GOST 25639-83

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  ГОСТ 25639-83

GOST 25639−83 cast permanent Magnets. Specifications (with Amendments No. 1, 2, 3)

GOST 25639−83*

Group В83

STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR

CAST MAGNETS PERMANENT

Specifications

Casting permanent magnets. Specifications

OKP 42 2971

Date of introduction 1984−01−01

Resolution of the USSR State Committee on standards of February 21, 1983 N 880 the introduction installed from 01.01.84

By the decree of Gosstandart of the USSR from 16.12.86 3845 N validity extended to 01.01.90**
_________________
** Expiration removed by the resolution of Gosstandart of the USSR from 30.07.91 N 1314 (IUS N 11, 1991). — Note the manufacturer’s database.

* REISSUE (March 1987) with Amendments No. 1, 2 approved in September 1984, December 1986 (ICS 1−85, 3−87).

AMENDED N 3, approved and put into effect by the Decree of Committee of standardization and Metrology of the USSR dated 30.07.91 N 1314 from 01.01.92

Change No. 3 made by the manufacturer of the database in the text IUS N 11, 1991


This standard applies to cast permanent magnets (more magnets), intended for use in electrical and electronic appliances, automation equipment, elements of control systems and other products.

The standard does not apply to magnets, manufactured according to GOST 24936−81*.
________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST 24936−89. Here and hereinafter. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

Explanation of terms used in the standard given in the informational Appendix 1.

The standard applies to magnets designed for the needs of the national economy and exports.

Requirements PP.1.1−1.3; 2.1−2.3; 2.4.4−2.5; 2.6.1; 2.6.2; 2.8 the present standard are mandatory, other requirements are recommended.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

1. TYPES, BASIC PARAMETERS

1.1. The magnets at the design and technological features are divided into 11 types. Types of magnets 1−10 is given in recommended Appendix 2.

To design and technological features include:

geometric shape;

the shape and location of poles;

a magnetic texture or the direction of magnetization in the control;

brand alloy.

Conditional denotation of types of magnets, structural and technological characteristics, magnetic parameters typical of magnets of each type shall be as given in table.1.

Table 1

Constructive-technological features of magnets
Type MAG- Nita	The geometry- cal form	Section, perpendi- colerne line namani- stage casing	Magnetic texture or line tion namani- stage casing	The number and location of poles	The magnetic parameters characteristic for magnet	Scope
Solid:	Continuous without holes:	Directly linear along length	Bipolar with plasmopara- Lennie poles	, , , , ,	Magnets for different purposes (electric measuring devices, communications equipment, radio equipment, machine adapted to Deposit, grips, block structure)
1A	cylinders	round
1B	prism	rectangular
Hollow:	DC hole:	Directly linear along length	Bipolar with plasmopara- Lennie poles	, , ,	Universal magnets for various devices
2A	cylinders	round
2B	prism	figure
3	Solid cylinders with flats, grooves- recesses	Alternating rectangular without holes	Directly linear along the diameter	Bipolar with neanover- genimi poles	, , , , ,	Vnutriramochnym magnets (devices magnetoelectric- cal system, the magnetoelectric converters, photoexplorer, bipolar microelectronicii)
Petal with hole:	Alternating rectangular without holes	Directly linear along the diameter	Bipolar with neanover- genimi poles	,	Movable magnets for electrical appliances and Electromechanical converters.
4A	type- cal
4B	oval
4B	ellipsoidal- nye
Solid with kivalina- tion, spherical surfaces, projections, recesses:	AC or DC without holes:	Directly linear along length	Bipolar with plasmopara- Lennie poles	, , ,	Magnets for electronic equipment, transducers, stators of electric machines
5A	prism	rectangular
5B	truncated cone	round
5V	truncated pyramid	rectangular
Hollow with kivalina- tion, spherical surfaces, projections, recesses:	Alternating with round or shaped hole:	Directly linear along length	Bipolar with plasmopara- Lennie poles	, , ,	Universal magnets for various devices
6A	prism	rectangular
6b	truncated cone	round
6V	truncated pyramid	rectangular or shaped
Hollow cylinders with:	AC:	Directly linear along the diameter	Bipolar with implicit expression of the poles	, , , , ,	Magnets for a two pole rotors of electric machines, converters of non-electrical quantities into electrical
7a	the flats	rectangular
7b	projections	figure
7b	recesses	figure
Kaboobers- nye:	DC and AC of different forms	Crooked- linear	Two-pole (pole is not parallel to or located measures in the same plane)	, , , , ,	Universal magnets primarily for devices with an external magnet (electrosphere- tional devices, a focusing device, electronic equipment)
8A	simple profile
8b	complex profile
Complex outer profile	With holes:	Crooked- linear	Multipolar with explicitly and implicitly expressed by the poles	, ,	Magnets for rotors of electric machines and stepper motors
9a	rectangular
9b	figure
Magnetic system:	Complex	Crooked- linear	Two — and four- pole	, ,	Mainly in electronics
10A	The C-shaped dvuhskatnye
10B	horseshoe- shaped
10B	F-shaped
11	Arbitrary	DC or AC	Directly linear or curve- linear	Two — and many- pole	Installed is arranged between the pre — acceptance- izgotovit- producer and consumer	Universal magnets for various devices

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

1.2. The main magnetic parameters of magnets are:

conditional coercive force of the magnetization ;

magnetic induction in the gap simulating the magnetic system ;

the magnetic flux in the gap simulating the magnetic system ;

residual magnetic flux in a closed magnetic circuit ;

residual magnetic flux in an open magnetic circuit ;

the magnetic flux in the control or simulate a magnetic system ;

conditional residual induction ;

a magnetic moment .

