Forging of metals and alloys
Types of metal forming
The process of metal forming is divided into two types - non-impact and impact: by rolling, pressing and drawing semi-finished products with a constant cross-section: wire, rod, sheet, strip. They are used as blanks for subsequent forming. Forging and stamping make parts of approximate form, which require additional work to give them the final size and surface quality.
Forging
It is a method of impact treatment of metal billets heated to forging temperature. Steel alloys are most commonly used, as well as titanium, aluminum, and copper alloys. Each metal has its own forging temperature, which depends on the melting temperature, crystallization, the presence of alloying elements. Aluminum alloys are processed at a temperature range of 480-400 ° C, copper alloys 950-650 ° C, iron alloys 1200-800 ° C, titanium alloys 1550-850 ° C. Forging changes the shape and size of the workpiece, as well as the density of the surface layer by the impact of the hammer on some parts of the hot workpiece. A special set of forging tools is used to give the workpieces the desired shape and size. A special type of forging - cold forging- is carried out without heating of the deformed metal. Products obtained by forging are called "forging".
Cold and hot forging
At its core, forging is the deformation of metal under repeated action of the tool. This method of processing is used with equal success in both mass and individual production. It should be noted that, depending on the temperature effect, forging metal is of two types:
-cold;
-Hot.
Separately distinguish the stamping and free forging. Among the advantages of the latter are increasing the strength of the metal and improving its qualities by acquiring a fibrous structure of the material. A limitation of the use of free forging is the impossibility of its use in mass production.
Other types of forging
A distinction is made between:
hammer forging (pneumatic, steam, hydraulic)
manual forging
Drop forging, when the metal is bound on all sides by die walls and after deformation it takes its originally specified shape.
With free forging, the workpiece lies on the anvil (or is limited on one side) and is subjected to the action of a sledgehammer or hammer. This improves the structure of the workpiece - the metal is hardened, its structure becomes fine-grained and acquires a fibrous structure.
For machine forging hammers with a falling weight of 40 to 5000 kg or a hydraulic press with a force of 200-20000 ton-force are used. Forgings weighing more than 100 tons are produced on forging machines. For transferring such workpieces the cranes with the lifting capacity of 350 t and special manipulators are used.
Forging is considered one of the most economical ways of producing parts. In large-scale production, stamping is mainly used, and in small-scale production - free forging.
Processing steps
As for the main stages of processing, they are the following algorithm of operations: ingot billetizing, upsetting, upsetting, broaching, broaching, chopping, rolling, bending, twisting and forge welding. Equipment such as a hammer, hydraulic press, and forging machine are used. The use of these techniques, according to the general information about the rolled metal products, allow to produce forgings weighing more than 100 tons.
Delivery
All the products presented in the warehouse of Auremo company have a quality certificate. The technical documentation reflects the chemical composition and mechanical properties of the products. From us it is easy to buy any metal products for large-scale productions. We also offer optimum conditions for retail customers. The high level of service is rightly the face of our company.
