GOST 1435-99

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  ГОСТ 1435-99

GOST 1435−99 Bars, strips and reels of tool unalloyed steel. General specifications

GOST 1435−99
Group В32

INTERSTATE STANDARD

THE BARS, STRIPS AND REELS OF TOOL UNALLOYED STEEL
General specifications
Bars, strips and reels of tool unalloyed steel. General specifications

ISS 77.140.60
OKP 09 6104

Date of introduction 2001−09−01

Preface

1 DEVELOPED by the Technical Committee for standardization TC 6, the Ukrainian state scientific-research Institute of steels, alloys and ferroalloys (Ukrniispetsstal)

SUBMITTED to the State Committee of Ukraine for standardization, Metrology and certification

2 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for standardization, Metrology and certification (minutes N 15 of 28 may 1999)

The adoption voted:

The name of the state	The name of the national authority for standardization
The Republic Of Belarus	Gosstandart Of The Republic Of Belarus
The Republic Of Kazakhstan	Gosstandart Of The Republic Of Kazakhstan
Russian Federation	Gosstandart Of Russia
Ukraine	Gosstandart Of Ukraine

3 Resolution of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for standardization and Metrology dated February 9, 2001 N 64-St inter-state standard GOST 1435−99 introduced directly as state standard of the Russian Federation from September 1, 2001

4 REPLACE GOST 1435−90

5 REISSUE

1 Scope

This standard applies to forged bars and stripes, bars, strips and coils, hot-rolled, calibrated and with special surface finish (further — products) of tool unalloyed (carbon) steel, as well as in terms of the rules of the chemical composition of the ingots, billet, sheet, strip, wire and other metal products.

2 Normative references

The present standard features references to the following standards:

GOST 8.001−80 State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. The organization and order of carrying out state testing of measuring instruments
_________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation are PR 50.2.009−94**.


GOST 8.326−89* State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. Metrological certification of measuring instruments
_________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation are PR 50.2.009−94**.

** In the territory of the Russian Federation the document is not valid. Apply the Procedure of testing standard specimens or means of measurement for the purposes of type approval, the Procedure for approval of type of standard samples or type of measuring instruments, the Procedure for issuing certificates on approval of type of standard samples or type of measuring instruments, establishment and changing of the validity period of these certificates and the interval between verifications of measuring instruments, Requirements to the signs of type approval for standard samples or type of measuring instruments and their application, approved by order of Minpromtorg of Russia of 30 November 2009 # 1081. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

GOST 103−76* hot-rolled steel Strip. Assortment
________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation the document is not valid. Valid GOST 103−2006, here and hereafter. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

GOST 166−89 (ISO 3599−76) Calipers. Specifications

GOST 427−75 Rulers measuring metal. Specifications

GOST 1051−73 rental calibrated. General specifications

GOST 1133−71 forged round Steel and square. Assortment

GOST 1497−84 (ISO 6892−84) Metals. Test methods tensile

GOST 1763−68 (ISO 3887−77) Steel. Methods for determining the depth bezoperatsionnogo layer

GOST 2216−84 Gauges-adjustable bracket smooth. Specifications

GOST 2283−79 cold-rolled strips of tool and spring steel. Specifications

GOST 2590−88* hot-rolled steel round. Assortment
________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation the document is not valid. Standards 2590−2006, here and hereafter. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

GOST 2591−88* hot-rolled steel square. Assortment
________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation the document is not valid. Standards 2591−2006, here and hereafter. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

GOST 2879−88* hot-rolled hexagonal steel. Assortment
________________
* On the territory of the Russian Federation the document is not valid. Standards 2879−2006. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

GOST 3749−77 the Angular span of 90°. Specifications

GOST 4405−75 Strip hot-rolled and wrought tool steel. Assortment

GOST 5378−88 Protractors with Vernier. Specifications

GOST 6507−90 Micrometers. Specifications

GOST 7417−75 calibrated round Steel. Assortment

GOST 7502−98 metallic measuring tape. Specifications

GOST 7564−97 hire. General rules of sample, blanks collection for mechanical and technological tests

GOST 7565−81 (ISO 377−2-89) Iron, steel and alloys. Sampling method for determination of chemical composition

GOST 7566−94 metal Products. Acceptance, marking, packing, transportation and storage