Note. It is possible to mount additional magnetic parameters of magnets depending on their purpose and specified on the design drawings, approved in the established order.

1.3. The symbol magnet

Note. To separate groups of digits dot.


Example of designation type of magnet 2A made of alloy grade ЮН14ДК24 with a sequence number according to the numbering system of the manufacturer 58:

MLP 2a.09.0058

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.1. The magnets must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard, working drawings, approved in the prescribed manner.

Requirements for the magnets intended for export, — the contract between the enterprise and foreign trade organization or contract.

2.2. The magnets must be made of magnetic materials, brands and features which should correspond to GOST 17809−72 or another NTD.

2.1, 2.2. (Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

2.3. Magnetic parameters

2.3.1. Magnetic properties of magnets can be characterized by one or more parameters specified in claim 1.2 and table 1.

2.3.2. The values of the magnetic parameters must be specified in the working drawing on the specific magnet type.

2.4. Design requirements

2.4.1 the size of the magnets, the limit deviations of dimensions and deviations of shape and position of surfaces should match the working drawings.

If unspecified on the drawing, limiting the deviations of form and position of surfaces of the magnet allowed any deviations within the permissible deviations of sizes.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

2.4.2. (Deleted, Rev. N 3).

2.4.3. The magnet design developed after January 1, 1984, must be technologically advanced to manufacture. Requirements for the technological design of the magnet is set depending on moulding techniques in accordance with the requirements recommended in Annex 4.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1, 3).

2.4.4. Limit deviations of the dimensions of the magnets, are not subjected to the sizing treatment, depending on the accuracy class of their manufacture shall be as given in table.2.

Table 2

mm

The greatest overall dimension magnets are not exposed to dimensional processing	Limit deviations for nominal size magnets are not exposed to dimensional processing
up to 50	over 50 to 100	over 100 to 200	over 200 up to 500
I accuracy class
SV. 5 to 100	±0,3	±0,4	±0,6
SV. 100 to 200	±0,4	±0,5
For II class of accuracy
SV. 5 to 100	±0,5	±0,8
SV. 100 to 200	±0,8	±1,0	±1,2
SV. 200 to 300	±1,0	±1,2	±1,5	±2,0
For III accuracy class
SV. 12 to 300	±1,2	±1,5	±2,0	±2,5

Note. For magnets manufactured in the form of billets, by agreement with the consumer allowed to increase the limit of deviations of certain sizes specified in table.2.


(Changed edition, Rev. N 1, 2, 3).

2.4.5. Accuracy class of magnets, are not subjected to the dimension processing must be specified on the working drawing for the specific magnet type.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

2.4.6. Molding draft angles and tolerances for angular dimensions shall conform to the requirements of GOST 3212−80* and ST SEV 178−75. The machining allowances set depending on methods of casting and casting size according to the reference 5.
______________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST 3212−92. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

2.4.7. Limit deviations of the dimensions of the magnets subjected to the sizing treatment, should correspond to GOST 25347−82 and installed by agreement of the manufacturer with the enterprise-consumer.

(Added, Rev. N 3).

2.5. The mass of the magnet (reference) is specified on the working drawing on the magnet.

Maximum deviations of the mass of the magnet depending on the accuracy class of its manufacture shall be as given in table.3.

Table 3

The nominal mass of magnet, kg	Limit deviation, in %, for accuracy classes
I	II	III
To 0.1	9	15	30
SV. 0.1 to 1.0	4	10	13,5
SV. 1,0	2	4,5	6,5

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

2.6. Requirements to the surface quality

2.6.1. Requirements to the surface quality shall be as specified in the working drawing on the specific magnet type.

The types and parameters of the normalized surface defects are agreed with the customer depending on the purpose of the magnet.

The types, basic concepts and definitions of defects are listed in Annex 8.

The main provisions of regulation of the defects are listed in Annex 9.

2.6.2. The surface of the magnets, are not subjected to the sizing treatment, needs to be cleaned of burrs, bays, foundry penetration, the remnants of the sprues and spray metal to the tolerances given in table.2.

Defects measuring up to 1 mmin determining the total area occupied by surface defects, do not strip.

On the surfaces of the magnets subjected to the sizing treatment of allowed traces of processing cutting tool in the form of lines and grids, traces of electrophysical and electrochemical treatments.

Lack the metallic gloss is not a rejection symptom.

