Nickel-based alloys
Technical Characteristics
Nickel alloys include those in which the Ni content is at least 55%. They are highly resistant to chemical and electrochemical, intergranular corrosion. Depending on the scope of application, these materials are divided into two groups. 1) Ni, copper-nickel and other nickel grades, which are processed by pressure and serve in the manufacture of parts for instrumentation and machine building in accordance with
Alumel is a thermoelectric alloy.
| Ni | Al | Mn | Si | Co | Impurities |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 93-96% | 1,8-2,5% | 1,8-2,2% | 0,8-1,2% | 0,5% | 0,5% |
Chromel is a thermocouple alloy.
| Ni | Cr | Mn | Si | Co | Impurities |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 89-91% | 8,7-10% | 1,8-2,2% | 0,8-1,2% | 0,5% | 0,5% |
Inconel 600 is a structural grade.
| Cr | Ni | Cu | Mn | Si | C | S |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14-17 | 43-44 | 0,5 | 1 | 0,5 | 0,15 | 0,015 |
Inconel 625 is a structural grade.
| Cr | Ni | Co | Mn | Si | C | Al | Ti | Nb | P, S |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 21-23 | 56 | 1 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,1 | 0,4 | 0,4 | 3.5-4 | 0,015 |
Hastelloy B-2 is a structural grade.
| Mo | Cr | Co | Mn | Fe | C | W | Si | Ni |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0,01 | --- | 0,1 | base |
Hastelloy B-3 is a structural grade.
| Mo | Cr | Co | Mn | Fe | C | W | Si | Ni |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28,5 | 1,5 | 3 | 3 | 1,5 | 0,01 | --- | 0,1 | base |
Hastelloy C-4 is a structural grade.
| Mo | Cr | Co | Mn | Fe | C | W | Si | Ni |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 | 16 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 0,01 | --- | 0,08 | base |
Marking
Nickel alloy grades have letter designations of constituent elements other than nickel. In place of nickel are numbers that reflect its average percentage content. When smelting by special methods, the name of the alloy is marked with additional letters separated by a dash at the end of the abbreviation. VI means vacuum induction smelting, or VD means vacuum arc remelting. The chemical composition of domestic nickel alloy grades does not always coincide with analogues of foreign grades. This is due to the scarcity of a number of alloying elements in other countries.
The use of
Ni containing manganese additives (manganese nickel) are used in incandescent lamps, gas-tron rectifiers holders of electrode systems. Alumel and chromel are most widely used in the design of thermocouples. With their help it is possible to accurately enough to measure temperature in a large range in oxidizing environments (up to t ° 1200-1300 ° C), in industrial production conditions. In rheostats copper-alloyed copel, constantan are used. In these alloys, with a nickel content of 40-50%, and electrical resistance does not change with changes in temperature.
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