GOST 8559−75 calibrated square Steel. Assortment

GOST 8560−78 calibrated hexahedronal rolled-stock. Assortment

GOST 8817−82 Metals. Test method for sediment

GOST 9012−59 (ISO 410−82, ISO 6506−81) Metals. Method of measuring hardness Brinell hardness

GOST 9013−59 (ISO 6508−86) Metals. Method of measuring Rockwell hardness

GOST 10243−75 Steel. Test method and evaluation of the macrostructure

GOST 14955−77 quality round Steel with special surface finish. Specifications

GOST 18895−97 Steel. Methods of photoelectric spectral analysis

GOST 21996−76 steel Tape, cold rolled, heat-treated. Specifications

GOST 22536.0−87 carbon Steel and unalloyed cast iron. General requirements for methods of analysis

GOST 22536.1−88 carbon Steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of total carbon and graphite

GOST 22536.2−87 carbon Steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods of determining sulphur

GOST 22536.3−88 carbon Steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of phosphorus

GOST 22536.4−88 carbon Steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of silicon

GOST 22536.5−87 (ISO 629−82) carbon Steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of manganese

GOST 22536.7−88 carbon Steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of chromium

GOST 22536.8−87 carbon Steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of copper

GOST 22536.9−88 carbon Steel and unalloyed cast iron. Methods for determination of Nickel

GOST 26877−91 metal Products. Methods of measuring form deviations of

GOST 28033−89 Steel. Method x-ray fluorescence analysis

3 Classification, basic parameters and dimensions

3.1 Classification

3.1.1 For the purpose, depending on the steel grade (Appendix A).

3.1.2 the chemical composition the products are divided into:

— quality;

— high-quality — A.

3.1.3 For the purpose, depending on the mass fraction of chromium, Nickel and copper metal products are divided into three groups:

1 for products of all types, including cores, in addition to patented wire and tape;

2 — patented wire and tape;

3 — for products of all types (including hot rolled and cold rolled sheets and strips), manufacturing technology which allows re-heating that increases the possibility of graphitization of steel, as well as for products which require high hardenability (except for rental for the core, patented wire and strip).

3.1.4 According to the method of further processing hot rolled and forged bars and strips are divided into subgroups:

and for the hot forming (including precipitation, land), as well as for cold drawing;

b — for cold mechanical processing (turning, planing, milling, etc.).

3.1.5 the quality and surface finish of metal products are divided into groups:

hot rolled and forged:

— 2ГП — subgroup of a;

— 3ГП for subgroup b;

calibrated — B and C;

with special surface treatment on the In, G, D.

3.1.6 as of material metal products manufactures:

— without heat treatment;

— thermally processed;

— hard — NG (and calibrated with special surface finish of bars).

Group of metal products, as well as the purpose (for steel products 1st group, used for the manufacture of cores), the method further processing, the condition of the material, the panel surface finish shall be specified in the order.

3.2 Brand

3.2.1 Brand and chemical composition of the steel at plavonia analysis shall conform to tables 1 and 2.

Table 1

	Mass fraction of element, %
Steel grade	carbon	silicon	manganese	sulfur	phosphorus
				no more
U7	0,65−0,74	0,17−0,33	0,17−0,33	0,028	0,030
U8	0,75−0,84	0,17−0,33	0,17−0,33	0,028	0,030
U8G	0,80−0,90	0,17−0,33	0,33−0,58	0,028	0,030
U9	0,85−0,94	0,17−0,33	0,17−0,33	0,028	0,030
U10	0,95−1,09	0,17−0,33	0,17−0,33	0,028	0,030
U12	1,10−1,29	0,17−0,33	0,17−0,33	0,028	0,030
U7A	0,65−0,74	0,17−0,33	0,17−0,28	0,018	0,025
U8A	0,75−0,84	0,17−0,33	0,17−0,28	0,018	0,025
U8GA	0,80−0,90	0,17−0,33	0,33−0,58	0,018	0,025
U9A	0,85−0,94	0,17−0,33	0,17−0,28	0,018	0,025
U10A	0,95−1,09	0,17−0,33	0,17−0,28	0,018	0,025
U12A	1,10−1,29	0,17−0,33	0,17−0,28	0,018	0,025
Notes 1 Letters and numbers in the designation of steel grades indicate: — carbon, followed by the number — average mass fraction of carbon in tenths of a percent, G — increased mass fraction of manganese. 2 Mass fraction of sulphur in steel obtained by electroslag remelting, should not exceed 0,013%.