2.6.3. On the raw surfaces of the magnets allowed the junctions and process the remainder of the feeder if it does not impair the Assembly and performance of a system. In areas that cannot be cleaned in cleaning machines, allowed the burned-on food and bays. Deviation from the size of the magnet needs to be specified in the working drawing on the magnet.

2.6.1−2.6.3. (Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

2.6.4, 2.6.5. (Deleted, Rev. N 3).

2.7. Requirements for resistance to external influences

2.7.1. The magnets must withstand in operation exposure to the following factors:

vibration loads with a frequency of 1−300 Hz with acceleration up to 100g;

repeated impact loads with acceleration 75g (740 m/s) with a frequency of 60−120 beats per minute and pulse duration up to 100 MS; number of bumps — not less than 10000;

ambient temperature — from minus 60 to plus 150 °C;

atmospheric pressure from 8 to 150 kPa (mm Hg 60−1130.St.);

relative environment humidity up to 80%.

2.8. The service life of the magnets to the cancellation — at least 20 years.

The criterion of the limiting state is the mismatch values of the magnetic parameters of the magnet specified in the working drawing on the specific magnet.

2.7.1, 2.8. (Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

2.9. Magnets must be accompanied by technical documentation according to GOST 2.601−68*.
______________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST 2.601−2006. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

The manufacturer in agreement with the consumer provides the control magnets.

(Added, Rev. N 2).

3. ACCEPTANCE RULES

3.1. To check magnets for compliance with the requirements of this standard perform the following types of testing: acceptance and qualification for the magnets utilized in the production;

acceptance, periodic and standard — for magnets production.

3.2. Tests carried out in the scope and sequence specified in table.4.

3.3. Magnet experiments for resistance to external influences is carried out in the enterprise-the customer of the magnets in the composition of specific products or the magnetic system, which is a magnet.

3.4. Acceptance and qualification tests carried out by sampling according to GOST 16493−70 or GOST 18242−72. Control plan and the option of rejection should be indicated in the working drawing on the magnet.

The selection of magnets in the sample is carried out by selection of «blindly» according to GOST 18321−73.

3.5. Under the control of magnetic parameters of magnets are controlled by the variance parameter values of the manufacturer and the customer should not exceed 6% of the flux, the conditional coercive force, magnetic induction.

Table 4

Types of inspections or tests	Test category				Item number
Receiving acceptance	The periodic cal	Job- certification	Prie- Moonie	requirements	control methods
1. Verification of compliance to the design requirements	+	+	+	+	2.4	4.4
2. Check the quality of the surface	+	+	+	+	2.6	4.5
3. Check magnetic parameters of the magnet	+	+	+	+	2.3	4.2
4. Weight test	-	+	+	+	2.5	4.4.3
5. Check the quality of the alloy:
a) chemical composition	-	+	-	+	The respective magnetic material according to GOST 17809−72 or another NTD
b) magnetic parameters	-	+	-	+
6. Test for resistance to external influencing factors	-	-	-	+	2.7	3.3
7. Check packing	+	-	+	-	5.2; 5.4
8. Completeness checks	+	+	-	-	2.9

Note. The test mass and chemical composition is performed on a random sample of the magnets in the amount of 3−10 PC.

3.6. Acceptance testing is carried out in all pilot batches of magnets according to the plan of continuous monitoring.

3.7. Periodic testing is carried out at least once a year on a sample of magnets in an amount of not less than 15 PCs.

The selection of magnets in the sample is carried out by selection of «blindly» according to GOST 18321−73.

3.8. Routine tests, if necessary, holds the manufacturer when changes are made in the design, manufacturing techniques or materials used, if these changes can affect the quality of the magnets.

The test is performed according to the program approved in the prescribed manner.

According to test results, decide about the desirability of making changes in the technical documentation.

3.9. If unsatisfactory results of the calibration and model testing at least one type of inspections specified in the table.4, the test is performed again at twice the sample. The results of repeated tests are final.

3.10. When acceptance tests allowed the control of magnetic characteristics by comparison with the control magnet is agreed between the manufacturer and the consumer.

Section 3. (Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

4. TEST METHODS

4.1. All testing of the magnets and measurements of their parameters should be carried out in normal climate conditions according to GOST 15150−69.

4.2. Check magnetic parameters

4.2.1. Used measuring equipment and requirements to it, is given in the mandatory Annex 6.

Check magnetic parameters of magnets carried on a attorney the measuring apparatus.

Instrumentation check using a test magnet.

The procedure of calibration of the equipment listed in the recommended Annex 7.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

4.2.2. Before checking the magnetic parameters of the controlled magnets need to be magnetized before magnetization of technical saturation. Magnetizing apparatus for magnetizing magnets of the magnetization to technical saturation is allowed to check on the recommended Annex 7.

