Scandium mining and general information
Extraction of Sc.
It is a typical scattered element, its content in hard rocks is about 9.5 g/t, significant resources are concentrated in the coal deposits in the form of oxides (scandium beryl, cassiterite, fluorite). It is also found in the form of such rare minerals as tortveitite and jervisite. The associated extraction of the element from other ores has great prospects. Also, the extraction of scandium, is promising in the secondary processing of ash from hard coal and the following types of ore:
- aluminum (bauxite);
- uranium;
- zircons;
- Wolframite;
- ilmenites and others.
These rare metals are mined in the amount of not less than 0.5 tons per year by Kazakhstan, Ukraine and the United States.
General Information
This light and strong metal is characterized by a silvery color with a yellow cast, a melting point of 1541 °C and a melting heat of 15.8 kJ/mol. It is an element of the 4th period of the table of chemical elements, a weak paramagnetic, the lattice structure is α-Sc hexagonal, it is easy to work in various ways due to its plasticity. As an additive, it gives alloys good ductility and strength. Its most common alloy is with aluminum. Scandium is widely used in metallurgy (for smelting of heat-resistant steels), in medicine, microelectronics, electrical engineering, nuclear power, production of refractory materials, lasers, luminophores, spectrometers and solar cells, parts of MHD — generators. Radioactive isotope 46-Sc with half-life up to 84 days is used to treat cancerous tumors, and in petrochemistry and metallurgy — as a test mark" for the course of technological processes.
Supplier
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