GOST R 54909-2012

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  ГОСТ Р 54909-2012

GOST R 54909−2012 (ISO 683−15:1992) steel Products from alloyed steel and alloys for valves of internal combustion engines. Specifications

GOST R 54909−2012
(ISO 683−15:1992)

Group В32

NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

STEEL PRODUCTS FROM ALLOYED STEEL AND ALLOYS FOR VALVES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Specifications

Metal products from alloyed steel and alloys for valves of internal combustion engines. Specifications

OKS 77.140.10
77.140.20
27.020
OKP 09 6300
09 6400

Date of introduction 2012−10−01

Preface

The objectives and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation established by the Federal law of 27 December 2002 N 184-FZ «On technical regulation», and rules for the application of national standards of the Russian Federation — GOST R 1.0−2004 «Standardization in the Russian Federation. The main provisions"

Data on standard

1 PREPARED by Federal state unitary enterprise «Central research Institute of ferrous metallurgy them. I. P. Bardin (FSUE «tsniichermet im. I. P. Bardina») based on the Russian version of the standard specified in paragraph 4

2 SUBMITTED by the Technical Committee for standardization TC 375 «steel Products from ferrous metals and alloys"

3 APPROVED AND put INTO EFFECT by the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology dated 1 June 2012 No. 101-St

4 this standard is modified in relation to the international standard ISO 683−15:1992* «Termouprochnenija steel, alloy steels and free-cutting steel. Part 15. Valve steels for internal combustion engines» (ISO 683−15:1992 «Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels — Part 15: Valve steels for internal combustion engines») by making a technical deviation, the explanation of which is given in the introduction to the present standard, and by changing its structure to conform with the rules established in GOST R 1.5−2004 (subsections 4.2 and 4.3).
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* Access to international and foreign documents mentioned here and below, you can get a link on the website shop.cntd.ru. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

Comparison of the structure of this standard with the structure of this international standard are given in Appendix DE.

The additional phrases, words, reference data, indicators, their values are included in the text of the standard to reflect the needs of the national economy of the Russian Federation and/or the peculiarities of the Russian national standardization in italics. Section 10 and Annex a are completely identical, and applications DA, DB, DV, DW, DD, DE complement it with the needs of the national economy of the Russian Federation and/or the peculiarities of the Russian national standardization.

The name of this standard changed with respect to names specified international standard for compliance with GOST R 1.5−2004 (subsection 3.5)

5 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME


Information about the changes to this standard is published in the annually issued reference index «National standards», and the text changes and amendments — in monthly indexes published information «National standards». In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard a notification will be published in a monthly information index «National standards». Relevant information, notification and lyrics are also posted in the information system of General use — on the official website of the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology on the Internet

Introduction

In this standard included additional to the international standard ISO 683−15 requirements that reflect the needs of the national economy of the Russian Federation:

— the chemical composition of the domestic valve steel;

— reduced the mechanical properties of steel products from domestic steel valve.

In section 4, «Designations» given identical values of mechanical properties according to ISO 683−15 and national standards of the Russian Federation;

— the scheme of the legend of steel products;

— the data on valve steel according to EN 10090.

1 Scope

1.1 this standard applies to steel, alloywrought steels and alloysfor the manufacture of valves of internal combustion engines [hereinafter, valve steel (alloy)]:

— bars;

— wire;

rod;

— forgings.

1.2 this standard does not cover wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant steel, which are used to protect surfaces of the valve seat.

1.3 In addition to the requirements of this standard apply General technical delivery conditions according to the standard [1].

2 Normative references

This standard uses the regulatory references to the following standards:

GOST R 53845−2010 (ISO 377:1997) rolled steel. General rules of sample, blanks collection for mechanical and technological tests

GOST 2590−2006 bars, steel, hot rolled round. Assortment

GOST 5582−75 rolled sheet corrosion-resistant, heatresistant and heat-proof. Specifications

GOST 5632−72 high-alloy Steels and alloys corrosion-resistant, heatresistant and heat-proof. Brand

GOST 5949−75 Steel grade and calibrated corrosion-resistant, heatresistant and heat-proof. Specifications

GOST 7350−77 plate Steel, corrosion-resistant, heatresistant and heat-proof. Specifications

GOST 7565−81 (ISO 377−2-89) Iron, steel and alloys. Methods of sampling for the determination of chemical composition

GOST 7566−94 metal Products. Acceptance, marking, packing, transportation and storage

GOST 10243−75 Steel. Test methods and evaluation of the macrostructure

GOST 12344−2003 Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of carbon

GOST 12345−2001 (ISO 671−82, ISO 4935−89) Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods of determining sulphur

GOST 12346−78 (ISO 439−82, ISO 4829−1-86) Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of silicon

GOST 12347−77 Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of phosphorus

GOST 12348−78 (ISO 629−82) Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of manganese

GOST 12350−78 Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of chromium

GOST 12352−81 Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of Nickel

GOST 12354−81 Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of molybdenum

GOST 12355−78 Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of copper

GOST 12356−81 Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of titanium

GOST 12357−84 Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of aluminium

GOST 12361−2002 Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of niobium

GOST 12363−79 Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for determination of selenium