4.2.3. When you specify a conditional coercive force on magnetization (p.2.3.1) a magnetized magnet should be placed in a solenoid coercimeter so that the direction of magnetization of the magnet was opposite to the field direction of the solenoid. Increasing the current in the solenoid, the fixed current value corresponding to the zero reading of the null indicator when you move the magnet relative to the transducer, the zero-indicator (coils) at a distance equal to at least half the length of the magnet in the direction of magnetization.

The value of a conditional coercive force in A/m in magnetization is calculated by the formula

, (1)

where  — a constant of solenoid, m;

 — the value of the current corresponding to the zero reading of the null indicator when you move the magnet relative to the measuring coil, A.

Allow the definition of coercive force by another method.

4.2.4. The magnetic induction in the gap of the magnetic system simulates (p.2.3.1) you should define one of the following methods:

using the gaussmeter with the Hall Converter;

induction-pulse method using a measuring coil and a fluxmeter.

4.2.4.1. When determining with a meter of the magnetic induction transducer of the meter should be placed in a certain area of the gap simulates the magnetic system magnetized with a magnet and record the deflection indicating device of the meter.

4.2.4.2. Determination of induction-pulse method should be carried out by placing and retrieving measurement coil out of the gap simulates the magnetic system or by controlled removal of the magnet from the simulating of the magnetic system.

4.2.4.3. The method of determining the location of the transducer gaussmeter or measuring coil in the gap, simulating a magnetic system (as in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of the magnetic field) must be installed in the working drawing on the magnet.

4.2.4.4. The value of magnetic induction in TL should be calculated by the formula

, (2)

where  — a constant of the fluxmeter, the WB/del.;

the deflection of the fluxmeter, del.;

() is a constant of the measuring coil, m.

4.2.5. The definition of magnetic flux in the gap simulating the magnetic system , the residual magnetic flux in a closed circuit , the residual magnetic flux in open circuit , the magnetic flux in the control or simulate a magnetic system , the conditional residual induction , magnetic moment (p.2.3.1) should be induction-pulse method using a measuring coil and a fluxmeter (or ballistic galvanometer).

4.2.5.1. In determining the controlled magnet to be drawn from simulating the magnetic system or remove the measuring coil out of the gap simulates the magnetic system, fixing the deflection of the fluxmeter.

The value of the magnetic flux in the gap simulating the magnetic system should be calculated according to the formula

, (3)

where is the number of turns of the measuring coil.

4.2.5.2. In determining and magnetized magnet should be extracted from the magnetic or magnetizing device and record the deflection of the device , and then, removing with magnet measuring coil, locking the second deflection device .

4.2.5.3. The value of the magnetic flux in a closed circuit in the WB should be calculated according to the formula

. (4)

The value of the residual induction * TL should be calculated by the formula

*, (5)

where and  — the deflection of the fluxmeter division.
________________
* Formula and explication to it correspond to the original. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

4.2.5.4. When determining the sensing coil must be placed on a particular area of the magnetized magnet, then rip off the magnet, record the deflection of the fluxmeter.

The value of the magnetic flux in WB in open circuit should be calculated according to the formula

. (6)

4.2.5.5. In determining , , the location of the measuring coil must be specified in the working drawing on the magnet.

4.2.5.6. When you define a magnetized magnet should be removed from the control or simulate the magnetic system, fixing the deflection of the fluxmeter.

The value of the magnetic flux in WB or in control simulating magnetic system should be calculated according to the formula

, (7)

where is a coefficient determined by the design of this device (the number of magnetic poles of the control system).

The measuring windings are located at the poles of the magnetic control of the magnetic system.

4.2.5.7. In the determination of the magnetic moment of a magnetized magnet should be placed into the measuring coil so that the axis of magnetization of the magnet coincides with the axis of the coil, and the center of the magnet with the center of the coil. The angle between the axis of magnetization of the magnet and the axis of the coil should not be more than 5°, the displacement of the centre magnet relative to the coil center should not be more than 2 mm; then the magnet is removed from the coil and record the deflection of the fluxmeter.

The value of the magnetic moment in A·mshould be calculated according to the formula

, (8)

where is the flux linkage between the magnet and the measuring coil, WB;

 — magnetic constant, equal to GN/m;

 — permanent measurement of the coil m.

4.3. Checking the quality of the alloy (n.2.2) should be carried out according to GOST 17809−72 or another NTD.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

4.4. Test magnets according to the design requirements

4.4.1. (Deleted, Rev. N 3).

4.4.2. Verification of geometrical parameters of the magnets should be a universal measuring tool, or the ultimate calibration tool error not exceeding the established GOST 8.051−81.

4.4.3. Weight check magnet (p.2.5) is carried out by weighing 3−10 magnets by calculating the arithmetic average of the mass of the magnet. The weighing error of the magnets should not exceed ±0,1% of the mass of the magnet.

4.4.2, 4.4.3. (Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

4.5. Check the quality of the surfaces of the magnet (p.2.6) for compliance with the requirements of this standard, the requirements specified in the working drawing on a magnet, is carried out by visual examination and with the help of the universal measuring tool.

4.6. Control of the lifetime is carried out by results of processing of the information received from the consumer, the reliability of the products, which are designed magnets.

