Making holes in stainless steel products
Relevance
A hole in stainless steel made by drilling will never be perfectly straight and cylindrical in shape. They are oval in cross-section and cone-shaped in the longitudinal direction. The diameter of the drill is always smaller than the diameter of the finished hole in the metalwork. This difference is called the hole breakdown. For a drill with a standard diameter of 10 to 20 mm, the breakdown rates vary between 0.15-0.25 mm. The reason for the breakdown of the drilled hole in stainless steel products can be factors such as insufficient sharpening of the drill, deviations in the axes of the drill and spindle on the drilling machine. If the accuracy is achieved in the range of 12-14th quality, then the drilled hole in metal products is not subject to further processing.
Increasing accuracy
This can be achieved by countersinking. A hole made using countersinking acquires the specified shape and a more accurate diameter. This type of treatment can be used to achieve accuracy to between 10 and 11 grades. Reaming is used to achieve the highest grade accuracy of the drilled hole. This post-processing brings the shape and diameter of the cylindrical hole to between 6 and 9 degrees, with a roughness Ra of 0.32 to 1.25 µm, which is very good.
Drill bit
The drill required for drilling holes in stainless steel metal structures requires periodic machining on turret lathes. Metal drill bits themselves can vary in their purpose and design. In structural materials such as stainless steel, cast iron, etc., drilling is carried out with special drills with conical and cylindrical nozzles. For hard alloys, hardened steel or cast iron, drills with carbide inserts are more suitable. If the depth of the holes exceeds the diameter by more than five times, a special deep-drilling drill is used. Making center holes requires the use of a center drill bit as well as a countersink. Taps are used to tap holes inside of them.
Forging
Holes in stainless steel structures can also be cold-formed. The cold stamping method is a fast, high-precision, in-line process that greatly reduces the cost of finished stainless steel parts. However, stamping equipment is only used in large factories because it requires a large capital investment.
Furnizor
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