Table 2

Group metal products	Steel grade	Mass fraction of element, %
		chrome	Nickel	copper
			no more
1	U7, U8, U8G, U9, U10, U12, U7A, U8A, U8GA, U9A, U10A, U12A	0.20	0,25	0,25
2	U7A, U8A, U8GA, U9A, U10A, U12A	Not more than 0.12	0,12	0,20
3	U7, U8, U8G, U9, U10, U12, U7A, U8A, U8GA, U9A, U10A, U12A	0,20−0,40	0,25	0,25
Notes 1 To metal 2-th group, the total mass fraction of chromium, Nickel and copper should not exceed 0,40%. 2 of steel products In the 1st and 3rd groups, made of steel received scrap-a process that allowed more than indicated in the table mass fraction of Nickel, copper and chromium of 0.05% of each element. The metal for the manufacture of cold-rolled strips, the increase in the mass fraction of Nickel, copper and chromium are not allowed.

3.2.2 rentals, bars, workpieces, and products of further redistribution permitted deviation in chemical composition from the rules of tables 1 and 2 in accordance with table 3.


Table 3

Name item	Permitted deviation, %	Name item	Tolerance, %
Silicon	±0,02	Sulfur	+0,002
Manganese	±0,02	Phosphorus	+0,005

3.3 Assortment

3.3.1 metal Products manufactured in bars, strips and coils.

3.3.2 shape, dimensions and limit deviations of the steel products should meet the requirements:

— hot-rolled steel round GOST 2590 or other regulatory documents;

— hot-rolled steel square GOST 2591 or other regulatory documents;

— hot-rolled hexagonal steel — GOST 2879;

— bars and rods, forged square and round — GOST 1133;

— strip — 103 GOST, GOST 4405;

— bars and rods (coils) — calibrated GOST 7417, 8559 GOST, GOST 8560 of qualityof and ;

- bars with special surface finish GOST 14955 of qualityof and .

3.3.3 Diameters and maximum deviations of the calibrated rods for cores should conform to table 4.


Table 4

In millimeters

Diameter of bars	Limit deviation
5,05	-0,08
6,12	-0,08
10,90	-0,10
Of 12.03	-0,10
12,43	-0,10

Examples of symbols

Bar hot rolled round, the usual accuracy of rolling (In), 1st class on curvature of random length (ND), with a diameter of 20 mm according to GOST 2590−88 of steel U8A, 3rd group, subgroup b, group of quality surface 3ГП, score hardenability III:

The circle In-1-ND-20 GOST 2590−88/U8A-3-b-3ГП-III GOST 1435−99

Rod calibrated round with extreme deviations , the measuring length (MD), with a diameter of 10 mm according to GOST 7417−75, steel grade U10A, 1st group, full hard (NG) and surface quality:

Circle -MD-10 GOST 7417−75/U10A-1-NG-GOST 1435−99

Steel hot-rolled strip, the usual accuracy of rolling (In), camber class 2, multiple gauge length (CD) with a thickness of 10 mm, a width of 22 mm according to GOST 103−76 steel U12A type, the 3rd group, subgroup b, group of quality surface 3ГП, thermally treated (THAT):

Band-2-CD-10х22 GOST 103−76/U12A-3-b-3ГП-GOST 1435−99

The rod is round, with a special surface finish, with maximum deviations of random length (ND), with a diameter of 20 mm, the surface quality, In according to GOST 14955−77, of steel grade U10A, 1st group, full hard (NG):

Round -ND-20 GOST 14955−77/U10A -IN-1-NG GOST 1435−99

4 General technical requirements

4.1 characteristics of basic performance

4.1.1 delivery Status

4.1.1.1 Bars, strips and coils shall be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard in accordance with technical documentation approved in the established order.

4.1.1.2 the ends of the rods, strips and coils need to be trimmed or cut without burrs. The length of the folded ends should not exceed:

1.5 diameter or thickness for rods, strips, coils with a diameter or thickness up to 10 mm;

— 40 mm for bars, rods, strips, coils diameter or thickness of over 10 mm to 60 mm;

— 60 mm for rods and strips of a diameter or thickness over 60 mm.

