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Steel 12Х18Н12Т (Х18Н12Т)

Steel 12Х11В2МФ (ЭИ756) Steel 08Х21Н6М2Т (EP54) Steel 10Х12Н3М2ФА (ЦД-М) Steel 10Х12НД (0Х12НД) Steel 10Х13Г12БС2Н2Д2 (DI59) Steel 10X18G14AN4 (EP197; X18G14AN4) Steel 10Х32Н8 (EP263; Х32Н8) Steel 10Х9МФБ (DI82) 08X14F steel Steel 12X13 (1X13) Steel 12X18H10T (X18H10T) Steel 12Х18Н12Т (Х18Н12Т) 12X18H9SMR steel (EP414; Х18Н9СМР) Steel 12Х18Н9Т (Х18Н9Т) Steel 16Х20К6Н2МВФ (EP768; VNS-22) Steel 19Х20Н4АМ3Д2С (EC7) Steel 90G29Yu9VBM (DI38; 90G29Yu9VMBF; DI38F) Steel 03Х24Н6АМ3 (ЗИ130) Steel 015Х14Н19С6Б (ChS110) Steel 015Х20Н25Г2Б (EP754) Steel 02Х24Н6АМ3 (DI91) Steel 03N18K9M5T (EP637; MS200) Steel 03Х16Н15М3Б (026Х16Н15М3Б; ЭИ844Б) Steel 03Х18Н9Т (Х18Н9Т) Steel 03Х19Н15Г6М2АВ2 (ChS39) Steel 03Х21Н32М3Б (EP864; ČS33) Steel 08Х20Н5АГ12МФ (DI8) Steel 03Х9К14Н6М3Д (EP921; 03Х9К14Н6М3ДФ) Steel 04Х11Н9М2Д2 (EP832; 04Х11Н9М2Д2ТЮ) Steel 04Х13Н4АГ20 (ChS52) Steel 04Х14К13Н4М3ТВ (EP767) Steel 05Х15Н9Г6АМ (ChS31) Steel 05Х21Н12Г2БРч (DI94) Steel 07X13AG20 (ChS46)

Designation

Name The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic 12Х18Н12Т
Designation GOST Latin 12X18H12T
Transliteration 12H18N12T
The chemical elements 12Cr18Н12Ti
Name The value
Designation GOST Cyrillic Х18Н12Т
Designation GOST Latin X18H12T
Transliteration H18N12T
The chemical elements Cr18Н12Ti

Description

12Х18Н12Т steel is used: for the manufacture of sheet and rolled; pipes and various parts operating at temperatures from -196 °C to +600 °C in the aggressive environments of billets intended for the manufacture of seamless cold, warm, hot-wrought, including hot-pressed and hot-pressed reduced pipes for steam boilers and pipelines, installations with high and supercritical steam parameters; welded equipment operating in environments of increased aggressiveness (the solutions of nitric, acetic acids, alkaline solutions and salts); structures to be welded by spot welding; connections of equipment installed in radioactive environments and in contact with aggressive environment; hull structures of ships, vessels, marine equipment products and shipyards (pipelines, fittings, fairings, various instruments).

Note

Low steel, corrosion-resistant, heatresistant and heat-proof.
Stabilized chromium-Nickel steel of austenitic class.
Magnetic permeability μ ≤ 1,01 GS/E. Steel usually contains the α-phase. Unfavorable balance of alloying elements and carbon magnetic permeability can be up to 1.50 GS/E.
Heat treatment — austenization or stabilization, the hot pressure treatment and flexible at temperatures primenyaemyh for hot deformation do not alter the permeability, and hardening higher than 5−10% at room or lower temperatures significantly increases it.
12Х18Н12Т steel has a lower content of ferritic phase than steel 12X18H10T.
The recommended maximum operating temperature for a long time +800 °C, for a very long time +600 °C.
Temperature intense scaling in air +850 °C.
Steel has low friction properties and prone to scuffing, so is not usually used in friction pairs. To improve the antifriction properties of the nitriding is performed under special conditions with the use of ammonium chloride to remove the oxide film.

