GOST R ISO 10893-8-2014
GOST R ISO 10893−8-2014 Seamless and welded steel pipes. Part 8. The ultrasonic method of automated control for the detection of delaminations
GOST R ISO 10893−8-2014
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Steel seamless and welded pipes. Part 8. The ultrasonic method of automated control for the detection of delaminations
Seamless and welded steel tubes. Part 8. Automated ultrasonic testing for the detection of imperfections
ACS 23.040.10, 77.040.20, 77.140.75
Date of implementation 2015−01−01
Foreword
1 PREPARED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TK 357 «Steel and Cast Iron Pipes and Cylinders», Non-State Educational Institution of Additional Professional Education Research and Training Center «Control and Diagnostics» (Scientific and Research Center «Control and Diagnostics») and Open Joint Stock Company «Russian Research Institute pipe industry «(OJSC» RosNITI «) on the basis of its own authentic translation into Russian of the standard specified in paragraph 4
2 was introduced by the Technical Committee for Standardization of TC 357 «Steel and Cast Iron Pipes and Cylinders"
3 APPROVED AND ENTRY INTO FORCE The Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of October 22, 2014 N 1378-st.
4 This standard is identical to the international standard ISO 10893−8: 2011 «Non-destructive testing of steel pipes — Part 8: Automatic ultrasonic inspection of seamless and welded steel pipes for the detection of laminar defects» (ISO 10893−8: 2011 «Non-destructive testing of steel tubes Part 8: Automated ultrasonic testing for seamless and welded steel tubes for the detection of laminar imperfections «, IDT).
The name of the international standard has been changed with respect to the name of this standard to be brought into compliance with GOST R 1.7 (item 6.2) and clarifying the scope of application.
When applying this standard, it is recommended to use the corresponding national standards of the Russian Federation in place of the reference international standards, the details of which are given in the supplementary Appendix YES
5 INTRODUCED IN FIRST
The rules for the application of this standard are set out in GOST R 1.0−2012 (section 8). The information on changes to this standard is published in the annual (as of January 1 of the current year) information index «National Standards», and the official text of the amendments and amendments is published in the monthly information index «National Standards». In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, a corresponding notice will be published in the next issue of the monthly information index «National Standards».
Introduction
This standard is identical to the international standard ISO 10893−8, which was prepared by the Technical Committee ISO / TC 17 «Steel», subcommittee SC 19 «Technical conditions for the supply of pipes operating under pressure."
The international standard ISO 10893−8 nullifies and replaces ISO 10124: 1994, ISO 11496: 1993 and ISO 13663: 1995, technically revised.
The international standard ISO 10893 consists of the following parts under the general title «Non-destructive testing of steel pipes»:
— Part 1. Automatic electromagnetic control of steel seamless and welded pipes (except for pipes obtained by submerged arc welding) for verification of tightness;
— Part 2. Automatic control by the eddy current method of steel seamless and welded pipes (except for pipes obtained by submerged arc welding) for the detection of defects;
— Part 3. Automatic control by the method of scattering magnetic flux along the entire circumference of seamless and welded pipes of ferromagnetic steel (except for pipes obtained by submerged arc welding) to detect longitudinal and (or) transverse defects;
— Part 4. Monitoring by penetrating liquids of steel seamless and welded pipes to detect surface defects;
— Part 5. Monitoring by the method of magnetic particles of seamless and welded pipes of ferromagnetic steel for the detection of surface defects;
— Part 6. Radiographic inspection of welded welded steel pipes to detect defects;
— Part 7. Digital radiographic inspection of welded steel pipes weld to detect defects;
— Part 8. Automatic ultrasonic inspection of seamless and welded steel pipes for detection of laminar defects;
— Part 9. Automatic ultrasonic testing for detection of laminar defects in the strip / sheet used for the production of welded steel pipes;
— Part 10. Automatic ultrasonic inspection of the entire circumference of seamless and welded steel pipes (other than submerged arc welding) to detect longitudinal and (or) transverse defects;
— Part 11. Automatic ultrasonic inspection of welded welded steel pipes to detect longitudinal and (or) transverse defects;
— Part 12. Automatic ultrasonic inspection of the thickness along the entire circumference of seamless and welded steel pipes (except for pipes obtained by submerged arc welding).