It is possible to supply the coils without cutting the ends.

4.1.1.3 Requirements for pruning all the calibrated hire should correspond to GOST 1051, with special surface finish GOST 14955.

4.1.2 Properties

4.1.2.1 Hardness annealed (after annealing or high tempering) of steel products, in addition to the rental for the cores, and hardness of samples after quenching should be in accordance with table 5.


Table 5

Steel grade	The hardness of the heat treated metal products		Hardness of the samples after quenching in water
	NV, not more than	Indentation diameter, mm, not less	Temperature of hardening, °C	HRC(HRC), min.
U7, U7A	187	4,4	800−820	63 (62)
U8, U8A, U8G, U8GA	187	4,4	780−800	63 (62)
U9, U9A	192	4,35	770−800	63 (62)
U10, U10A	212	4,15	770−800	63 (62)
U12, U12A	217	4,10	760−790	64 (63)

4.1.2.2 the Hardness of bars of the cores must correspond to table 6.


Table 6

A heat treatment process	Hardness
	NV, not more than	Indentation diameter, mm, not less	HRC(HRC), min.
Annealing or vacation	269	3.7 V	-
Hardening	-	-	65 (64)

4.1.2.3 Bars for the cores in the finished size needs to have a through-hardening at the same temperature hardening: 760, 800, 840 °C (without overheating).

Temperature of quenching at which there is a complete hardenability, specified in the document of quality.

4.1.3 surface Condition of steel

4.1.3.1 For hot rolled rods, strips, coils, and wrought-iron bars, bands depth bezoperatsionnogo layer (ferrite + transition zone) must not exceed per side:

0.20 mm — for steel products of diameter or thickness up to 5 mm;

0.30 mm over 5 up to 10 mm;

0.40 mm over 10 to 16 mm;

0.50 mm over 16 to 25 mm;

0.60 mm over 25 up to 40 mm;

1.5% of diameter or thickness for steel products of diameter or thickness over 40 mm.

4.1.3.2 Depth bezoperatsionnogo layer grooved rods, designed for parts that are processed by high-frequency currents must not exceed the side of the 1% of the actual diameter or thickness.

For bars that are not processed by currents of high frequency, when the diameter or thickness of wire up to 16 mm depth bezoperatsionnogo layer should not exceed 1.5% of the actual diameter or thickness with the diameter or thickness 16 mm St — 1, 3% of the actual diameter or thickness.

4.1.3.3 On the surface of rods for cores depth bezoperatsionnogo layer should not exceed 2% of the diameter of the rod.

4.1.3.4 Obesplozhennym layer on the rods with special surface finish is not allowed.

4.1.3.5 On the surface of bars and stripes subgroup and group quality 2ГП not permitted sunsets, relaxed or smoothed out the cracks, impurities, bubbles, rolling films, flaw.

Surface defects should be removed by gentle cutting or Stripping. The depth of Stripping shall not exceed (counting from the actual size of the rental):

— for bars and strips with a diameter or thickness less than 80 mm — half of the sum of limit deviations of the size;

— for bars and strips with a diameter or thickness from 80 to 140 mm — the sum of limit deviations of the size;

— for bars and strips with a diameter or thickness 140 mm SV — 4% of nominal diameter or thickness.

Allowed without Stripping defects of mechanical origin (fingerprints, scratches, risks, Rabisha, etc.) to a depth not exceeding half the amount of extreme deviations, as well as small, rolled, or uninhibited contamination and bubbles depth not exceeding 0.25 amount of limit deviations, but not more than 0.2 mm, measured from actual size.

On the surface of hot-rolled coils allowed without Stripping some small slivers, rolled out impurities and bubbles, defects of mechanical origin (fingerprints, scratches, risks, Rabisha, etc.) not exceeding 0,25 of total limit deviation, counting of the actual size.

Note — On the surface of the bars intended for the manufacture of parts by hot precipitation or landing, rolled or unbound impurities and bubbles are not allowed.

4.1.3.6 On the surface of bars and stripes subgroup group b quality 3ГП allowed local defects, if the depth does not exceed:

— for sizes up to 100 mm — half of the sum of the limit deviations on size;

— for sizes 100 mm — the sum of limit deviations on size, counting from the actual size.