Standards

Name Code Standards
Sectional and shaped rolling В22 GOST 1133-71, GOST 2590-2006, GOST 2591-2006, GOST 2879-2006
Test methods. Packaging. Marking В09 GOST 11878-66
Sheets and stripes В23 GOST 19903-74, GOST 19904-90, GOST 103-2006, GOST 19903-90
Sheets and stripes В33 GOST 4405-75, GOST 7350-77
Classification, nomenclature and general norms В30 GOST 5632-72
Sectional and shaped rolling В32 GOST 5949-75, GOST 7417-75, GOST 8559-75, GOST 8560-78, GOST 14955-77, TU 14-11-245-88, TU 14-1-1529-2003
Pipes steel and connecting parts to them В62 GOST 9940-81, GOST 9941-81, GOST 14162-79, TU 14-159-165-87, TU 14-3-1109-82, TU 14-158-135-2003, TU 14-3-460-2009, TU 14-3Р-110-2009, TU 14-3Р-55-2001, TU 14-158-137-2003, TU 14-3-460-2003, TU 14-3-1654-89
Bulls. Blanks. Slabs В31 OST 3-1686-90, OST 95-29-72, TU 108-938-80, TU 14-1-1214-75, TU 14-1-565-84
Welding and cutting of metals. Soldering, riveting В05 OST 95 10441-2002
Castings from non-ferrous metals and alloys В84 RD 9257-76
Thermal and thermochemical treatment of metals В04 STP 26.260.484-2004

Chemical composition

Standard C S P Mn Cr Si Ni Fe Cu V Mo W
TU 14-1-1529-2003 ≤0.12 ≤0.02 ≤0.035 1-2 17-19 ≤0.8 11-13 The rest ≤0.3 ≤0.2 ≤0.5 ≤0.2
TU 14-3Р-55-2001 ≤0.12 ≤0.015 ≤0.03 1-2 17-19 ≤0.8 11-13 The rest ≤0.3 - - -
GOST 5632-72 ≤0.12 ≤0.02 ≤0.035 ≤2 17-19 ≤0.8 11-13 The rest ≤0.4 ≤0.2 ≤0.5 ≤0.2
TU 14-158-137-2003 ≤0.12 ≤0.02 ≤0.035 ≤2 17-19 ≤0.8 11-13 The rest - - - -
TU 14-3-460-2003 ≤0.12 ≤0.025 ≤0.035 1-2 17-19 ≤0.8 11-13 The rest ≤0.3 ≤0.2 ≤0.5 ≤0.2
Fe is the basis.
According to GOST 5632-72, TU 14-1-1529-2003 and RD 9257-76, the content of Ti% = 5C% is 0.7%. For aircraft components, the Mo content is ≤ 0.30%.
According to TU 14-1-1529-2003, the mass fraction of the residual elements: tungsten, vanadium, molybdenum must meet the requirements of GOST 5632. For steel 12Х18Н12Т-Ш the sulfur content should be ≤ 0,15% phosphorus content ≤ 0,30%.
According to TU 14-3-460-2003 the content of Ti% = 5 · (С-0,2)% - 0,7%. Mass fraction of residual elements: tungsten, vanadium, molybdenum must meet the requirements of GOST 5632.
According to TU 14-158-137-2003 the content of Ti% = 5С% - 0,7%. It is permissible to introduce cerium and other rare-earth metals according to the calculation by 0.2-0.3%, which are not determined by chemical analysis.
According to TU 14-3R-55-2001, a technological addition of rare earth elements is possible to improve the quality of the metal. The content of residual elements is according to GOST 5632. The content of Ti% = 5 · (С -0.02)% is 0.7%.