1 area of use
This standard specifies the requirements for an ultrasound method of automated control for the detection of delaminations:
a) in the body of seamless and welded steel pipes (control over the entire circumference), except for pipes produced by submerged arc welding (SAW);
b) in the zone adjacent to the welded welded steel pipes;
c) at the ends (control over the entire circumference) of seamless and welded pipes.
This standard can be used to control round profiles.
NOTE — For welded pipes, as an alternative, it is possible to check for steel strip / plate bundles prior to pipe forming in accordance with ISO 10893−9.
2 Normative references
The following reference documents * are required for the application of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies, for undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document, including any amendments thereto:
ISO 5577 Non-destructive testing. Ultrasonic inspection. Dictionary (ISO 5577 Nondestructive testing — Ultrasonic inspection — Vocabulary)
ISO 9712 Non-destructive testing. Qualification and attestation of personnel (ISO 9712 Nondestructive testing — Qualification and certification of NDT personnel)
ISO 10893−6 Non-destructive testing of steel pipes. Part 6. Radiographic Inspection of Welded Steel Pipe Seams for Defect Detection (Nondestructive testing of steel tubes, Part 6: Radiographic testing of the welded steel tubes for the detection of imperfections)
ISO 10893−7 Non-destructive testing of steel pipes. Part 7. Digital radiographic inspection of welded steel pipes for the detection of defects (Nondestructive testing of steel tubes, Part 7: Digital radiographic testing of the weld seam of welded steel tubes for the detection of imperfections)
ISO 11484 Steel pressure pipes. Qualification and certification of personnel in non-destructive testing (ISO 11484 Steel products — Employer’s qualification system for nondestructive testing (NDT) personnel)
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions of ISO 5577 and ISO 11484 are used in this standard, as well as the following terms with the corresponding definitions:
3.1 Calibration reflector (reference standard) Reflector for setting non-destructive testing equipment (such as holes, slots, etc.)
3.2 adjustment sample-tube (reference tube): The pipe or of the pipe used for setting purposes.
3.3 adjustment sample (reference sample): The sample (e.g., a pipe segment, plate or tape) used for setting.
NOTE The term «sample-tube» used in this standard also includes the term «configuration sample».
3.4 lamination (laminar imperfection): A defect located in the pipe wall and, as a rule, oriented parallel to the surface.
NOTE — Its area can be calculated by measuring its contour on the surface of the pipe wall.
3.5 the pipe (tube): a long hollow product, open at both ends, of any shape in cross section.
3.6 Seamless tube: A pipe made by piercing a solid blank to form a hollow tube, which is then processed (hot or cold) to its final dimensions.
3.7 welded tube: A pipe made by forming a hollow profile of a flat product and welding adjacent edges together and which, after welding, can be further processed (hot or cold) to its final dimensions.
3.8 manufacturer: An organization that manufactures products in accordance with the relevant standard and declares that the delivered products comply with all applicable provisions of the relevant standard.
3.9 agreement: Contractual relationship between the manufacturer and the customer at the time of the request and the order.
4 General requirements
4.1. If the product specification or agreement between the customer and the manufacturer does not specify otherwise, ultrasonic testing shall be carried out on the pipes after the completion of all primary manufacturing operations (rolling, heat treatment, cold and hot deformation, machining in size, pre-adjusting, etc. .).
4.2 Pipes should be straight enough to ensure control. The surface of the pipe must be free of foreign substances, which can interfere with the conduct of reliable control.
4.3 Verification should only be carried out by trained operators qualified in accordance with ISO 9712, ISO 11484 or equivalent documents, and under the supervision of competent personnel designated by the manufacturer (manufacturer). In the case of third party inspection, this should be agreed between the customer and the manufacturer. Control over the permission of the employer must be carried out in accordance with the written procedure. The procedure for nondestructive testing should be agreed by a specialist at level 3 and personally approved by the employer.