4.1.3.7 surface Quality steel gauged bars (coils) must meet the requirements of GOST 1051 groups B, C; with special surface finish GOST 14955 groups In, G, D.

4.1.3.8 Steel intended for hot upsetting and upsetting, are upset in a hot condition.

In upset samples should not be attempted cracks, laps, tears.

4.1.4 Structural characteristics

4.1.4.1 In the kink bars and stripes should be no shells, bundles, supernote, cracks, bubbles, inclusions, and metal of the 3rd group of black fracture.

The fracture must be uniform and fine-grained.

Allowed to control the macrostructure of the etched on Templeton. In the macrostructure should not be shrinkage, porosity, bubbles, delaminations, cracks, foreign metal and slag inclusions.

Allowed:

— Pousada liquation not more, score 1;

— Central porosity, liquation spotted; exudation square no more than 2 points;

— point heterogeneity, not more than 3 points.

4.1.4.2 the Microstructure of heat-treated steel bars with a diameter or thickness up to 60 mm (excluding subgroup and hot forming) shall meet the requirements of:

— form of perlite must comply with table 7;

— the absence of cementite lattice of steel products of steel grades u7, U7A, U8, U8A, U8G, U8GA provided by the chemical composition; steel products of steel grades U9, U9A, U10, U10A, U12, U12A tsementita the grid is not allowed, the remnants of the broken cementite lattice should not exceed 3 points.


Table 7

Steel grade	Standards of microstructure in points
	invalid	valid
U7, U7A, U8, U8A, U8G, U8GA, U9, U9A	1 and 10	2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
U10, U10A, U12, U12A	1, 2, 9 and 10	3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

Bars for cores remains broken cementite lattice should not exceed 2 points.

Note — the Rules of the microstructure of the steel strip are equal to the standards of the microstructure of square cross-section with an area equal to the cross sectional area of the strip.

4.2 Characteristics established by agreement between manufacturer and consumer

4.2.1 Mass fraction of chromium, Nickel and copper plavonia analysis should be in accordance with table 8.


Table 8

Group of metal products	Steel grade	Mass fraction of element, %
		chrome	Nickel	copper
			no more
1	U7, U8, U8G, U9, U10, U12, U7A, U8A, U8GA, U9A, U10A, U12A	Not more than 0.30	0,35	0,30
3	U7, U8, U8G, U9, U10, U12, U7A, U8A, U8GA, U9A, U10A, U12A	0,20−0,50	0,35	0,30

4.2.2 the ends of the rods and strips can be without removing the burrs or Burr removal at one end.

4.2.3 heat treated steel with a diameter or thickness less than 5 mm the hardness is not checked, but at the request of the consumer experience tensile. Interim resistance should comply with table 9.


Table 9

Steel grade	Tensile strength , N/mm(kgf/mm), not more
U7, U7A, U8, U8A, U8G, U8GA, U9, U9A	650 (66)
U10, U10A, U12, U12A	750 (76)

4.2.4 lower hardness (HB) compared with table 5 or with the restriction of lower and upper limits, hardness, and core shall not be higher than 229 HB.

4.2.5 normalized hardenability for steel products 3rd group. Score hardenability is specified in the order.

4.2.6 Depth bezoperatsionnogo layer for bars and strips with a diameter or with a thickness St of 5 to 10 mm shall not exceed 0.20 mm.

4.2.7 Depth bezoperatsionnogo layer on the rods for the cores — not to exceed 1% of the actual diameter of the rod.

4.2.8 Form of perlite, corresponding to points 3, 4, 5, 6, — in bars, strips and coils of steel grades U7A, U8A, U9A, and points 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 — bars and strips of steel grades U10A, U12A.

4.2.9 Tsementita mesh metal products subgroup.

4.2.10 the manufacturer is permitted to guarantee the quality of metal products without testing on sediment.

4.3 Labeling, packaging

Labeling and packaging — according to GOST 7566 with additions:

— labeling, packaging, calibrated rods and coils — GOST 1051;

— bars with special surface finishing — according to GOST 14955.

At the request of the consumer, is paint the ends or the ends of paint (the colors are determined by agreement between manufacturer and consumer).

5 acceptance Rules

5.1 Rules of acceptance GOST 7566. Steel take parties. The party must consist of rods, strips, coils one trunks, one size, one mode of heat treatment and one surface quality.