Mechanical characteristics

Section, mm sT|s0,2, MPa σB, MPa d5, % d4 y, % kJ/m2, кДж/м2 Brinell hardness number, MPa
Tubes of small dimensions (capillary) heat-treated or cold-worked in the state of delivery according to GOST 14162-79
- ≥510 ≥26 - - - -
Billet (forgings) OST 95-29-72 in the state of delivery: Austenization at 1020-1100 °C, cooling in water or air
≥196 ≥540 ≥40 - - - -
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1050-1100 °C
- 225-315 550-640 46-74 - 66-80 215-372 -
Billet (forgings) OST 95-29-72 in the state of delivery: Austenization at 1020-1100 °C, cooling in water or air
≥176 ≥352 - - - - -
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1050-1100 °C
- 140-205 390-440 30-42 - 60-70 196-353 -
Hot rolled sheet (4,0-50,0 mm) and cold rolled (4,0-5,0 mm) steel according to GOST 7350-77. Quenching in water or air from 1030-1080 °C
- ≥235 ≥530 ≥38 - - - -
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1050-1100 °C
- 140-205 380-450 31-41 - 61-68 215-353 -
Rolled sheet. Quenching in water or air from 1050-1080 °C
0.8-3.9 - ≥540 - ≥35 - - -
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1050-1100 °C
- 120-205 340-410 28-38 - 51-74 196-353 -
Bars hot rolled and forged according to GOST 5949-75. Quenching in air, oil or water with 1020-1100 °C
≥196 ≥540 ≥40 - ≥55 - -
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1050-1100 °C
- 120-195 270-390 27-37 - 52-73 245-353 -
Bars hot rolled and forged at STP 26.260.484-2004. Quenching in water or air from 1000-1080 °C
≥180 ≥500 ≥40 - ≥55 - -
Rolled steel. Annealing in air from 1050-1100 °C
- 120-195 265-350 20-38 - 40-70 255-353 -
Tubular billet + hot deformed Tubes (DH=57-465 mm) TU 14-3-460-2003. Austenization with 1000-1200 °C, cooling in air or in water (longitudinal sample)
≥215 530-690 ≥35 - ≥55 - ≤200
Seamless hot deformed tubes in the delivery condition according to GOST 9940-81
- ≥529 ≥40 - - - -
Seamless pipes for steam boilers and pipelines according to TU 14-3P-55-2001. Austenization at 1100-1200 °C, air cooling or water
- 216-392 539-686 ≥35 - ≥55 - ≤190
Pipe gorjachekatanye seamless. Without heat treatment (specified wall thickness, the longitudinal sample)
3.5-32 210-220 529-540 ≥40 - ≥55 - -
Pipe cold - and warm seamless, cold-and warm superior quality. Quenching in water or air from 1030-1080 °C (specified wall thickness, the longitudinal sample)
0.2-32 - ≥549 ≥35 - - - -

Description mechanical marks

Name Description
Section Section
sT|s0,2 Yield strength or limit of proportionality with a tolerance for residual deformation of 0.2%
σB Limit short-term strength
d5 Elongation after rupture
d4 Elongation after rupture
y The relative narrowing
kJ/m2 Toughness

Physical characteristics

Temperature Е, ГПа G, ГПа r, кг/м3 l, Вт/(м · °С) R, НОм · м a, 10-6 1/°С С, Дж/(кг · °С)
0 210 77 7950 15 725 - -
20 205 - 7900 151 761 - -
100 198 - 7870 1633 792 166 460
200 193 - 7830 1758 861 17 482
300 186 - 7780 1884 920 172 507
400 177 - 7740 2135 976 175 525
500 170 - 7700 2303 1028 179 545
600 157 - 7850 2470 1075 182 563
700 147 - 7610 2680 1117 186 579
800 - - 7560 2800 1155 189 590
900 - - 7510 291 1210 189 603
1000 - - - 308 1245 - 616
1100 - - - 323 1275 193 625
1200 - - - 341 1315 - 637

A description of the physical symbols

Name Description
Е The normal elasticity modulus
r Density
l Coefficient of thermal conductivity
R UD. the resistivity
a The coefficient of linear expansion