GOST 12364−84 Steel alloyed and high alloy. Methods for the determination of cerium

GOST 14955−77 quality round Steel with special surface finish. Specifications

GOST 17745−90 of Steel and alloys. Methods for the determination of gases

GOST 18143−72 high-alloy Wire, corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant steel. Specifications

GOST 18895−97 Steel. Method of photoelectric spectral analysis

GOST 25054−81 forgings of corrosion-resistant steels and alloys. General specifications

GOST 28033−89 Steel. Method x-ray fluorescence analysis

Note — When using this standard appropriate to test the effect of reference standards in the information system of General use — on the official website of the Federal Agency for technical regulation and Metrology on the Internet or published annually by the information sign «National standards» published as on January 1 of the current year and related information published monthly indexes published in the current year. If the reference standard is replaced (changed), when using this standard should be guided by replacing (amended) standard. If the reference standard is cancelled without replacement, then the situation in which the given link applies to the extent that does not affect this link.

3 Terms and definitions

This standard applies the following terms with respective definitions:

3.1 valve steel (alloy): Alloy steels and alloys, having different degrees of resistance to heat, cyclic temperature change, corrosion, oxidation, fatigue, shock loads, friction and abrasive wear.

Valve steel used for the manufacture of intake and exhaust valves of internal combustion engines with reciprocating.

3.2 plavecky analysis: chemical composition Analysis of liquid steel.

4 Denote

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* Name of section 4 in the original paper are shown in italics. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

4.1 Symbols of chemical elements:

C — carbon Si — silicon, Mn — manganese, P — phosphorus, S — sulfur, N — nitrogen, Cr — chromium, Ni — Nickel, Ti — titanium, al — aluminium, Nb — niobium, CE — cerium, Cu — copper, Zr — zirconium, TA — tantalum, Mo — molybdenum W — tungsten, V — vanadium.

4.2 designation of the characteristics of mechanical properties:

— yield strength when the value of residual deformation of 0.2%, N/mm;

— tensile strength, N/mm;

— elongation, %. This value refers to the samples for testing with the estimated length ;

— the creep strength corresponding to 1% of the total deformation, N/mmat the temperature over time .

Note — In brackets are given the corresponding designations adopted in the Russian Federation.

5 Classification of steel

5.1 Valve steel (alloy) by this standard are classified according to their chemical composition (table 1).

5.2 Valve steel depending on structure, are divided into:

— martensitic steel used mainly for the intake valves and stems of outlet valves;

— austenitic steel used mainly for exhaust valves.

6 checkout

The customer must specify in the order the following:

— the scope of supply;

— type of product (e.g., rod);

— the designation of the relevant standard for the size/range and, if not specified in the standard, the final treatment of the surface (7.2.1, note 3) and the limit deviations on size (7.6);

— the term: «valve steel (alloy)»;

— the designation of this standard;

— grade of steel (alloy);

— the mode of heat treatment in the supply of (7.2);

— other necessary information, including the method of manufacturing a valve (hot-pressing or landing contact electric heating);

— a document confirming the quality of the products [2].

7 Technical requirements

7.1 Method of smelting

Unless the order specified otherwise, the choice of method of melting and method of manufacture of steel products is the manufacturer.

Alloy NiCr 15 Fe 7 TiAl, NiFe 25 Cr 20 NbTi and NiCr 20 TiAl manufacture methods of remelting. Unless the order specified otherwise, the choice of the method of remelting is provided to the manufacturer.

7.2 Mode of heat treatment and final treatment of the surface with the supply of steel products

7.2.1 Mode of heat treatment and final treatment of the surface with the supply of steel products should be agreed when ordering.

Notes

1 Products intended for further processing by pressure, is commonly heat-treated according to one of the modes listed in table 3.

2 depending on the chemical composition of finished product used in the quenched and tempered or dispersion hardened state (tables A. 1 and A. 5, Annex A).

3 the Valve materials are usually supplied in the form of bars with one of the following types of final surface treatment:

— turning (roughing) and polishing;

— turning (roughing) and grinding;

grinding;

— grinding and polishing;

— turning (roughing) and sanding, then polishing;

— after rolling.

7.3 Chemical composition

7.3.1 Chemical composition of steel (alloys) for plavonia analysis must conform to the standards given in table 1 and table DD.1 (Annex DD).

7.3.2 tolerances for the mass fraction of chemical elements in the finished product from the limits specified in tables 1 and DD.1, are shown in table 2.

7.3.3 manufacturer In agreement with the customer may be allowed for small deviations from the established norms while ensuring mechanical and operational properties of the valve steel products of steel.

7.3.4 Comparison of grades of valve steels shown in table 1, stamped steel valve standards [14] and GOST 5632 is given in Appendix YES.

7.4 Mechanical properties

Mechanical properties and hardness of steel at a temperature of (20) °C are shown in table 3 and in table DD.2 and the DD. Z (Appendix DD) after softening annealing, quenching and tempering for martensitic steels and adjustable cooling and/or hardening for austenitic steels, as well as in tables A. 1-A. 4 for the finished product.

