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12X18H12T steel

12Cr18Ni12T Steel

12Cr18Ni12T Steel: Handbook of steels and alloys. Below is systematized information on the purpose, chemical composition, types of supply, substitutes, critical point temperature, physical, mechanical, technological and foundry properties for the grade - Steel 12X18H12T.

General information about 12X18H12T steel

12X18H12T steel grade
12Х18Н9, 12Х18Н9Т, 12Х1810Т.
Delivery type
12Х18Н12Т pipe, bar stock, including shaped: GOST 5949−75, GOST 2590−71, GOST 2591−71, GOST 2879−69. Calibrated bar GOST 7417−75, GOST 8559−75, GOST 8560−78. Grinded rod and silver GOST 14955−77. Thick plate GOST 7350−77, GOST 19903−74, GOST 19904−74. Strip GOST 4405−75, GOST 103−76. Forgings and forged blanks GOST 1133−71. Tubes GOST 9940−81, GOST 9941−81, GOST 14162−79.
Application
The various parts operating at temperatures from -196 to 600 °C in corrosive environments. The steel is corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant and heat-resistant austenitic class.

Chemical composition of steel 12Х18Н12Т

Chemical element %
Silicon (Si), not more 0.8
Manganese (Mn), not more than 2.0
Copper (Cu), not more than 0.30
Nickel (Ni) 11.0−13.0
Sulfur (S), not more than 0.020
Titanium (Ti) 0.6−0.7
Carbon ©, not more than 0.12
Phosphorus (P), not more 0.035
Chrome (Cr) 17.0−19.0

Mechanical properties of steel 12Х18Н12Т

Heat treatment, delivery condition Section, mm σ0, 2, MPa σB, MPa δ5, % ψ, %
Rods. Hardened at 1020−1100°C, air, oil, water. 60 195 540 40 55
Hot- or cold-rolled sheets. Hardened 1000−1080°C, water or air. (crosswise samples) >4 236 530 38  
Seamless hot-deformed pipes without heat treatment 3,5−32   529 40  
Seamless cold- and heat-treated heat-treated pipes 0,2−32   549 35  

Mechanical properties at elevated temperatures

t test,°C σ0, 2, MPa σB, MPa δ5, % ψ, % KCU, J/m2
1050−1100°C hardening, air.
20 225−315 550−640 46−74 66−80 215−372
500 140−205 390−440 30−42 60−70 196−353
550 140−205 380−450 31−41 61−68 215−353
600 120−205 340−410 28−38 51−74 196−353
650 120−195 270−390 27−37 52−73 245−353
700 120−195 265−350 20−38 40−70 255−353

Mechanical properties in the long term strength test

Creep strength, MPa Creep rate, %/h t test,°C Ultimate long-term strength, MPa Test duration, h t test, h
74−78 1/100000 600 132−167 10000 600
      53−71 10000 700
      98−127 100000 600
      34−44 100000 700

Technological properties of steel 12Х18Н12Т

Forging temperature
Beginning temperature 1200, ending temperature 850. Sections up to 350 mm are cooled in the air.
Weldability
Welding methods: RTD electrodes TsT-15−1 for root weld, TsT-15 for the following layers. DT-26 for those cases where there are no requirements for resistance against MCC, CCC and ESH. Subsequent heat treatment is recommended.
Machinability
In the hardened state at HB 170 and σB = 470 MPa Kυ dv.spl. = 0,85, K υ b.st. = 0,35.

Endurance limit of steel 12Х18Н12Т

σ-1, MPa n σB, MPa Heat treatment, state of steel
270 1Е+7 630 Smooth specimens.
113 1Е+7   Samples with an annular notch with R = 0.2 mm, angle of 60° and height of the notch 1.75 mm.

Physical properties of steel 12X18H12T

Temperature of test, °С 20 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Modulus of normal elasticity, E, GPa 210 198 193 186 177 170 157 147    
Torsional shear modulus of elasticity G, GPa 77                  
Steel density, pn, kg/m3 7900 7870 7830 7780 7740 7700 7850 7610    
Thermal conductivity coefficient W/(m - °C) 15 16 18 19 21 23 25 27 26  
Electrical resistivity (p, nominal value - m) 725 792 861 920 976 1028 1075 1117    
Test temperature,°C 20−100 20−200 20−300 20−400 20−500 20−600 20−700 20−800 20−900 20−1000
Coefficient of linear expansion (a, 10−6 1/°C) 16.6 17.0 17.2 17.5 17.9 18.2 18.6 18.9 19.3  

Sensitivity to embrittlement of steel 12Х18Н12Т

Temperature, °C Time, h KCU, J/cm2
- Initial state 294
600 10000 206
650 10000 216−225
700 10000 206−235
750 3000 225