Magnetic properties of electrical steel and austenitic steel
Austenitic grades
Types and grades of stainless steel are distinguished by their crystalline structure: Ferritic and martensitic rolled steel have magnetic characteristics. Non-magnetic grades include austenitic chromium-nickel and chromium-manganese-nickel rolled steel. Austenitic grades account for more than 70% of rolled steel. They contain up to 0.15% carbon, at least 16% chromium and a sufficient proportion of nickel and/or manganese to maintain the austenitic structure from cryogenic temperature to melting point. The classic composition (containing 18% Cr and 10%, Ni) is known as 18/10 and is widely used in cutlery production. 18/10 and 18/8, the "Super Austenitic" stainless steel grades - AL-6XN and 254SMO - are very resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion due to the high proportion of molybdenum (>6%) with a mixture of nitrogen, while the high percentage of nickel increases resistance to stress corrosion cracking.
| Alloy | Permeability μ [Gn/m] | Relative permeability μ/μ0 |
Magnetic field |
| Permalloy | 1,0x10-2 | 70 000 | 0.002 Tesla |
| Electrical steel | 5,0x10-3 | 4000 | 0.002 Tesla |
| Ferrite (Ni-Zn) | 2.0x10-5 -8.0x10-4 | 16-640 | |
| Ferrite (Mni-Zn) | >8,0x10-4 | 640 (or more) | 0.002 Tesla |
| Nickel | 1,25x10-4 | 100 - 600 | 0.002 Tesla |
Furnizor
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