7.5 Internal structure and surface quality

7.5.1 Control of pollution valve steel (alloy) non-metallic inclusions must be agreed when ordering.

Norms and methods of evaluation of non-metallic inclusions determined by agreement between manufacturer and customer.

7.5.1.1 it is Necessary to consider that the contamination of non-metallic inclusions valve steel (alloy) open smelting will be high due to the high content of alloying elements and nonmetallic inclusions can be distributed unevenly.

7.5.2 Size of austenitic grain of the alloy grade NiCr 20 TiAl should be no larger than the 4 standard [3]. Valid the presence of some larger grains.


Table 1 — Chemical composition of valve steel (alloy)

Mark steel (alloy)	Mass fraction of chemical elements, %
	carbon	silicon	manganese	Foz fora	sulfur	chrome		molyb- Dan	Nickel	other
				no more
Martensitic steel
X 50 CrSi 8 2	0,45−0,55	1.00 to 2.00	Not more than 0,60	0,030	0,030	7,50−9,50	-		Not more than 0,60	-
X 45 CrSi 9 3	0,40−0,50	2,70−3,30	Not more than 0,80	0,040	0,030	8,00−10,00	-		Not more than 0,60	-
X 85 CrMoV 18 2	0,80−0,90	No more than 1,00	Not more than 1.50	0,040	0,030	16,50−18,50	2,00−2,50		-	Vanadium: 0,30−0,60
Austenitic steel
X 55 CrMnNiN 20 8	0.50 to 0.60	Not more than 0.25	7,00−10,00	0,050	0,030	19,50−21,50	-		1,50−1,75	Nitrogen: 0,20−0,40
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiN	0,48−0,58	Not more than 0.25	8,00−10,00	0,050	0,030	20,00−22,00	-		3,25−4,50	Nitrogen: 0,35−0,50
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiNbN	0,48−0,58	No more than 0,45	8,00−10,00	0,050	0,030	20,00−22,00	-		3,25−4,50	Nitrogen: 0,38−0,50; carbon + nitrogen: not more than 0.90; niobium + tantalum: 2,00−3,00
X 50 CrMnNiNbN 21 9	0,45−0,55	No more than 0,45	8,00−10,00	0,050	0,030	20,00−22,00	-		3,50−5,50	Tungsten: 0,80−1,50; niobium + tantalum: 1,80−2,50; nitrogen: 0,40−0,60
X 33 CrNiMnN 23 8	0,28−0,38	0,50−1,00	1,50−3,50	0,050	0,030	22,00−24,00	Not more than 0,50		7,00−9,00	Tungsten: not more than 0,50; nitrogen: 0,25−0,35
Alloys based on Nickel
NiCr 15 Fe 7 TiAl	0,03−0,10	Not more than 0,50	Not more than 0,50	0,015	0,015	14,00−17,00	Not more than 0,50		Basis	Aluminum: of 1.10−1.35; iron: 5,00−9,00; niobium + tantalum: 0,70−1,20; Titan: 2,00−2,60
NiFe 25 Cr 20 NbTi	Not more than 0.10	No more than 1,00	No more than 1,00	0,030	0,015	18,00−21,00	-		Basis	Aluminium: 0,30−1,00; iron: 23,00−28,00; niobium + tantalum: 1.00 to 2.00; Titan: 1.00 to 2.00; boron: not more than 0,008
NiCr 20 TiAl	0,04−0,10	No more than 1,00	No more than 1,00	0,020	0,015	18,00−21,00	-		At least 65	Iron: no more than of 3.00; copper not more than 0.20; cobalt: maximum 2,00; boron: not more than 0,008; aluminium: 1,00−0,80; Titan: 1,80−2,70
Note — the Sign «-" means that the mass fraction of the element is not standardized and not controlled.

Table 2 — Limit deviations of the mass fraction of chemical elements in the finished steel products

Percentage

The callout for	Mass fraction of elements plavonia analysis, %	Maximum deviation from plotnogo analysis of finished products, %
With	To 0.20 incl.	±0,01
	SV. 0.20 to 0.60 incl.	±0,02
	SV. Of 0.60 to 0.90 incl.	±0,03
Si	To 1.00 incl.	±0,05
	SV. Of 1.00 to 3.30 incl.	±0,10
Mn	To 1.00 incl.	±0,03
	SV. 1.00 to 2.00 incl.	±0,04
	SV. Of 2.00 to 10.00 incl.	±0,06
R	To 0.040 incl.	±0,005
	SV. 0,040 to 0.050 incl.	±0,010
S	To 0,030 incl.	±0,005
N	To 0.60 incl.	±0,02
Cr	SV. Of 7.50 to 10.00 incl.	±0,10
	SV. 10.00 to 15.00 incl.	±0,15
	SV. Of 15.00 to 20.00 incl.	±0,20
	SV. Of 20.00 to 24.00 incl.	±0,25
Mo	To 1.75 incl.	±0,05
	SV. 1.75 to 2.50 incl.	±0,10
Ni	To 5.00 incl.	±0,07
	SV. Of 5.00 to 10.00 incl.	±0,10
	SV. 10,00 to 20,00 incl.	±0,15
Mb + TA	SV. Of 1.80 to 3.00 cyl.	±0,05
V	SV. 0.30 to 0.60 incl.	±0,03
W	To 1.50 incl.	±0,05
	SV. 1.50 to 5.00 incl.
Notes 1 By agreement between manufacturer and customer, the maximum deviations in chemical composition in the finished metal products from alloys NiCr 20 TiAl, NiFe 25 Cr 20 NbTi and NiCr 15 Fe 7 TiAl must be installed when ordering. 2 the Sign «±" means that the maximum deviation on one of the items in the ready to rent one of melting steel can only be below the lower limit or above the upper limit of the specified interval in the feeding trial, but not at the same time positive and negative.

