Application of titanium parts in the automotive industry
Relevance
In order to increase the power of an automobile engine, it is necessary to reduce the weight of reciprocating system parts without loss of strength. This task is effectively solved by high-strength and heat-resistant titanium alloys. First of all they are profitable for the production of such parts as intake and exhaust valves, connecting rods, valve rockers, mufflers, which are the most critical parts of both diesel and car engines. Since titanium alloys have a better specific strength in comparison with steel, their use in connecting rod production allows to reduce the load on connecting rod bearings by 30%, and this significantly increases their reliability and longevity. Application of titanium for parts of the valve mechanism reduces the stress in the parts up to 25% and the valve impact force on the seat by 30%.
Application
It is preferably to make connecting rods from series alloys of VT5, VT8 or VTZ-1 grades, which have the increased strength. A study on the technology of forging a connecting rod for diesel engines has been carried out. The study was conducted to reduce the level of magnetism, because titanium belongs to the non-magnetic metals. The results of the study showed that the material quality of the billet from the alloy VTZ-1 is quite satisfactory, the macrostructure across the cross-section of the connecting rod billet is fine-grained, recrystallized. During the study no fibrousness, overburning, overheating and other defects of stamping and heat treatment were observed. Tensile mechanical properties correspond to the data of the certificate of the serial alloy VTZ-1. The application experience shows the feasibility of using titanium alloys for the production of highly loaded parts of engines, supporting structures and the chassis of the car. Studies have shown that the following alloys are recommended for automobile parts:
- for car load-bearing structures: OT4-1, OT4, VT5, VT5-1, VT6 - medium-strength alloys;
- for chassis parts of automobiles: AT6, BTZ-1, BT5-1, BT6, BT8, BT14, BT15, BT16 - alloys of medium and high durability;
- For engine parts: BTZ-1, BT8, BT14, BT15. BT16, BT18, CT-1, CT-4 - grades of high-strength and heat resistant titanium alloys. Titanium Institute intensively works on research of car and engine parts. After termination of these works it will be possible to start wide implementation of titanium alloys into automobile industry. At the same time, the power and reliability of vehicles will increase considerably. It will be possible to reduce the number of companies manufacturing spare parts, which will have a positive effect on the economic situation. In the near future, entirely new lightweight car designs can be created, which will have high power and maneuverability.
Titanium in other mechanical engineering fields
The manufacture of hand-held perforators with titanium parts makes the weight much lighter. The most suitable are titanium alloys of BT-5, OT4 grades. The operation of the perforator has shown that the use of titanium in the hand-held drilling tools is not only technically, but also economically profitable. Replacement of some parts with titanium ones allowed reducing the weight of the hammer from 32 to 20 kg. Such perforator is very convenient in operation, has high durability and good corrosion resistance. This is a significant advantage, because their operation in nonferrous metallurgy mines is associated with the presence of moist and aggressive environment.
Light and food industry
For the last several years the factories of light and food industry are intensively mastering production of different machines and devices from titanium alloys. These are different coloring and finishing equipment, automatic packing lines, centrifuges with titanium separators and many others. In the near future, titanium will be used not only in production of kitchen and home appliances, but also in souvenir production.
Supplier
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