Technological properties

Name The value
Weldability Satisfactory weldability. Welding methods: SMAW electrodes DH-15-1 for the root of the weld, CG-15 for the subsequent layers. CT-26 for those cases where no requirements for resistance to the ICC, CBS and ESW. Recommended subsequent heat treatment. For joints of NPP equipment recommended automatic arc welding under flux.
Forging temperature Start - 1200 °C, the end - 850 °C. the cross Sections up to 350 mm cooled in air.
Workability by cutting Has satisfactory machinability. In the hardened state when HB 170 and blower SB=470 MPa Kn TV.SPL.=0,85 Kn b.St.=0,35.
Features of heat treatment Depending on assignment, working conditions, corrosive environment the product is subjected to: a) hardening (austenization); b) stabilizing annealing; C) annealing for stress relieving; d) a stepwise processing. The product is quenched in order to: a) prevent the tendency to intergranular corrosion (products can operate in temperatures up to 350 °C); b) to increase resistance against General corrosion; C) to eliminate the revealed tendency to intergranular corrosion; g) to prevent the tendency to stab corrosion (welded work product in solutions of nitric acid); d) to eliminate residual stress (products simple configuration); e) to increase the plasticity of the material. The quenching products should be carried out on mode: heating to 1050-1100 °C, items material thickness up to 10 mm cooling on air, more than 10 mm in water. Welded parts of complex configuration in order to avoid the leash is to be cooled in the air. The holding time at the heating for hardening to products with a wall thickness up to 10 mm - 30 min, over 10 mm - 20 min + 1 min per 1 mm maximum thickness. In the hardening of products, intended for operation in nitric acid, the heating temperature for hardening must be kept at the upper limit (exposure at the same weldment should be not less than 1 hour). Stabilizing annealing is applied to: a) prevent the tendency to intergranular corrosion (products work at temperatures above 350 °C); b) stress relief; C) the elimination of discovered tendency to intergranular corrosion, if for any reason hardening is inappropriate. A stabilizing annealing, for example for products and welded joints of steels in which the ratio of titanium to carbon 5 or more of niobium to carbon greater than 8. Stabilizing annealing to prevent the tendency to intergranular corrosion products, operating at temperatures over 350 °C can be subjected to steel containing not more than 0.08 % of carbon. Stabilising annealing should be carried out according to the mode: heating up to 870-900 °C, exposure time of 2-3 h, cooling in air. During heat treatment of large welded products are permitted to carry out local stabilizing annealing of closing seams in the same mode, with all welded components shall be subjected to a stabilizing annealing before welding. In the case of local stabilizing annealing is necessary to ensure both uniform heating and cooling across the length of the weld and adjacent base metal zones for a width equal to two or three widths of a seam, but not more than 200 mm. Manual heating method is invalid. For a more complete removal of residual stresses, the annealing products of stabilized chromium-Nickel steels is performed according to the mode: heating up to 870-900 °C; exposure of 2-3 h, cooling with the furnace to 300 °C (cooling rate of 50-100 °C/h), then by air. The annealing is carried out for products and welded joints of steel, from which the ratio of titanium to carbon 5 or more of niobium to carbon greater than 8. Step processing is to: a) relieve residual stresses and prevent the tendency to intergranular corrosion; b) to prevent the tendency to intergranular corrosion of welded joints of complex configuration with sharp transitions in thickness; C) products with the tendency to intergranular corrosion, remove which other method (annealing or stabilizing annealing) is inappropriate. Step treatment should be carried out according to mode: heating to 1050-1100 °C; the holding time at the heating for hardening to products with a wall thickness up to 10 mm - 30 min, over 10 mm - 20 min + 1 min per 1 mm of maximum thickness; cooling as fast as possible to 870-900°C; holding at 870-900 °C for 2-3 hours; cooling with the furnace to 300 °C (speed of 50-100 °C/h), then by air. To expedite the process, step-by-step treatment is recommended in two in two furnaces heated to different temperatures. When transferring from one furnace to another, the temperature of the products should not be below 900 °C. Speed of processing permitted for products and welded joints of steel, from which the ratio of titanium to carbon 5 or more of niobium to carbon greater than 8.

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