Table 3 — Mechanical properties of heat-treated steel products in delivery condition

Mark steel (alloy)	Heat treatment in the state of delivery	Hardness, HB	Tensile strength, N/mm
		No more
Martensitic steel
8 X 50 CrSi 2	Softening annealing	300	-
	Quenching and tempering	Cm. table A. 1 (Appendix A)
X 45 CrSi 9 3	Softening annealing	300	-
	Quenching and tempering	Cm. table A. 1 (Appendix A)
CrMoV 18 X 85 2	Softening annealing	300	-
Austenitic steel
X 55 CrMnNiN 20 8	Controlled cooling	385	1300
	Quenching from a temperature of 1000 °C — 1100 °C	385	1300
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiN	Controlled cooling	385	1300
	Annealing with a temperature from 1000 °C — 1100 °C	385	1300
X 50 CrMnNiNbN 21 9	Controlled cooling	385	1300
	Quenching from a temperature of 1000 °C — 1100 °C	385	1300
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiNbN	Controlled cooling	385	1300
	Quenching from a temperature of 1000 °C — 1100 °C	385	1300
X 33 CrNiMnN 23 8	Controlled cooling	360	1250
	Quenching from a temperature of 1000 °C — 1100 °C	360	1200
Alloys based on Nickel
NiCr 15 Fe 7 TiAl	Quenching from a temperature of 930 °C — 1030 °C	325	1100
NiFe 25Cr 20 NbTi	Quenching from a temperature of 930 °C — 1030 °C	295	1000
NiCr 20 TiAl	Quenching from a temperature of 930 °C — 1030 °C	325	1100
In controversial cases, of metal of the austenitic steel the value of the temporary resistance is crucial. This mode of heat treatment applied to steel intended for the manufacture of valves by hot pressing. This mode of heat treatment applied to steel intended for the manufacture of valves the method of landing with a contact electric heating. Optional rules to this set of statistics. The result is entered into the document of quality. Note — the Sign «-" means that the tensile strength does not control and is not normalized.

7.5.3 Structure of steel products

7.5.3.1 the Macrostructure of steel products of valve steel (alloy) must not have any internal cracks, axial inhomogeneity or other discontinuities visible without the use of magnifying devices on the transverse polished templeto by etching. Control of macrostructure — GOST 10243. It is possible to use ultrasonic inspection (UT) according to the method of the manufacturer.

7.5.3.2 Norms and methods of control of macrostructure established by agreement between manufacturer and customer.

7.5.4 For bars subjected to grinding (Stripping) or sand (7.2.3), the maximum depth of defects shall not exceed the limit deviation for class h11 according to the standard [4].

7.5.5 For hot rolled round bars and wire rod requirements for surface quality according to the standard [5].

7.5.6 In other cases, quality requirements of the surface subject to order subject to application DB.

7.6 Dimensions and limit deviations for sizes

7.6.1 Dimensions of steel products and limit deviations should be agreed when ordering.

7.6.1.1 Dimensions and limit deviations of them must meet:

for hot-rolled bars — the standards [6] and [7];

for wire rod, according to the standard [8].

7.6.1.2 If none of the standards given in 7.6.1.1, cannot be applied, the dimensions and limit deviations should be agreed when ordering on the standards based on the application of DV.

7.7 Additional requirements for steel products

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* Name of item 7.7 in the original paper are shown in italics. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

By agreement between manufacturer and customer, the products are manufactured with additional requirements, which specify the order:

— for steel of grade 55 CrMnNiN 20 X 8 — with a mass fraction of silicon not more than 0.45 percent;

— for steel of grade X 53 CrMnNiN 21 9 with a mass fraction of silicon not more than 0,45%, with a mass fraction of nitrogen is 0.30%-0,50%;

— for steel grades CrMnNiNbN 53 X 21 and 9 X 21 9 50 CrMnNiNbN — with a mass fraction of nitrogen is 0.30%-0,50%.

8 testing

8.1 the correspondence between the test and control documents

8.1.1 For each delivery of steel products a list of the control documents specified in 8.6, can be set when ordering.

8.1.2 If the order agreed to provide the factory quality certificate, it must include the results of plotnogo of analysis for all chemicals for all types of steel and alloys.

8.1.3 If the order agreed to provide a certificate of acceptance testing, it should be tested at 8.2−8.5 and their results.

