X12VM steel
X12VM steel
X12VM Steel: Handbook of steels and alloys. Below is systematized information on the purpose, chemical composition, types of supply, substitutes, critical point temperature, physical, mechanical, technological and foundry properties for the brand — Steel X12VM.
General information on X12VM steel
| The substitute for the brand |
| steel Х12М. |
| Kind of delivery |
| Sections, including shaped: GOST 5950−73, GOST 2590−71, GOST 2591−71. Calibrated bar GOST 5950−73, GOST 7417−75, GOST 8559−75, GOST 8560−78. Grinded rod and silversilver GOST 5950−73, GOST 14955−77. Strip GOST 4405−75. Forged and forged blanks GOST 5950−74, GOST 1133−71, GOST 7831−78. |
| Application |
| Cold dies of high resistance to abrasion, not subjected to strong shock and shocks, drawing boards and draws, eyes for calibration of rod metal for thread rolling, bending and forming dies, complex body stamps, dies and punches punching and punching dies, stamping the active part of electric machines. |
Chemical composition of X12VM steel
| Chemical element |
% |
| Vanadium (V) |
0.15−0.30 |
| Tungsten (W) |
0.50−0.80 |
| Silicon (Si) |
0.10−0.40 |
| Manganese (Mn) |
0.15−0.45 |
| Copper (Cu), not more |
0.30 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) |
0.60−0.90 |
| Nickel (Ni), not more than |
0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), not more than |
0.030 |
| Carbon (C) |
2.00−2.20 |
| Phosphorus (P), not more than |
0.030 |
| Chromium (Cr) |
11.00−12.50 |
Process properties of X12VM steel
| Forging temperature |
| Beginning 1100, end 850. Delayed cooling in the wells. |
Steel X12VM critical point temperature
| Critical point |
°С |
| Ac1 |
815 |
| Mn |
225 |
Impact toughness of steel X12VM
Impact toughness, KCU, J/cm2
| Delivery condition, heat treatment |
KCU |
HRCe |
| 1020 C quenching with oil. Tempering at 200 °C with 1.5h dwell time. |
23 |
62 |
| Tempering at 1020 °C in oil. Tempering at 300 C with an exposure time of 1.5 hours. |
35 |
59 |
| Tempering at 1020 C in oil. Tempering at 400 C with holding for 1.5 hours. |
44 |
59 |
| Quenching at 1020 °C in oil. Tempering at 450 C with holding for 1.5 hours. |
38 |
|
| Quenching at 1020 °C in oil. Tempering at 500 C with holding for 1.5 hours. |
27 |
|
| Tempering at 1020 °C in oil. Tempering at 550 C with holding for 1.5 hours. |
|
59 |
Steel hardness X12VM
| Delivery condition, heat treatment regime |
HRCe surface |
HB |
| Ruts and strips annealed or high-temperatured |
|
255 |
| Samples. Hardened 1020 C, oil. Tempering at 180 C. |
61 |
|
| Isothermal annealing at 830−850°C, cooling at 40 deg/h to 700−720°C, holding for 3−4 h, cooling at 50 deg/h to 550 °C, air |
|
255 |
| Heating at 650−700 С. Hardening at 1000−1030 С, oil. Tempering at 180−200°C, 1.5h, air (final heat treatment mode) |
61−63 |
|
| 650−700 С heating. Tempering at 1000−1030°C, oil. Tempering 350−400 C, 1,5h, air (final heat treatment mode) |
58−60 |
|