NOTE — The definition of levels 1, 2 and 3 is given in relevant international standards, for example in ISO 9712 and ISO 11484.
5 Control technology
5.1 General
5.1.1 In accordance with the product standard, control for the detection of delaminations should be performed by an ultrasonic echo method in accordance with 5.2 or 5.3 and (or) 5.4. The introduction of an ultrasonic wave into the product must be carried out perpendicular to the surface of the pipe.
5.1.2. When checking 5.2 or 5.3, the scanning speed should not change by more than ± 10%. To determine the size of the proposed bundle, adjacent questionable areas, the distance between which is less than the minimum size of the smallest of them, should be estimated as a single bundle. At both ends of the pipe there may be small areas that are not controlled in accordance with 5.2 or 5.3.
All uncontrolled pipe ends should be checked in accordance with the requirements of the relevant product standards.
5.1.3 The range of ultrasonic vibration used in the control must be from 2 MHz to 10 MHz.
5.1.4. The recommended maximum width of each transducer or each active element of the phased array shall be 25 mm in any direction. However, the manufacturer can use larger transducers with the possibility of fixing the adjustment reflector, upon request this possibility must be confirmed.
5.1.5 The equipment shall classify the pipes as suitable, or as doubtful, by means of an automatic level alarm system in combination with the marking and / or registration and / or sorting system.
5.1.6 If manual ultrasonic testing is necessary, it shall be carried out in accordance with Annex A.
NOTE — If monitoring of the wall of a pipe with a thickness of less than 5 mm using this control method presents difficulties in detecting and classifying stratifications, then an alternative control method may be agreed between the manufacturer and the customer.
5.2. Monitoring of the entire peripheral surface of seamless and welded pipes (except SAW)
In the process of monitoring, the tube and the transducer block must move relative to each other so that the scanning of the surface of the pipe allows detection of a stratification with a minimum size equal to or greater than , and with the size of the circle
, as defined in Table 1.
Table 1 — Levels of acceptance and the minimum size that is required to be identified, as well as the maximum allowable size of the stratification when monitoring the entire surface
| Acceptance level | The minimum size of a single bundle to be estimated |
The maximum allowable area of bundles | |||
Area of single stratification |
The size along the circumference or transverse, |
the area of a single stratification, |
Total area of single bundles, area | ||
| per one meter of pipe, no more than | on average per meter of pipe (pipe entirely), not more than | ||||
| U0 |
160 | 6th | 160 | not applicable | not applicable |
| U1 |
9 | 1 | 0.5 | ||
| U2 |
12 | 2 | 1 | ||
| U3 |
15 | 4 | 2 | ||
| |||||
and 
, as a percentage of the pipe surface area
5.3 Inspection of the weld zone of welded steel pipes
During the inspection, the tube and the transducer block must move relative to each other so that a zone of at least 15 mm wide on either side of the weld (as close as possible to the welded seam) passes 100% ultrasonic inspection in order to detect delaminations of minimum length (parallel to the weld), as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 — Acceptance levels and the minimum size that is required to be identified, as well as the maximum allowable stratification size for the control of the near-weld zone
| Levels of acceptance | The minimum length of a single bundle to be evaluated, |
The maximum permissible parameters of the bundles | ||
| Size of single defects | Number of bundles | |||
Length, |
Area (product of length and width), | |||
| U1 |
10 | 20 | 250 | 3 |
| U2 |
20 | 40 | 500 | 4 |
| U3 |
thirty | 60 | 1000 | 5 |
| ||||
and 
5.4 Continuous monitoring of the ends of seamless and welded pipes
5.4.1 If the customer and the manufacturer agree on the inspection of the pipe ends, the pipe end zone on both sides must be checked.