8.2 Number of tests

8.2.1 Mechanical test

8.2.1.1 the Test unit selected from products consisting of steel (alloy) one bottoms, one manufacture, one form of cross-section and nominal size, one mode of heat treatment.

Notes

1 To the vacuum arc melting and vacuum-induction melting followed by vacuum arc remelting of ingots are melted in the mold section, with identical electrical operation of the electrodes of the same melting.

2 To electroslag melting and vacuum-induction melting followed electroslag remelting ingots are smelted from a single source melting installations of the same type in the same conditions, in molds of the same cross-section, the flux of one party.

8.2.1.2 For the control of mechanical properties and hardness in delivery condition (table 3 andtable DD.2 and the DD.3, Annex DD), unless otherwise specified, of the subjects of the parties select one sample at 10 t as indicated in 8.2.1.1. Possible hardness control is carried out in a standard way, and not by transferring the values of temporary resistance in hardness values obtained by tensile tests.

8.2.2 Other tests

Conducting other tests in addition to tests specified in 8.2.1, and the certificate of acceptance tests should be agreed when ordered together with additions relating to tested unit and number of trials.

8.3 Preparation of samples and specimens for testing

8.3.1 Selection and preparation of samples for determining the chemical composition of the steel (alloy) — in accordance with standard [9].

When using the method of spectrographic determination of the chemical composition of the steel (alloy) is performed on the surface of the product. If necessary, the determination of chemical composition is carried out in evenly spaced locations on the cross section of products. The result of taking the arithmetic mean value.

Determination of the mass fraction of residual elements is allowed not to perform, unless otherwise specified in the order.

8.3.2 tensile Tests and hardness

8.3.2.1 Samples for tensile tests should be cut along the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, as shown in figure 1. General conditions of sampling and preparation of samples and samples in accordance with GOST R 53845.

Figure 1 — Location of fillet samples for longs

Figure 1 — Location of fillet samples for longs

8.3.2.2 hardness tests should be carried out on the transverse section of the samples against the direction of the axis of specimens intended for the tensile test.

8.3.3 Determination of grain size

Sampling and preparation of samples for determining the austenitic grain size in accordance with the standard [3].

8.4 test Methods

8.4.1 Chemical composition of steel (alloy) must be defined in accordance with one of the standards given in the standard [10] or post-it or according to national standards to ensure the required accuracy.

8.4.2 tensile Tests at a temperature of (20) °C shall be conducted in accordance with the standard [11].

8.4.3 hardness Brinell — in accordance with the standard [12], Rockwell — in accordance with standard [13].

8.4.4 Determination of austenitic grain size in accordance with the standard [3]. Unless otherwise specified, select the method listed in the standard [3] is provided to the manufacturer.

8.4.5 surface Quality test without the use of magnifying devices.

The differences depth of surface defects should be determined according to the standard [5] method on metallographic transverse sections. If you cannot determine the defects should be removed by zapilovku to determine the appropriate method.

8.5 Re-testing

Re-testing — in accordance with GOST 7566 or standard [1].

8.6 control Documents

In accordance with the standard [2] of control documents are the certificates of acceptance testing forms 3.1 or 3.2.

8.7 Grade valve steel according to the standard [14] that are not included in this standard are given in Appendix DG.

8.8 Additional requirements on the chemical composition of domestic brands of valve steels for internal combustion engines, the mechanical properties of metal from it and also the scheme of the symbol and example of designation of steel is given in Appendix DD.

9 Marking and packing

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* The words «and packing» in the name of the section 9 in the original paper are shown in italics. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

9.1 Marking shall be applied on a label securely attached to each of coils of wire or the bundle of rods, and shall contain:

— name or trademark of the manufacturer,

— grade of steel (alloy),

— melting number,

— the nominal size.

Additionally, it may be marked, which indicates the final surface treatment and/or weight of the rolls or bundles.

9.2 Marking on the label should remain clear even after a long stay of a coil or bundles outdoors.

9.3 For bars with a diameter of 30 mm or an equivalent area of the cross section, the manufacturer must ensure that one rod of the bunch was marked as the presenter. His face painted white and attached to it the label of the manufacturer and brand of material and number of melt, made by stamping (embossing stamp) or printed (rubber stamp), or using sticky tape.

For bars with a diameter of 30 mm and less than or equal the size of the cross sectional area of the second label indicating the manufacturer, steel grade and heat number.

9.4 the Products are Packed in bundles. Special conditions package agreed between manufacturer and customer.

10 Complaints

10.1 Complaints issued in accordance with the standard [1].

11 safety Requirements for metal products for radionuclides

_________________

* The name of the section 11 in the original paper are shown in italics. — Note the manufacturer’s database.

11.1 the Content of technogenic radionuclides in steel products, manufactured under this standard must not exceed the values specified in hygienic standards [15].

11.2 the results of monitoring radionuclides issue the relevant certificate.

Annex a (informative). Technical information on valve steels

Appendix A
(reference)

A. 1 Introduction

The requirements given in this standard are requirements of delivery.

The data specified in this Annex is not part of the requirements for the supply of [except as specified in table A. 1, footnote 3)]. Data are only data on heat treatment conditions and the corresponding behavior of various steels. They are not intended for use in the design, development, procurement, production and other purposes. Data is provided mainly for users to familiarize them with the actual properties of valve steels obtained in practice.