(Added, Rev. N 1. Changed the wording, Rev. N 3).

5. MARKING, PACKAGING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

5.1. Marking of transport containers must comply with GOST 14192−77* and enable manipulation signs: «Caution, fragile!», «Afraid of moisture!».
______________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST 14192−96. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

5.2. Packaging

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2).

5.2.1. Packaging magnets to protect the magnets during transportation and storage.

(Added, Rev. N 2).

5.2.2. (Added, Rev. N 2. Deleted, Rev. N 3).

5.2.3. Magnets should be Packed in wooden cases of types II-1, III-1, III-2 according to GOST 2991−85 or GOST 18617−83.

It is possible to use other types of containers, with the strength parameters are indicated below.

The box inside should be lined with waterproof material so that its ends are above the edges of the box to a value more than half the length and width of the box.

As the waterproof material should be applied:

paper brands BU-B BU-D GOST 515−77;

paper double-layered wrapping according to GOST 8828−75* and other waterproof materials with characteristics not lower than those specified.
______________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST 8828−89. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

The space between the walls of the box and Packed the magnets must be filled with a cushioning material.

As a cushioning material should be used:

chips stamps, ISS GOST 5244−79;

corrugated cardboard according to GOST 7376−84* and other materials having cushioning properties are not listed below.
______________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST 7376−89. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

Option of corrosion protection according to the GOST 9.014−78 — magnets subjected to the sizing treatment, should be installed in the working drawing on the magnet; magnets are not subjected to the sizing treatment, — OT-0 according to the GOST 9.014−78.

(Added, Rev. N 2. Changed the wording, Rev. N 3).

5.3. Magnets should be Packed in nanomagnetism condition.

Permitted by agreement with the consumer packaging and transport of magnets in the condition of magnetization to technical saturation. This should be taken measures to prevent their samarasinha and compliance requirements to the goods established for the transport of the relevant species.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

5.4. In a container with a magnet put in the document that contains the following data:

the designation of the magnet and the drawing of the magnet;

the mass of the magnets netto, kg;

conclusion TCI of magnets according to requirements of the working drawing of this standard or quantity;

the number of the packer;

the date of packaging;

the OTK stamp.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2, 3).

5.5. Transportation of magnets is allowed by all kinds of transport at any distance, in accordance with the rules of cargo transportation applicable to transportation of each type.

River transport magnets is transported in containers or in bags according to GOST 21929−76.

5.6. Conditions of transportation of the magnets in the part of the climatic influences of environmental factors, from plus 60 °to minus 60 °C, and the impact of transport shaking — acceleration 3 (3,5) g when the frequency of strikes from 1.5 to 2 in 1 s

5.7. Storage conditions Packed magnets in the impact of climatic factors of environment — ОЖ2 according to GOST 15150−69.

5.8. The shelf life of the magnets in the packaging of the manufacturer — not more than 6 months; after which the magnets are subject to repackaging.

Further repackaging is carried out once a year.

6. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

6.1. To ensure the stability of magnetic parameters in the process of operation, the magnets must be subjected to magnetic stabilization of the consumer according to normative-technical documentation for the product that uses a magnet.

6.2. In the operation of the magnets in conditions of high humidity (over 80%) and moisture condensation on their surfaces, and the presence in the environment of chemically active substances the magnets before installation into the product should be subjected to anti-corrosion coating.

6.3. The enterprise-consumer is allowed:

fill magnets, metal alloys and non-metallic materials;

metal plating, welding, painting, napressovannye brace, machining and other kinds of improvements of the magnets, which does not lead to the destruction of the magnets or reduce the magnetic properties.

7. MANUFACTURER’S WARRANTY

7.1. The manufacturer guarantees the conformity of the magnets with the requirements of this standard if the conditions of operation, storage and transportation.

7.2. Warranty period of operation of the magnets is 12 years from the date of commissioning.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