5.4.2 During the inspection, the transducer block must move relative to the pipe from the outer or inner surface of the pipe so that the zone is approximately 25 mm or 2 (
— the nominal thickness of the pipe in millimeters), whichever is greater, but not more than 50 mm, from the outside of the pipe from the cutting of the edges has been checked.
5.4.3 When inspecting the ends of welded pipes welded under a flux when the welded reinforcing bead interferes with the control of the presence of stratifications in and around the seam, a zone of 25 mm on either side of the weld in the absence of an agreement between the customer and the manufacturer is subject to, otherwise to carry out control over the whole circumference, a written agreement must be concluded to remove the gain roller.
6 Tuning sample-pipe
6.1 General
6.1.1 This standard defines tuning patterns suitable for setting up non-destructive testing equipment. The dimensions of the tuning reflectors in these samples should not be interpreted as the minimum size of defects detected by this equipment.
6.1.2 The ultrasonic inspection equipment shall be electronically tuned using any pipe [Clause 7.1, enumeration a)] or by using a tuning reflector such as a flat-bottomed hole, a square or rectangular groove (figure 1) made on the inner surface of a tuning tube sample or a tuning sample). For acceptance level U0 (item 5.2 and table 1), only a flat-bottomed hole should be used for setting [item 7.1, enumeration b)].
Figure 1 — Kind of adjustment reflectors
— height of the reflector;
— length of the rectangular groove;
— the nominal wall thickness;
— width or diameter of the reflector
Figure 1 — Kind of adjustment reflectors
The flat-bottomed hole should be used as the primary for adjusting the sensitivity of the control. In the case of using one of the other types of tuning reflectors, the sensitivity of the control should be adjusted so that it is equivalent to setting the sensitivity at the flat-bottomed hole.
6.1.3. The adjustment groove must be made by mechanical, EDM, or other suitable means.
NOTE — The bottom or bottom angles of the groove can be rounded.
6.1.4. The pipe tuning sample (or part of the scanned tube) shall have the same nominal diameter and thickness, the same surface quality, heat treatment and delivery conditions (eg after rolling, normalized, hardened and tempered), like the pipes to be tested, and should have similar acoustic properties (for example, speed of a sound and factor of attenuation).
6.2 Dimensions of adjustment reflectors
The dimensions of the tuning reflectors (figure 1) should be as follows:
a) width or diameter : 6
mm;
b) Height :
c) Length :
6 mm, but not more than 25 mm.
6.3. Checking the setup samples
Determination of the dimensions and shape of the tuning reflectors is carried out by the method of direct measurements using linear-angular measurements. The declared values of the parameters of the tuning samples containing the tuning reflectors must be confirmed by the measured values in the established order.
7 Setting up and checking the hardware settings
7.1 At the beginning of each monitoring cycle, the equipment must be configured in static mode or without a configuration sample in accordance with 7.1, enumeration a), or using a setup sample in accordance with 7.1, enumeration b):
a) tuning without the use of a tuning sample: the transducer block is mounted on a controlled pipe and the alarm level is set to 6 dB below the amplitude level of the first bottom echo.
The sensitivity of the control can also be established using ARC curves (DAC) provided by either the manufacturer of the transducers or the pipes created by the manufacturer, in both cases using a curve for a flat-bottomed hole with a diameter of 6 mm.
The manufacturer must prove that, with the sensitivity set, the equipment in static mode identifies the tuning reflector specified in 6.1.2 and in figure 1. If this is not the case, then the sensitivity adjustment must be carried out before proceeding to the production pipe inspection;
b) tuning using a tuning reflector: in static mode, the transducer or each unit converter is centered above the tuning reflector, and the alarm level is set according to the maximum amplitude of the echo received from it.
7.2 During the control of the pipes during the production process, the rotational and translational speeds, as well as the repetition frequency of the probing pulses, must be selected in such a way as to ensure complete control of the required pipe section.
7.3 The adjustment of the equipment shall be checked at regular intervals during inspection during the manufacture of pipes of the same diameter, wall thickness and mark.