A. 2 Mechanical properties

A. 2.1 For the established heat treatment conditions (table A. 5) mechanical properties at room temperature are given in table A. 1.

A. 2.2 installed heat treatment regimes (table A. 5) the values of temporary resistance and yield strength at elevated temperatures are shown in tables A. 2 and A. 3, respectively.

A. 2.3 Values of creep strength after 1000 h of aging under load is given in table A. 4.

A. 2.3.1 currently, the international ISO standard for test method for creep. This standard should be used after its release, because testing for creep strongly depend on the conditions of the tests themselves.

A. 2.4 If necessary, testing of mechanical properties given in tables A. 1-A. 3, they are checked on thermally treated samples according to the relevant recommended regimes.

Mechanical testing temperature (20) °C should be carried out in accordance with 8.3.2, 8.4.2 and 8.4.3, at elevated temperatures in accordance with figure 1 and the standard [16].

A. 3 Physical properties of valve steels

Physical properties of valve steels (density, elastic modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, specific heat, magnetization) are given in table A. 6.

A. 4 post-processing and heat treatment

A. 4.1 Products listed in this standard, suitable for hot deformation. The basic rule is that the hot deformation becomes more difficult to implement with increasing alloying elements in steel (alloy) due to the lower yield strength of the material.

As a consequence it is necessary to avoid any sudden compression of the cross section for a single pass.

Prior to establishing the parameters of the heating before forging is necessary to consider the low thermal conductivity of austenitic alloys. Any temperature gradient in the valve alloys can cause substantial internal stresses during forging and forming as a result of internal delaminations and surface cracks.

Guide on temperature for hot deformation and heat treatment are given in table A. 5.

A. 4.2 machining

Machining is possible, but difficult due to the high strength, low degree of machinability and the ability to hardening of austenitic steels. At the same time to prevent cracking it is necessary to select the appropriate processing conditions.


Table A. 1 — Mechanical properties of steel (for diameters over 40 mm) at a temperature of (20) °C

Mark steel (alloy)	The basic mode of heat treatment(given in table A. 5)	Hardness		Yield strength , N/mm	Temporary resistance tion, in N/mm	Elongation () , %	Take tional contraction, %
		NV	HRC
Martensitic steel
8 X 50 CrSi 2	TQ + T	266−325	-	685	900−1100	14	40
X 45 CrSi 9 3	TQ + T	266−325	-	700	900−1100	14	40
CrMoV 18 X 85 2	TQ + T	296−355	-	800	1000−1200	7	12
Austenitic steel
X 55 CrMnNiN 20 8	ST + P	-	28	550	900−1150	8	10
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiN	ST + P	-	30	580	950−1200	8	10
X 50 CrMnNiNbN 21 9	ST + P	-	30	580	950−1150	12	15
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiNbN	ST + P	-	30	580	950−1150	8	10
X 33 CrNiMnN 23 8	ST + P	-	25	550	850−1100	20	30
Alloys based on Nickel
NiCr 15 Fe 7 TiAl	ST + P	-	32	750	1100−1300	12	20
NiFe 25 Cr 20 NbTi	ST + P	-	28	500	900−1100	25	30
NiCr 20 TiAl	ST + P	-	32	725	1100−1400	15	25
TQ — quenching, T — vacation, ST — heat treatment in solid solution, P — dispersion hardening. Values are limited to the lower limit. It is possible to use as supplied. In this case, the values should be used as the established requirements. For austenitic steels, since CrMnNiN 55 X 8 to 20 X 33 CrNiMnN 23 8, at impossibility of transfer of hardness values values of temporary resistance, the basis should be taken the values of temporary resistance in the event of a dispute. Note — the Sign «-" means that the information about the hardness Brinell and Rockwell missing.

Table A. 2 — Values of temporary resistance of steel at elevated temperatures

Mark steel (alloy)	The basic mode of heat treatment(given in table A. 5)	Tensile strength, N/mm, at a temperature of, °C
		500	550	600	650	700	750	800
Martensitic steel
8 X 50 CrSi 2	TQ + T	500	360	230	160	105	-	-
X 45 CrSi 9 3	TQ + T	500	360	250	170	110	-	-
CrMoV 18 X 85 2	TQ + T	550	400	300	230	180	140	-
45KH22N4M3	TQ+T	-	-	-	-	-	-	190
Austenitic steel
X 55 CrMnNiN 20 8	ST + P	640	590	540	490	440	360	290
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiN	ST + P	650	600	550	500	450	370	300
X 50 CrMnNiNbN 21 9	ST + P	680	650	610	550	480	410	340
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiNbN	ST + P	680	650	600	510	450	380	320
X 33 CrNiMnN 23 8	ST + P	600	570	530	470	400	340	280
55Х20Г9АН4М	TQ+T	-	-	-	-	-	-	250
Alloys based on Nickel
NiCr 15 Fe 7 TiAl	ST + P	1000	980	930	850	770	650	510
NiFe 25 Cr 20 NbTi	ST + P	800	800	790	740	640	500	340
NiCr 20 TiAl	ST + P	1050	1030	1000	930	820	680	500
TQ — quenching, T — vacation, ST — heat treatment in solid solution, P — dispersion hardening. Values are limited to the lower limit. Note — the Sign «-" means that the information on the temporary resistance is absent.

