depending on the thickness and weight of the workpiece) with the subsequent vacation | |||||||||
| 120 | 560-600 | ≥440 | ≥676 | ≥17 | - | - | ≥40 | ≥481 | 197-235 |
| 40 | 350-400 | ≥785 | ≥930 | ≥12 | - | - | ≥40 | ≥481 | 293-331 |
| 50 | 540-560 | ≥540 | ≥785 | ≥10 | - | - | ≥40 | ≥481 | 223-262 |
| Bars grooved and g/K. Without heat treatment - as supplied | |||||||||
| ≤60 | - | ≥315 | 590-830 | ≥13 | - | - | ≥40 | - | ≤170 |
| Tubes profile hot - and cold-rolling or heat-treated after heating as supplied according to GOST 13663-86 | |||||||||
| - | ≥323 | ≥549 | ≥14 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Rolled steel. Hardening in water from 850 °C + Vacation at 550 °C. the Samples were cut out from the center of the workpiece | |||||||||
| 15-30 | - | ≥540 | ≥730 | ≥15 | - | - | ≥45 | ≥765 | - |
| 30-75 | - | ≥440 | ≥690 | ≥14 | - | - | ≥40 | ≥579 | - |
| 75-100 | - | ≥440 | ≥690 | ≥13 | - | - | ≥40 | ≥481 | - |
| 15 | - | ≥640 | ≥780 | ≥16 | - | - | ≥50 | ≥961 | - |
| Steel, hot-rolled, forged, calibrated and silverfish 2nd category. Normalization | |||||||||
| ≤25 | - | - | ≥600 | ≥16 | - | - | ≥40 | - | - |
| Steel grooved 5 category nagarebana | |||||||||
| - | - | - | ≥640 | ≥6 | - | - | ≥30 | - | - |
| Forgings. Normalization at 840-860 °C | |||||||||
| - | - | ≥355 | ≥600 | ≥16 | - | - | ≥40 | ≥490 | 187-229 |
| Forgings. Normalizing + tempering + vacation | |||||||||
| 100-300 | - | ≥315 | ≥570 | ≥14 | - | - | ≥34 | - | 167-207 |
| 300-500 | - | ≥315 | ≥570 | ≥12 | - | - | ≥29 | - | 167-207 |
| 100 | - | ≥315 | ≥570 | ≥17 | - | - | ≥39 | - | 167-207 |
| 100-300 | - | ≥345 | ≥590 | ≥17 | - | - | ≥54 | - | 174-217 |
| 100 | - | ≥345 | ≥590 | ≥18 | - | - | ≥59 | - | 174-217 |
| 100 | - | ≥395 | ≥620 | ≥17 | - | - | ≥59 | - | 187-229 |
| Workpiece diameter 60 mm. Quenching in water 840 °C + Vacation | |||||||||
| - | 400 | 520-590 | 730-840 | 12-14 | - | - | 46-50 | - | 202-234 |
| - | 500 | 470-520 | 680-770 | 14-16 | - | - | 52-58 | - | 185-210 |
| - | 600 | 410-440 | 610-680 | 18-20 | - | - | 61-64 | - | 168-190 |
| Samples with a diameter of 15 mm. Quenching in water from 850 °C + Vacation | |||||||||
| - | 450 | ≥830 | ≥980 | ≥10 | - | - | ≥40 | - | - |
| - | 500 | ≥730 | ≥830 | ≥12 | - | - | ≥45 | - | - |
| - | 550 | ≥640 | ≥780 | ≥16 | - | - | ≥50 | - | - |
| - | 600 | ≥590 | ≥730 | ≥25 | - | - | ≥55 | - | - |
| A sample with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 30 mm, forged and normalized. The rate of deformation of 16 mm/min strain Rate of 0.009 1/s | |||||||||
| - | - | ≥140 | ≥170 | ≥43 | - | - | ≥96 | - | - |
| - | - | ≥64 | ≥110 | ≥58 | - | - | ≥98 | - | - |
| - | - | ≥54 | ≥76 | ≥62 | - | - | ≥100 | - | - |
| - | - | ≥34 | ≥50 | ≥72 | - | - | ≥100 | - | - |
| - | - | ≥22 | ≥34 | ≥81 | - | - | ≥100 | - | - |
| - | - | ≥15 | ≥27 | ≥90 | - | - | ≥100 | - | - |
