95X18 steel
95X18 steel
Steel 95X18: Handbook of steels and alloys. Below is systematized information on the purpose, chemical composition, types of supply, substitutes, critical point temperature, physical, mechanical, technological and foundry properties for the grade — Steel 95X18.
General information about 95X18 steel
| Type of delivery |
| Round 95h18, 95h18 sheet, section rolled steel, including shaped: GOST 5949−75, GOST 2590−71, GOST 2591−71, GOST 2879−69. Calibrated bar GOST 7417−75, GOST 8559−75, GOST 8560−78. Grinded rod and silversilver GOST 14955−77. Strip GOST 4405−75, GOST 103−76. Forged and forged blanks GOST 1133−71. |
| Application |
| Bushings, axles, rods, ball and roller bearings and other parts with high hardness and wear resistance requirements, operating at temperatures up to 500 ° C or exposure to moderate aggressive media. Martensitic class corrosion steel. |
Chemical composition of 95X18 steel
| Chemical element | % |
| Silicon (Si), not more | 0.8 |
| Manganese (Mn), not more than | 0.8 |
| Copper (Cu), not more than | 0.30 |
| Nickel (Ni), not more than | 0.6 |
| Sulfur (S), not more than | 0.025 |
| Titanium (Ti), not more than | 0.2 |
| Carbon (C) | 0.9−1.0 |
| Phosphorus (P), not more than | 0.03 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 17−19 |
Mechanical properties of steel 95X18
Mechanical properties
| Heat treatment, delivery condition | σ0.2, MPa | σB, MPa | δ5, % | ψ, % | HRCe |
| Tempering from 1000−1050°C, oil. Tempering 200−300°C, air or oil | >56 | ||||
| Bar. Complete annealing 885−920°C, 1−2 h. | 420 | 770 | 15 | 30 | |
| Bar. Incomplete annealing 730−790°C, 2−6 h. | 770 | 880 | 12 | 25 | 24−29 |
| Preheating 850−860°C. Tempering 1000−1070°C, oil or air. Cold treatment at 70−80°C. Tempering at 150−160°C, air. | 1980−2300 | >59 |
Mechanical properties at elevated temperatures
| t test,°C | KCU, J/m2 | HRCe | ||||||||||||
| Hardening at 1050 °C, oil. Cold working at -70°C. Tempering at 400 °C. | ||||||||||||||
| 20 | 58−59 | |||||||||||||
| 200 | 12−18 | 57−58 | ||||||||||||
| 300 | 12−22 | 56−57 | ||||||||||||
| 400 | 12−22 | 56−57 | ||||||||||||
Mechanical properties depending on tempering temperature
| t tempering temperature, °C | KCU, J/m2 | HRCe | ||||||||||||
| 1040 °C hardening, oil. | ||||||||||||||
| 200 | 265 | 59 | ||||||||||||
| 300 | 285 | 53 | ||||||||||||
| 400 | 245 | 56 | ||||||||||||
| 500 | 205 | 56 | ||||||||||||
| 1050 °C hardening, oil. | ||||||||||||||
| 150 | 59−64 | |||||||||||||
| 200 | 58−62 | |||||||||||||
| 300 | 55−59 | |||||||||||||
| 400 | 56−59 | |||||||||||||
| 500 | 51−54 | |||||||||||||
| 600 | 41−44 | |||||||||||||
Technological properties of 95X18 steel
| Forging temperature |
| The beginning 1180, the end 850. Sections up to 700 mm are subjected to annealing with recrystallization and tempering. |
| Weldability |
| Not applicable for welded constructions. |
| Machinability |
| In the annealed state at HB 212−217 and σB = 700 MPa Kυ dv.spl. = 0.86, Kυ b.st. = 0.35. |
| The tempering capacity |
| inclined at tempering temperature 450−600 С |
| Floc-sensitivity |
| insignificant |
Temperature of 95X18 steel critical points
| Critical point | °С |
| Ac1 | 830 |
| Ac3 | 1100 |
| Ar3 | 810 |
Endurance limit of 95X18 steel
| σ-1, MPa | Heat treatment, steel condition |
| 960 | 1050 С hardening, oil. Tempering at 150 °C. HRCe 61 |
Physical properties of steel 95X18
| Test temperature, °С | 20 | 100 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 600 | 700 | 800 | 900 |
| Modulus of normal elasticity, E, GPa | 204 | |||||||||
| Steel density, pn, kg/m3 | 7750 | 7730 | 7540 | |||||||
| Thermal conductivity coefficient W/(m — °C) | 24 | |||||||||
| Test temperature,°C | 20−100 | 20−200 | 20−300 | 20−400 | 20−500 | 20−600 | 20−700 | 20−800 | 20−900 | 20−1000 |
| Coefficient of linear expansion (a, 10−6 1/°C) | 11.8 | 12.3 | 12.7 | 13.1 | 13.4 | |||||
| Specific heat capacity (C, J/(kg -°C)) | 483 |
