Alloying of metals and alloys
Alloying
According to
Substitution alloys
When the atoms of an alloying element replace the atoms of the base metal within the crystal lattice, we get substitution alloys. An alloy is formed only when the atoms of the base metal and the atoms of the alloying agent are about the same size. In most substitution alloys, the alloying elements are close together in the periodic table. Brass, for example, is a copper-based alloy in which 10-35% of copper atoms are substituted for zinc atoms Brass works as an alloy because copper and zinc are close together, in the periodic table, and have atoms of about the same size.
Interstitial alloys.
Also, alloys are obtained if the alloying agents have atoms that are much smaller than those of the base metal. In this case, the atoms of the alloying agent fall into the gaps as well, which gives interstitial alloying. Steel is an example of such an alloy in which a relatively small number of carbon atoms are arranged in the gaps between the larger iron atoms in the crystal lattice.
Steel alloy alloy alloy alloying and marking
The grade of a steel alloy can be designated by an alphanumeric abbreviation. Each letter refers to a specific element that is included in an alloy.
| Identification | Element | Name |
|---|---|---|
| Б | Nb | niobium |
| В | W | tungsten |
| Г | Mn | manganese |
| Д | Cu | copper |
| Е | Se | selenium |
| Л | Be | beryllium |
| М | Mo | molybdenum |
| Н | Ni | nickel |
| Р | Ce | cerium |
| С | Si | silicon |
| П | P | phosphorus |
| Ф | V | vanadium |
| Х | Cr | chromium |
| Ц | Zr | zirconium |
| Ю | Al | aluminum |
Ion implantation - technology of introducing atoms of alloying elements into a surface layer of a tape or foil by bombarding the surface with a high energy beam (10-2000 keV); it is used to produce semiconductors with required properties, donor or acceptor zones and low resistance contacts. Ion implantation is also used to alloy metal to impart hardness and wear resistance to the surface layer.
Thermal diffusion is a technology of introducing atoms of alloying elements into the alloy under the influence of temperature gradient. This phenomenon was discovered in 1856 by the German chemist K. Ludwig and was studied by the Swiss scientist S. Saure.
Other types of alloying
The purpose of alloying metals is to increase their mechanical and physical properties. These include heat resistance, corrosion resistance, cryogenicity, wear resistance, and much more. Alloys are alloyed with austenitic and ferrite-forming elements. As for the specific alloying technology, it differs depending on the industry:
-volumetric;
-diffusion; -diffusion;
-Surface; -Ion; -Alloying;
-ionic;
-mechanical.
Steel is high alloyed (from 10%), medium alloyed (range 2.5-10%) and low alloyed (up to 2.5%) according to the amount of alloying components. Auremo" company supplies the fullest assortment of rolled steel at market price in the shortest terms and in any quantity.
Supplier
All the items presented at the warehouse of the supplier "Auremo" have a quality certificate. Alloying is carried out in accordance with technical documentation, which reflects the chemical composition and mechanical properties of products. With us it is easy to buy any metal products for large-scale productions. We also offer the best conditions for retail customers. High level of service is rightly the face of our company.