By agreement with the consumer allowed the delivery of batches of metal products, consisting of several heats, with the requirements corresponding to the present standard.

5.2 To control the quality of steel products set the sample volume:

— chemical analysis — one sample from the melt;

— dimensions — 10% rods, strips or coils from the party;

— the hardness or rupture strength, heat treated steel — single rod, coil, strip from 1 ton, but not less than five pieces from the party;

— hardness after quenching — single rod, a strip, a coil from the party, but at least two from the melt;

hardness of bars in cores — two rods from the party, but at least four from the melt;

— hardenability is one of the bars from the party;

— depth bezoperatsionnogo layer — three rods, strips, coils from the party;

— surface quality — all rods, strips, coils party;

— draft — three of the bar or coil from the party;

— break — three rods, strips, coils from the party; to control the macrostructure of the etched templeto on two rod, coil or strip from the batch;

— microstructure of two rod, strip or coil of the party; rods for cores or four rods from the party.

5.3 Upon receipt of unsatisfactory results of control of any of indicator of the quality re inspection is carried out according to GOST 7566.

6 Methods to control

6.1 For monitoring on 5.2 from each selected unit of the rental is cut according to one pattern, in addition to the control of chemical analysis, dimensions, hardenability and surface quality.

Allowed combination of the samples for different types of tests.

6.2 Sampling to determine the chemical composition of the steel according to GOST 7565.

Chemical analysis according to GOST 18895, GOST 22536.0 to GOST 22536.1, 22536.2 GOST, GOST 22536.3, 22536.4 GOST, GOST 22536.5, 22536.7 GOST, GOST 22536.8, 22536.9 GOST, GOST 28033 or other methods providing the required accuracy.

In case of disagreement between the manufacturer and user of chemical analysis carried out according to specified standards.

6.3 the Geometric dimensions and shape determined by the measuring instruments according to GOST 166, GOST 427, GOST 2216, GOST 3749, 5378 GOST, GOST 6507, GOST 7502, GOST 26877, and tools or templates, certified according to GOST 8.001 or GOST 8.326.

6.4 Hardness of heat treated bars and stripes test according to GOST 9012 after removing bezoperatsionnogo layer. The hardness measurement should be approximately 100 mm from the end of the rod or strip. The number of prints should not be less than three.

6.5 hardness of the samples after quenching test according to GOST 9013. For bar size (diameter, square, strips) up to 12 mm — longitudinal samples of length 40 to 50 mm, over 12 mm in the transverse Templeton thickness of 10 to 15 mm. the Number of prints should not be less than three.

6.6 the Depth of hardenability of a steel is determined by the fracture of the samples subjected to quenching from temperatures of 760, 800 and 840 °C With cooling in water at a temperature of from 10 to 30 °C by comparing the sample with standards of Annex B.

May be performed from the annealing temperature, provided by table 5 for specific steel grades.

In the case of full hardenability of the samples subjected to quenching from a temperature of 760 °C, quenching from 800 and 840 °C allowed not to.

To assess hardenability of steel while casting melting ingot mold test weight of approximately 10 kg simultaneously with the sample for chemical analysis. From ingots or rolled prokovyvayut a sample of square section with side of square of (20±1,5) mm. From the middle part of the samples cut three samples with a length of 100 mm which is marked by the melting number and serial number. Each sample is doing in the middle of the incision with a depth of 3 to 5 mm.

Forged samples before annealing annealed at a temperature of 730−750 °C, then allowed to stand after heating 2 h followed by slow furnace cooling to a temperature of 650 °C for 2−4 h.

Notes

1 Test hardenability may be performed on round samples with a diameter of 21 to 23 mm, laminated from the control of the ingot. The depth of the incision round of samples should be from 5 to 7 mm.

2 Square samples allowed to cut out of rolled or-forged billet or finished products (varieties).

3 Samples of rods for cores cut from the finished bars, and experience in the total cross section without cuts.

4 Before heating for hardening the surface of the samples, it is recommended to clean from slag abrasives or etching.

6.7 Depth bezoperatsionnogo layer is determined according to GOST 1763 metallographic method.

Bars with special surface finish is allowed to control method of thermoelectric power.

Note — the Depth bezoperatsionnogo layer strips should be measured along the wide side.