ANNEX 1 (reference). EXPLANATIONS OF TERMS USED IN THIS STANDARD

ANNEX 1
Reference

The term	Explanation
Conditional coercive force of the magnetization	The strength of the external homogeneous magnetic field directed opposite to the direction of magnetization of the magnet is required to bring the magnetization to zero in a certain area of the magnet or along its length
Magnetic induction in the gap of the magnetic system simulating	Magnetic induction created by the magnet in the gap simulating the magnetic system, in accordance with the terms of the magnetization
The magnetic flux in the gap simulating the magnetic system	Magnetic flux generated by the magnet in the gap, simulating the system under identified conditions of magnetization
Residual magnetic flux in a closed magnetic circuit	Magnetic flux in a closed magnetic circuit, remaining after magnetization of the magnet of the magnetization to technical saturation and reduce the strength of the external magnetizing field to zero
Conditional residual induction	Magnetic induction in a closed circuit, remaining after magnetization of the magnet of the magnetization to technical saturation and reduce the strength of the external magnetizing field to zero
The magnetic moment	According to GOST 19880−74
A control magnet system	Magnetic system with a partially closed magnetic circuit, creating the calculated non-magnetic gaps between the poles of a magnet and magnetic circuit design which ensures the fixation of the platforms magnet with magnetising and measuring windings, designed to measure the average magnetic flux from the poles of a magnet
Simulating magnetic system	The magnetic system is designed to determine magnetic parameters and different from the working of the magnetic system configuration and material
Sizing	According to GOST 24936−81
Inductive transducer	According to GOST 20906−75
Galvanomagnetic transducer	According to GOST 20906−75
The technical saturation magnetization	According to GOST 19693−74
The control magnet	Magnet to verify that measuring equipment is certified in the established order on the manufacturer having a certificate in which the value is determined by the magnetic parameter
A closed magnetic circuit	The magnetic circuit where the field strength on the surface of the magnet by reducing the strength of the external magnetizing field to zero does not exceed 1 kA/m
Qualification tests	GOST 16504−81
Residual magnetic flux in an open magnetic circuit	The magnetic flux in a cross section of the magnet remote from the ferromagnetic masses
The magnetic flux in the control magnetic system or simulate a magnetic system	Magnetic flux generated by the magnet in the magnetic control of the magnetic system or simulate a magnetic system with non-magnetic gap and passing through the measuring coil

(Changed edition, Rev. N 3).

APPENDIX 2 (recommended). EXAMPLES OF DESIGNS WITH MAGNETS

ANNEX 2
Recommended

Solid two-pole magnets

Types 1A, 1B

Type 3

Type 5B

Types 8A, 8b

Two — and multi-pole magnets

Two — and multi-pole magnets

Types 2A, 2B

Types 4A, 4B, 4C

The types 6b, 6C

Types 7a, 7b, 7C

The types 9a, 9b

Magnetic systems

Magnetic systems

Types 10A, 10B

Appendix 3. (Deleted, Rev. N 1).

APPENDIX 4 (recommended). REQUIREMENTS of MANUFACTURABILITY of CASTINGS, MAGNETS, DEVELOPED AFTER JANUARY 1, 1984, depending on the METHODS of CASTING

ANNEX 4
Recommended*
__________________
* The status of the application.
Changed the wording, Rev. N 3.

Dimensions in mm

The name of the dimensions of the casting design	Limit values for castings
in dry sand molds	investment casting
The minimum overall size	12	5
Minimum wall thickness	12	5
The minimum diameter of the hole at a height	12	5
The minimum radius of the fillet, fillet	2	1
The minimum mass of casting, g	50	5

Note. Low-tech should be considered: magnets with metal inserts, magnets complicated configuration due to the design elements that are required only for fastening, fixing, etc.


(Changed edition, Rev. N 1).

ANNEX 5 (reference). THE MACHINING ALLOWANCES

ANNEX 5
Reference

Molding	Overall dimensions of castings, mm, not more	Stock on the side, mm, not less
Top*	Bottom*	Side*
In dry sand molds	50	0,9	0,8	0,8
100	1,0	0,8	0,8
200	1,5	1,0	1,0
Investment casting and refractory shapes	30	0,6	0,6	0,6
50	0,7	0,6	0,6
100	1,0	0,8	0,8

______________
* The position of the hand when pouring.

APPENDIX 6 (mandatory). MEASURING APPARATUS

APPENDIX 6
Mandatory

1. The electromagnet is intended for the magnetization and measurement of magnetic parameters of two-pole magnets should satisfy the following requirements:

the magnetic core of the electromagnet must be made either solid or laminated made of magnetic material:

for the magnetization, with coercive force of not more than 0.4 kA/m;

to determine the magnetic parameters with a coercive force not more than 0.2 kA/m;

the geometric dimensions of the pole tip of the magnet should be associated with the geometric dimensions of the magnets controlled by the following equations:

when ;

and when ;

when ,

where  — the maximum linear size of the magnet in the direction of the magnetizing field;

 — maximum linear dimension of the magnet in the direction perpendicular to the magnetizing field;

the minimal transverse linear dimension of the pole tip of the electromagnet;

the design of the pole pieces of the electromagnet should provide tight contact with the surface of the poles of the magnet, with magnets with curved pole surface is allowed to apply the inserts to the proper profile, made of magnetic material;

the power of the electromagnet should be made from a DC network;

allowed power of an electromagnet to produce by pulse discharge of a capacitor Bank or by filing a series of unipolar current pulses from a pulse generator.

2. Control magnetic system for magnetizing and sensing of magnetic flux must satisfy the following requirements:

the number of poles must match the number of poles of the magnet;

the magnetic core shall be made of a magnetic material with a coercive force not more than 0.2 kA/m;

the coils of the measuring winding should be located at the poles of the magnetic circuit is not more than 15 mm from the working pole; it is possible to place the measuring windings on alternate poles;

winding data connection circuits of the magnetizing and measuring windings and their location on the poles must be installed in the drawing on the magnet;

for each coil the number of turns per pole must be the same, and the connection of the windings of the measuring coil between the poles should be consistent in the direction of the magnetizing current.