| Rolled steel. Normalization | |||||||||
| - | - | ≥340 | ≥690 | - | - | ≥10 | ≥36 | - | - |
| - | - | ≥255 | ≥710 | - | - | ≥22 | ≥44 | - | - |
| - | - | ≥225 | ≥560 | - | - | ≥21 | ≥65 | - | - |
| - | - | ≥175 | ≥370 | - | - | ≥23 | ≥67 | - | - |
| - | - | ≥78 | ≥215 | - | - | ≥33 | ≥90 | - | - |
Description mechanical marks
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| Section | Section |
| sT|s0,2 | Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2% |
| σB | Limit short-term strength |
| d5 | Elongation after rupture |
| d4 | Elongation after rupture |
| d | Elongation after rupture |
| y | The relative narrowing |
| kJ/m2 | Toughness |
Physical characteristics
| Temperature | Е, ГПа | G, ГПа | r, кг/м3 | l, Вт/(м · °С) | a, 10-6 1/°С | С, Дж/(кг · °С) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 200 | 78 | 7826 | - | - | - |
| 100 | 201 | - | 7799 | 48 | 119 | 473 |
| 200 | 193 | - | 7769 | 47 | 127 | 498 |
| 300 | 190 | 69 | 7735 | 44 | 134 | 515 |
| 400 | 172 | - | 7698 | 41 | 141 | 536 |
| 500 | - | 59 | 7662 | 39 | 146 | 583 |
| 600 | - | - | 7625 | 36 | 149 | 578 |
| 700 | - | - | 7587 | 31 | 149 | 611 |
| 800 | - | - | 7595 | 27 | - | 720 |
| 900 | - | - | - | 26 | 152 | 720 |
| 1100 | - | - | - | - | - | 708 |
A description of the physical symbols
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| Е | The normal elasticity modulus |
| G | Modulus of elasticity shear torsion |
| r | Density |
| l | Coefficient of thermal conductivity |
| R | UD. the resistivity |
| a | The coefficient of linear expansion |
| С | Specific heat |
Technological properties
| Name | The value |
|---|---|
| Weldability | Difficult weldability. Welding methods: RDS and CBS. Necessary preheating and subsequent heat treatment. |
| Propensity to temper brittleness | Tend not. |
| Forging temperature | Start - 1250 °C, end - 700 °C. the cross Sections up to 400 mm are cooled in air. |
| Flock-sensitive sensitivity | Insensitive. |
| Workability by cutting | In hot rolled state at NV 170-179 and blower SB=640 MPa Kn TV.SPL.=1,0 Kn b.St.=1,0. |
| Surfacing | Surfacing of sealing surfaces of valves in accordance with OST 26-07-2028-81 is made by manual arc welding electrodes type e-20X13 with plaster SSSI-13НЖ, NII-48, NII-48Ж-1 or SV wire-12H13 or SV-20X13. Surface preparation for overlay welding is performed by machining. Surfacing is performed with preliminary and accompanying heating to 400-450 °C is not less than 3 layers with thickness not less than 4 mm, excluding allowance for machining. Heat treatment after welding is produced by tempering at 550-600 °C (delay of 2-5 h) hardness HB=301-350, at 600-650 °C (delay of 2-5 h) hardness HB=240 to 300, at 400-450 °C (delay of 2-5 h) hardness HB=351-400. The temperature of the furnace when loading the details for the home should be no more than 300 °C. |