6.8 surface Quality of steel products test without the use of magnifying devices, if necessary smooth out the surface of the rings or snake.

6.9 the Tests on the residue in the hot state is carried out according to GOST 8817.

When tested on sediment samples heated to forging temperature and upset to 1/3 of its original height.

6.10 the Control of the fracture is carried out by visual examination without the use of magnifying devices according to GOST 10243 in the finished profile. By agreement between manufacturer and consumer kink bars for cores is allowed to control with the use of magnifying devices, providing increase of not more than fourfold.

Control of macrostructure is carried out on the etched templeto without the use of magnifying devices with GOST 10243.

Allowed the results of the control of macrostructure in large sections of rolled products to distribute to smaller profiles of the same heat.

For bars with diameter or thickness 140 mm SV allowed samples to turn in a circle or square with a diameter or thickness of 90−140 mm.

Allowed to apply non-destructive testing methods according to regulatory documents.

If there are differences in applied methods of control regulated by this standard.

6.11 Evaluation of the microstructure of steel products is carried out:

— perlite — scale application;

— cementite lattice — scale and Appendix D.

The selection and preparation of samples is carried out according to the method specified in Annex D.

6.12 tensile Tests carried out according to GOST 1497, sampling — according to GOST 7564.

7 Transportation and storage

7.1 Transportation and storage — by GOST 7566.

7.2 Transportation and storage of calibrated rods and coils — GOST 1051, rods with special surface treatment — according to GOST 14955.

7.3 Duration of storage metal shed is one year in closed spaces notprivileged five years.

8 manufacturer’s Warranty

The manufacturer guarantees the conformity of steel products with the requirements of this standard if the conditions of transportation and storage.

Annex a (informative). The purpose of tool unalloyed steel of various grades

APPENDIX A
(reference)

The approximate assignment of tool unalloyed steel of various grades is given in table A. 1.


Table A. 1

Steel grade	Scope
U7, U7A	Woodworking: axes, kolunov, chisels, chisels.
	For pneumatic tools small size: chisels, swages, dies.
	For forging dies.
	For the needle wire.
	For machinist’s tools: hammers, sledge-hammers, drifts, screwdrivers, compound pliers, nippers, oblique cutting pliers, etc.
U8, U8A, U8G, U8GA, U9, U9A	For the manufacture of tools, working in conditions without heating of cutting edge.
	Wood processing: milling cutters, countersinks, zekovic, axes, chisels, chisels, longitudinal and circular saws.
	For rollers, plates and rods for forms of casting of tin and lead metals.
	For calibre simple form and low accuracy classes.
	For cold-rolled heat-treated ribbon with a thickness of from 2.5 to 0.02 mm, intended for manufacturing of flat and wire springs and spring-loaded parts of complex configuration, valves, probes, reeds, slats dolnych knives, small constructional details, including hours, etc. (tape is produced according to GOST 2283, GOST 21996 and a number of special technical conditions)
U10A, U12A	For cores
U10, U10A	For the needle wire.
	For tools operating under conditions that do not cause heating of the cutting edge.
	Wood processing: hand-cross and carpentry saws, carpentry saws machinery, spiral drills.
	Dies for cold forming (exhaust, heading, trimming and blanking) of small size and without abrupt transitions in the cross section.
	For calibre simple form and low accuracy classes.
	For threading dies, files, bench scrapers etc.
	For files, scrapers.
	For cold-rolled heat-treated ribbon with a thickness of from 2.5 to 0.02 mm, intended for manufacturing of flat and wire springs and spring-loaded parts of complex configuration, valves, probes, reeds, slats dolnych knives, small constructional details, including hours, etc. (tape is produced according to GOST 2283, GOST 21996 and a number of special technical conditions)
U12, U12A	For hand taps, files, metal scrapers.
	Dies for cold forming, trimming and punching of small size and no transitions in the cross section, cold forging punches and dies for small sizes, calibers simple form and low accuracy classes.
	For tools with low wear resistance at moderate and high specific pressure (without heating the cutting edge): nail files, razor blades and knives, sharp surgical tools, scrapers, engraving tools

APPENDIX B (mandatory). Scale for assessment of hardenability tool unalloyed steel

APPENDIX B
(required)

Marking breaks

Unseasoned

Viscous core

Through-hardening

Overheating

Notes

1 exposure Time after heating for 20 minutes at a temperature of 760 and 800 °C and 15 min at a temperature of 840 °C.