Table A. 3 — Values of the conditional yield strength at strain at 0.2% of steel products at elevated temperatures

Mark steel (alloy)	The basic mode of heat treatment(given in table A. 5)	Yield strengthat a strain of 0.2%, N/mm, at a temperature of, °C
		500	550	600	650	700	750	800
Martensitic steel
8 X 50 CrSi 2	TQ + T	400	300	220	110	75	-	-
X 45 CrSi 9 3	TQ + T	400	300	240	120	80	-	-
CrMoV 18 X 85 2	TQ + T	500	370	280	170	120	80	-
Austenitic steel
X 55 CrMnNiN 20 8	ST + P	300	280	250	230	220	200	170
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiN	ST + P	350	330	300	270	250	230	200
X 50 CrMnNiNbN 21 9	ST + P	350	330	310	285	260	240	220
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiNbN	ST + P	340	320	310	280	260	235	220
X 33 CrNiMnN 23 8	ST + P	270	250	220	210	190	180	170
Alloys based on Nickel
NiCr 15 Fe 7 TiAl	ST + P	725	710	690	660	650	560	425
NiFe 25 Cr 20 NbTi	ST + P	450	450	450	450	430	380	250
NiCr 20 TiAl	ST + P	700	650	650	600	600	500	450
TQ — quenching, T — vacation, ST — heat treatment in solid solution, P — dispersion hardening. Values are limited to the lower limit. Note — the Sign «-" means that information about the conditional yield strength at a strain of 0.2% at elevated temperatures is missing.

Table A. 4 — Values of creep strength after 1000 h of testing (basic heat treatment specified in table A. 5)

Mark steel (alloy)	The creep strengthafter 1000 h testing, N/mm, at a temperature of, °C
	500	650	725	800
Martensitic steel
8 X 50 CrSi 2	190	-	-	-
X 45 CrSi 9 3	190	40	-	-
CrMoV 18 X 85 2	260	52	18	-
Austenitic steel
X 55 CrMnNiN 20 8	-	160	85	45
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiN	-	200	110	50
X 50 CrMnNiNbN 21 9	-	220	120	55
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiNbN	-	215	115	50
X 33 CrNiMnN 23 8	-	285	130	60
Alloys based on Nickel
NiCr 15 Fe 7 TiAl	-	475	260	125
NiFe 25 Cr 20 NbTi	-	400	180	60
NiCr 20 TiAl	-	500	290	150
Indicative data, which continues to the present time. Note — the Sign «-" means that information on the creep strength is missing.

Table A. 5 — recommended heating temperature of metal in hot deformation and heat treatment of bars

Mark steel (alloy)	Recommended when the wind blows, the temperature of the heating for hot deformation, °C	Basic mode softening annealing:temperature, °C/cooling environment	Basic mode of heat treatment on the solid solution		Basic vacation mode or artificial aging:temperature, °C/time, h/cooler environment
			The quenching temperature or treatment on the solid solution, °C	Sukalac- tion environment
Martensitic steel
8 X 50 CrSi 2	900−1100	780−820/air or water	1000−1050	Oil	720−820/air or water
X 45 CrSi 9 3	900−1100	780−820/air or water	1000−1050	Oil	780−820/air or water
CrMoV 18 X 85 2	900−1100	820−860/slow cooling (e.g. furnace)	1050−1080	Oil	780−820/air
Austenitic steel
X 55 CrMnNiN 20 8	950−1100	-	1140−1180	Water	760−815/4−8/air
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiN	950−1150	-	1140−1180	Water	760−815/4−8/air
X 50 CrMnNiNbN 21 9	950−1150	-	1160−1200	Water	760−815/4−8/air
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiNbN	980−1150	-	1160−1200	Water	760−850/6/air
X 33 CrNiMnN 23 8	980−1150	-	1150−1170	Water	800−830/8/air
Alloys based on Nickel
NiCr 15 Fe 7 TiAl	940−1150	-	1100−1150	The air	840/24 + 700/2/air
NiFe 25 Cr 20 NbTi	1050−1150	-	1000−1180	Air or water	690−710/16/air
NiCr 20 TiAl	1050−1150	-	1000−1180	Air or water	690−710/16/air
The exposure time is chosen by the manufacturer.