When the control magnets along the flow length of the nonmagnetic gap from the pole of the magnet to the pole of the control magnetic system should be calculated according to the formula

, (1)

where is the length of the non-magnetic gap from the pole of the magnet to the pole of the control magnetic system, mm;

 — the average length of the lines of magnetic induction in the magnet, mm.

 — the numerical value of the average relationship is at a point according to GOST 17809-applied 72для alloy.

Setup for the pulsed magnetization of the magnets in the composition of the control of the magnetic system must have some technical parameters that retrieve system values of the field strength is sufficient to maintain the magnetization of technical saturation.

3. Simulating the magnetic system, is designed to determine magnetic parameters of magnets should satisfy the following requirements:

the configuration and dimensions of the magnetic circuit simulating the system needs to ensure that her placed in the magnet in a desired magnetic state;

material simulating the magnetic system should have a coercive force of not more than 0.2 kA/m.

4. Coercimeters used to determine the coercive force can be type solenoid with a partially closed magnetic circuit or the type of solenoid.

4.1. The solenoid and power source coercimeter type solenoid must provide a constant, homogeneous in the working gap, continuously adjustable the magnitude of the magnetic field.

4.2. The maximum value field of the solenoid must not be less than the possible maximum value of the coercive force of the magnets upon magnetization.

4.3. Voltage fluctuations of the power source coercimeter should not lead to a change in the value field of the solenoid more than 1% during the measurement of the coercive force of a magnet.

4.4. The deviation from uniformity of the field in the area occupied by the test magnet while measuring, should not be more than 5%, and in the area occupied by the measuring coil (which is a Converter of zero-indicator), more than 1%.

Determination of the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field in the solenoid coercimeter should be performed with a coil for measuring the magnetic field, and a fluxmeter.

4.5. The ripple factor of power supply must not exceed 3%.

4.6. In determining the constant of the solenoid , the error should not exceed ±1,5%. Ammeter to determine the constant of the solenoid should have an accuracy class not less than 0.5. The scale reading of the ammeter should be in the last third of the scale.

4.7. Ammeter to measure the current values of the solenoid should have an accuracy class not less than 0.5. The scale reading of the ammeter should be in the last third of the scale.

4.8. The null indicator must have a scale no more than 2 kA/m, the variation of the readings is not more than one division and zero drift during the measurement is not more than one division.

4.9. The coercimeter must have a non-magnetic insert with a socket for fixing the initial position of the magnet and its movement during the measurement, providing:

tolerance of parallelism of the axis of the solenoid with the axis of magnetization of the magnet 5°;

the tolerance of the symmetry of the position measuring coil (which is a Converter of zero-indicator) relative to the poles of the magnet 5°.

4.10. As a Converter of zero-indicator coercimeter, in addition to the measurement coil is also allowed to use paramodulation galvanomagnetic and other converters.

4.11. When used as a coercimeter solenoid with a partially closed magnetic circuit, the demagnetizing field tensions should be measured by a teslameter with the location of the sensor of the teslameter in the plane of the neutral section of a magnet directly from the magnet surface.

5. The Converter of the magnetic induction in the gap simulating the magnetic system can be inductive, galvanomagnetic, magneto-resistive, etc.

6. The measuring coil for measuring the induction in the gap of the simulating system .

6.1. Certification of the measuring coil must be carried out in accordance with the current calibration scheme according to GOST 8.030−83*.
______________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation GOST 8.030−91. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

6.2. Dimensions coil must be installed in agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer of magnets.

7. As a sensor of magnetic flux in the measurement , and use the measuring coil made according to the drawing designed by the manufacturer. The manufacturer should send a drawing of the enterprise-the consumer.

7.1. Coil width in the direction of magnetization of the magnet must not exceed 50% of the length of the magnet. The distance from the surface of the magnet or of the magnetic circuit at the location of the coil to the most remote active part of the turns of the coil should not exceed 5 mm, and in determining  — 3 mm, provided that distance is defined by the magnet or magnetic core, manufactured with a maximum drawing size.

7.2. As a sensor of magnetic flux in the measurement is the measuring coil, the location of which is established in the documentation on simulating the magnetic system.

8. Distributed multi-layered coil is used for the determination of the magnetic moment.

8.1. (Deleted, Rev. N 3).

8.2. The ordinary coil winding, turn to turn.

8.3. Constant of the measuring coil must be defined with a magnet, the certified value of the magnetic moment by Gosstandart for GOST 8.231−84.

The method of determining the constant should be similar to the method used to determine the magnetic moment (see p.4.2.5.7). The value of the constant of the measuring coil should be calculated according to the formula

, (2)

where  — a constant of the measuring coil, m;

the flux linkage between the permanent magnet and the coil, WB;

 — magnetic constant, equal to GN/m;

 — certified magnetic moment of the magnet, And·m.

Determination of the constant of the coil should be at least 5 times, for a result should take the arithmetic mean value

E.

9. A control magnet in magnetic parameters, size, shape, presence of defects and surface roughness must meet the requirements of the drawing on the magnet.