The frequency of verification of the adjustment of equipment should be carried out at least every 4 hours, as well as when changing the operator and at the beginning and at the end of the production cycle.
7.4 The equipment must be reconfigured if any of the settings that were used during the initial configuration will be changed.
7.5 If calibration requirements are not met during the verification of the setting during production control, even after increasing the sensitivity by 3 dB, taking into account the drift of the system readings, all those who have passed the control of the pipe from the previous verification of the setting must be re-monitored after the equipment has been reconfigured.
8 Acceptance
8.1 General
8.1.1 Any pipe that does not trigger an automatic alarm system (paragraph 7.1) is considered suitable.
8.1.2 Any pipe that caused the activation of an automatic alarm system is indicated as doubtful or, at the discretion of the manufacturer, can be monitored repeatedly. If, after two successive re-control operations, all echoes are lower than the alarm level of the automatic alarm system, the pipe is considered fit; otherwise the pipe is considered doubtful.
To check the ends of the pipe, this condition is applied only in the case when the length of the discontinuity exceeds 6 mm, and it should be recorded, if possible, by the half-amplitude method.
If possible, the evaluation can be carried out using ARC-curves.
8.1.3 Actions for doubtful pipes shall be taken in accordance with 8.2.
8.2 Procedure for doubtful pipes
8.2.1 Inspection in accordance with 5.2
For doubtful pipes, taking into account the requirements of the product standard, one or more of the following operations should be undertaken:
a) the suspect section should be checked by manual ultrasonic testing using longitudinal waves in accordance with Annex A or a suitable automatic or semi-automatic system for determining the extent of delaminations. A pipe is considered fit if the size of the bundle and the total area of the bundles greater than
, and smaller than
(see Table 1), does not exceed the norm;
b) the suspect area should be cut off;
c) The pipe is considered unfit.
8.2.2 Verification in accordance with 5.3
For doubtful pipes, taking into account the requirements of the product standard, one or more of the following operations should be undertaken:
a) the suspect section should be checked by manual ultrasonic testing using longitudinal waves in accordance with Annex A or a suitable automatic or semi-automatic system for determining the extent of delaminations. The pipe is considered suitable if the characteristics (,
), as well as the density (Table 2) of the bundles do not exceed the norm;
(b) If spiral welded or welded pipes welded by submerged arc welding, if there is agreement between the customer and the manufacturer, have stratifications near the welded joint exceeding the corresponding acceptance criteria given in table 2, the welded joints may be subjected to radiographic inspection in accordance with ISO 10893−6 or ISO 10893−7, in order to detect discontinuities in the seam or at the edges of the weld that may not have been detected during the ultrasonic inspection of the weld seam due to the presence of laminations;
c) the suspect area should be cut off;
d) the pipe is considered unfit.
8.2.3. Monitoring in accordance with 5.4.
The manufacturer can either reject the pipe, or cut out the questionable section. In the second case, the manufacturer must ensure that the entire questionable area has been eliminated and the remaining length of the pipe is re-checked as described in 5.4.
9 Control report
If agreed, the manufacturer shall submit to the customer a control protocol that shall include at least the following information:
a) a reference to this standard;
b) a statement of eligibility;
c) any deviation from the agreement or agreed procedures;
d) product designation, grade of steel and dimensions;
e) description of control technology;
f) the method used to calibrate the equipment;
g) description of the sample for adjustment and acceptance level;
h) the date of the test;
i) data of the control operator.
Appendix A (compulsory). The procedure for determining the size of bundles by manual ultrasonic testing
Appendix A
(required)
A.1 General
In this appendix, procedures for manual echo-pulse ultrasonic scanning of pipes to determine the extent of areas in which automatic or semi-automatic control is suspected of the presence of stratification are discussed.
In cases of arbitration between the manufacturer and the customer or his representative, depending on the extent and frequency of detection of bundles, this procedure should be used. It defines the details of the method for determining the dimensions in order to establish the extent and periodicity of the appearance of bundles in steel pipes.