2 Score hardenability shall be the depth hardenability in millimeters indicated above the fractures of samples, quenched from a temperature of 800 °C.

3 In the document about the quality score indicates the hardenability and the nature of the fractures, for example: «Score II during the quench from 760, 800, 840 °C, the viscous core».

ANNEX b (mandatory). Description of the scale and the scale for the assessment of the microstructure (perlite) tool unalloyed steel

THE APP
(required)

Description of the scale and the scale for the assessment of the microstructure (perlite) instrumental non-alloy steel (500)

The scale includes 10 standards (in points) of the possible microstructures of the annealed or vysokoopasnye steel with different content of granular and lamellar pearlite (by area):

score 1 — from 80% to 100% melkopeschanoj sarbatoarea perlite;

score 2 over 20% to 50% grainy perlite;

score of 3 — over 50% to 80% grainy perlite;

score of 4 — over 80% to 100% grainy perlite;

points 5 and 6 granular pearlite with increasing size cementite particles;

a score of 7 to 10% krupnoplastinchatam perlite;

a score of 8 over 10% to 50% krupnoplastinchatam perlite;

a score of 9 — over 50% to 90% krupnoplastinchatam perlite;

a score of 10 — over 90% to 100% krupnoplastinchatam perlite.

SCALE FOR ASSESSMENT OF THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF TOOL UNALLOYED STEEL

Score 1	Score 2
Score 3	Score 4
Score 5	Score 6
A score of 7	Score 8
A score of 9	Score 10

APPENDIX d (mandatory). Description of the scale and scale for assessment of cementite lattice in the instrumental non-alloy steel (500)

APPENDIX D
(required)

The scale includes two rows of standards possible types of cementite lattice for 5 samples in each row.

The ranks differ by the cell size of cementite lattice.

1st row- coarse mesh (average relative cell diameter of approximately 0,045 mm);

2nd row: chicken wire mesh (average relative cell diameter of less than 0.025 mm).

Standards in each row differ in isolation cementite lattice and correspond to the following points:

score 1 almost uniform distribution cementite particles;

point 2 — there are a few chains cementite particles;

score 3 — chain cementite particles in the form of scraps of mild mesh;

score 4 — chain cementite particles in the form of clear mesh;

score 5 — cementite chains of particles form a grid with closed cells.

SCALE FOR ASSESSMENT OF CEMENTITE LATTICE IN THE INSTRUMENTAL NON-ALLOY STEEL (500)

A Number Of I
	Score 1	Score 2
Series II
	Score 1	Score 2
A Number Of I
	Score 3	Score 4
Series II
	Score 3	Score 4
A Number Of I		Series II
	Score 5	Score 5

APPENDIX e (mandatory). Methodology to control the microstructure (pearlite and cementite lattice) tool unalloyed steel

APPENDIX E
(required)

The scheme of cutting out of samples, their shape and size are given in table D. 1


Table D. 1

But this cher- those MS	The scheme of cutting specimens from the rental			The location of the plane of the thin section to the extrusion direction when rolling, forging	The size of rental (circle diameter, square side, the thickness of the strip), mm
	Round	Square	Strip
1				Across	Up to 25
2				Across	26 up to 40
3				Across	From 42 up to 60
Notes 1 Indicate on drawings:  — diameter of a circle; - the side of the square (strip thickness);  — bandwidth; - side of the sample; -the height of the sample. 2 For control of rolled hexagonal cross-section shape of the sample and the plane of section is selected on the same principle as a rolled round or square cross-section. 3 the Sample is cut at a distance of not less than 20 mm from the end of the rod strips. 4 the Plane of the sections in the drawings are shaded. 5 When cutting samples for thin sections from bars with diameter of 26 mm or more templet is cut along its diameter. 6 To check cementite lattice samples quenched from the temperature specified in table 5 of this standard. 7 Samples polished by conventional methods adopted by the companies in the production of micro-sections. 8 Etching of thin sections is carried out in solution with a volume concentration of 0.04 cm/cmof nitric acid in ethyl alcohol. 9 Increase, which is estimated microstructure, is recommended. Depending on the magnification of the microscope is allowed to control the perlite and cementite grid 450−600.