9.1. The control magnet must be certified in the prescribed manner and to be marked, and a passport or a certificate approved by the manufacturer and agreed with the customer on their request. Magnets, whose dimensions do not allow to apply the marking may be mounted on special base on which the labeling.

(Changed edition, Rev. N 2, 3).

APPENDIX 7 (recommended). THE PROCEDURE FOR CALIBRATION OF EQUIPMENT

ANNEX 7
Recommended

1. The calibration of magnetic measuring instrument bodies, departmental metrological service carried out at least once a year according to the normative-technical documentation approved in the established order.

2. Providing a magnetizing devices of the magnet material when the magnetization of the magnetization to technical saturation should be checked at least once per month. With this purpose a control magnet or a magnet with known magnetic parameters should be magnetized by using a magnetizer magnetic field, whose value is 25% below the operating value of the field, and to determine the values of magnetic parameters.

Magnetizer should be considered to ensure the magnetization of the magnet material prior to magnetization of technical saturation, if the magnetizing field is reduced by 25%, reduces the values of the parameters of this magnet is more than 2%.

3. Health check magnetizers produce on control magnets or magnets with known parameters. The magnetizing device is considered operable if the measured values determined by the magnetic parameter of the control magnet (magnet with known magnetic parameters) are different from the values recorded in the passport for this magnet is not more than ±3%.

4. Converters, which are part of a standardized instrument, to check instructions or passport on the device.

5. Unstandardized inverters and converters, are part of non-standardized instruments and devices being checked according to GOST 8.326−78.

6. Verification simulates the magnetic system and the control of the magnetic system is performed according to the control magnets (magnets with a known magnetic parameters); the measured values of the magnetic parameters of the control magnets (magnets with a known magnetic parameters) to simulate magnetic systems (magnetic, and control systems) must not differ from the values recorded in the passport for this magnet, by more than ±3%.

7. Calibration of the measuring coils is carried out by the control magnets.

ANNEX 8 (informative). The types and explanations of defects on the surface of the magnets

ANNEX 8
Reference

Kind of defect	An explanation of the defect
Sink	According to GOST 19200−80
Non-metallic inclusions	The same
Spay	"
Uterina	"
Uimina	«
Nikitina	«
Bay	«
Underfilling	«
Wylam	«
The penetration	«
Folding	«
Desperately	The defect of distortion of the magnet surface when cutting workpieces, dimensional processing
Chernavina	Nevyhovovaly surface
Surface damage	The defect in the form of surface distortion resulting from accidental mechanical impact
Skol	A defect in the integrity of the edges, corners magnet
Crack	A defect in the form of a tear or strain of the body of the magnet
Digging crystal	The deepening on the surface due to chipping of the crystal or crystal parts
Prigov	Local darkening (color tint) when roughing operations or on the machined surface due to high temperature in the cutting zone

APPENDIX 8. (Added, Rev. N 3).

ANNEX 9 (reference). The main provisions of regulation defects

ANNEX 9
Reference

1. The area affected is part of the area of the nominal surface bounded by the contour (perimeter) of the defect.

1.1. The area of the defect under consideration, the nominal area when the defect affects its edge, takes into account only the part that belongs to that surface (Fig.1).

Damn.1

 — the defect area of the surface And
 — the area of the defect surface B

1.2. In determining the total area of defects on the considered nominal surface take into account all the areas of the defects belonging to this surface (Fig.2).

Damn.2

The total area of the surface defects A:
The total area of the surface defects B:

1.3. In determining the total area of the defects existing on the magnet, take into account the defects are located in all nominal surfaces.

2. Defect length — the distance between two maximally remote from each other belonging to the defect points.

2.1. When determining the combined length of the defects present on the magnet, take into account all of their length (Fig.3).

Damn.3

The total length of the surface defects:
cracks
other —

2.2. If the length of a single defect is not standardized, it can be any within the total length.

3. The depth of the defect distance from the most remote points to the nominal surface in a direction normal to her.

3.1. When determining the depth of a defect located on an edge, consider the maximum distance in the direction normal to the nominal edge position in the adjacent plane (Fig.4).

Damn.4

 — depth of defect 1 on the surface of A;
 — depth of defect 1 on the surface In

3.2. When the location of the defect on a multi-faceted angle under the depth is the maximum length of the defect along the edges (hell.4).

3.3. If the normalized depth of the defect is not assigned to any surface, it should be assumed that it is the same for all surfaces. If the depth of defects is not specified, it can be anyone within regulated areas of defects.

4. Defects, protruding above the nominal surface (such as bays, burned-on food, etc.) should be ground within a tolerance of a size or otherwise stated in the specifications.

4.1. If the defects, protruding above the nominal surface (Fig.5) specified, the area of defects into account in the total area of surface defects, to which they belong.

Damn.5

and  — the thickness of the defect;  — the height of the defect;
The total area of the surface defects And: .
The area of the surface defects B:

APPENDIX 9. (Added, Rev. N 3).