A.2 Surface quality
The surface of the pipe must be sufficiently free from contamination to ensure reliable control.
A.3 Requirements for monitoring equipment
A.3.1 The ultrasonic transducer must be moved on the surface of the pipe manually or using mechanical means. The introduction of an ultrasonic wave into the product must be carried out perpendicular to the surface of the pipe.
A.3.2 When monitoring, one of two types of ultrasound equipment should be used:
a) equipment with a screen indicator and gain control in steps of not more than 2 dB. The gain adjustment should be performed in such a way that ultrasonic signals from the bundles to be evaluated are at a level of 20 to 80% of the screen height;
b) equipment without a screen indicator, which uses devices for automatic measurement / evaluation of the amplitude of the signal. The amplitude measurement unit should be able to estimate the amplitude with an interval not exceeding 2 dB.
A.3.3 If separate-combined (PC) converters are used for manual monitoring to determine the size of zones with the expected presence of bundles, the information in Table A.1 should be taken into account.
Table A.1 — Examples of the use of separately-combined transducers
| Distance from transducer to delamination |
Type of the separately-combined converter |
Location of the transducer acoustic screen |
| Not more than 20 mm | Nominal frequency: 4 to 5 MHz Prism angle: about 0 ° or 5 ° Element size: from 8 to 15 mm Focal length: 10 to 12 mm |
perpendicular to the GNP |
| Rated frequency: 4 MHz Prism angle: about 0 ° or 5 ° Element size: from 18 to 20 mm Focal length: 10 to 15 mm |
parallel to the GNP | |
| Over 20 mm | Rated frequency: 4 MHz Prism angle: about 0 ° or 5 ° Element size: 15 to 25 mm Focal length: 20 to 60 mm |
perpendicular to the GNP |
| ||
A.4 Control technology
Detection of bundles occurs by comparing the amplitude of the echo from the discontinuity with the amplitude of the echo signal from the 6-mm flat-bottomed hole used for tuning.
Only those discontinuities should be considered, the echo signal from which, at least, is equal in amplitude to the echo signal received from the 6-mm flat-bottom hole.
Determination of the extent of bundles that are subject to evaluation should be carried out using the half-amplitude method.
This method requires that the ultrasound transducer moves over a site with an expected transverse stratification (to determine the size ) and in the longitudinal direction (to determine the size
). The suspect section should be scanned 100%. During transverse scanning, the greatest circumferential extension should be determined as the distance between the extreme positions
and
, where the amplitude is half the maximum value (differs by 6 dB from the signal level). If this value is less than the minimum allowable width
, which is subject to evaluation (see Table 1), then no further assessment should be made. Similarly, during longitudinal scanning, the positions
and
(see table 2). Distance between points
and
, and
and
are the maximum width and extension, respectively. The product of these quantities is the area of the bundle.
Appendix YES (informative). Information on the Compliance of Reference International Standards with the National Standards of the Russian Federation
Appendix YES
(reference)
Table YES.1
| Designation of the reference international standard | Degree of conformity | The designation and name of the relevant national standard |
| ISO 5577 | IDT |
GOST R ISO 5577−2009 «Non-destructive testing — Ultrasonic inspection — Dictionary" |
| ISO 9712 | IDT |
GOST R ISO 9712−2009 «Non-destructive testing — Certification and certification of personnel" |
| ISO 11484 | IDT |
Project GOST R ISO 11484 (IDT) «Steel products: the system for assessing the employer’s qualifications of personnel performing non-destructive testing" |
| ISO 10893−6 | IDT |
* |
| ISO 10893−7 | IDT |
* |
| Notes 1 This table uses the following symbol for the degree of conformity of the standards: — IDT — identical standards. * There is no corresponding national standard. Prior to its approval, it is recommended to use the translation into Russian of this international standard. | ||
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UDC 621.774.08: 620.179.16 ACS 23.040.10, 77.040.20, 77.140.75
Keywords: steel pipes, non-destructive testing, ultrasonic method, automatic control
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