Table A. 6 Physical properties of valve steels (basic mode of heat treatment specified in table A. 5)

Mark steel (alloy)	The raft- the sequence at the tempo- the temperatures of 20 °C, kg/DM	Modulus of elasticity in the tempo- the temperatures of 20 °C, kN/mm	The coefficient of thermal expansion at a temperature between 20 °C and				Halopro- the water content at 20 °C W/(m·K)	Specific heat capacity at temp- the temperatures of 20 °C, j/kg·K	Namani- value
			100 °C	300 °C	500 °C	700 °C
			10·
Martensitic steel
8 X 50 CrSi 2	7,7	210	10,9	11,2	11,5	11,8	21	500	There
X 45 CrSi 9 3	7,7	210	10,9	11,2	11,5	11,8	21	500	There
CrMoV 18 X 85 2	7,7	210	10,9	11,2	11,5	11,8	21	500	There
Austenitic steel
X 55 CrMnNiN 20 8	7,8	205	15,5	17,5	18,5	18,8	14,5	500	Does not exist
X 53 CrMnNiN2 1 9	7,8	205	15,5	17,5	18,5	18,8	14,5	500	Does not exist
X 50 CrMnNiNbN 21 9	7,8	205	15,5	17,5	18,5	18,8	14,5	500	Does not exist
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiNbN	7,8	205	15,5	17,5	18,5	18,8	14,5	500	Does not exist
X 33 CrNiMnN 23 8	7,8	205	16,5	17,1	17,3	17,4	14,5	500	Does not exist
Alloys based on Nickel
NiCr 15 Fe 7 TiAl	8,3	215	13,0	14,0	14,5	15,5	13	460	Does not exist
NiFe 25 Cr 20 NbTi	8,1	215	14,1	15,5	15,9	16,8	13	460	Does not exist
NiCr 20 TiAl	8,3	215	11,9	13,1	13,7	14,5	13	460	Does not exist
Austenitic stainless steels may be weakly magnetic after aging. Their magnetization can increase with increasing degree of cold deformation.

App YES (reference). Brand counterparts valve steel (alloy) according to GOST R 54909−2012, GOST 5632−72 and EN 10090:1998

App YES
(reference)

Table YES.1

GOST R 54909−2012	GOST 5632−72	YONG 10090:1998
Mark steel (alloy)	Mark steel (alloy)	Mark steel (alloy)
Martensitic steel
8 X 50 CrSi 2	40KH9S2	-
X 45 CrSi 9 3	40KH9S2	X 45 CrSi 9−3 (1.4718)
CrMoV 18 X 85 2	90Х18МФ	X 85 CrMoV 18−2 (1.4748)
Austenitic steel
X 55 CrMnNiN 20 8	55KH20G9AN4	X 55 CrMnNiN 20−8 (1.4875)
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiN	55KH20G9AN4	X 53 CrMnNiN 21−9 (1.4871)
X 50 CrMnNiNbN 21 9	55Х20Н4АГ9Б	X 50 CrMnNiNbN 21−9 (1.4882)
X 53 21 9 CrMnNiNbN	55Х20Н4АГ9Б	X 53 CrMnNiNbN 21−9 (1.4870)
X 33 CrNiMnN 23 8	-	X 33 CrNiMnN 23−8 (1.4866)
Alloys based on Nickel
NiCr 15 Fe 7 TiAl	ХН70ТЮ	-
NiFe 25 Cr 20 NbTi	-	NiFe 25 Cr 20 NbTi (2.4955)
NiCr 20 TiAl	HN77TYUR	NiCr 20 TiAl (2.4952)
Production of steel grade 90Х18М produced in the Russian Federation in the technical specifications. Note — the Sign «-" means no equivalent.

App DB (recommended). Requirements to the surface quality of steel products of steel valve

App DB
(recommended)

Table DB.1

The rental	Surface quality
Hot rods	According to GOST 5949
Bars with special surface finish	According to GOST 14955
Forgings	According to GOST 25054
Wire	According to GOST 18143

Application DV (recommended). Requirements for the range of steel products of steel valve

App DV
(recommended)

Table DV.1

The rental	Assortment
Hot rods	According to GOST 2590
Bars with special surface finish	According to GOST 14955
Forgings	By agreement between manufacturer and customer
Wire	According to GOST 18143

The application of DG (reference). Information about valve steel according to EN 10090

App DG
(reference)

DG.1 Introduction

Information about valve steel according to EN 10090, not included in this standard are for information only.

DG.2 Chemical composition

Requirements for the chemical composition analysis plavonia valve steel according to [14] are shown in table DG.1.


Table DG.1 — Chemical composition of valve steel according to EN 10090

Steel grade	Mass fraction of elements, %
	carbon	silicon	manganese	phosphorus	sulfur	nitrogen	chrome	Nickel	other
			no more
Martensitic steel
X 40 CrSiMo 10−2 (1.4731)	0,35−0,45	2,00−3,00	0,80	0,040	0,030	-	9,50−11,50	Not more than 0,50	Molybdenum: 0,80−1,30
Note — the Sign «-" means that the mass fraction of nitrogen is not a controlled or regulated.

DG.3 Mechanical properties

The mechanical properties of the valve steel products of steel in the delivery state shown in table DG.2.


Table DG.2 — Mechanical properties of the valve steel products of steel in the delivery state

Steel grade	The recommended heat treatment	Hardness HB	Tensile strength, N/mm
Martensitic steel
X 40 CrSiMo 10−2 (1.4731)	Softening annealing: heating to a temperature of 780 °C — 820 °C, air cooling or water	300	-
Note — the Sign «-" means that temporary resistance is not controlled and not standardized.

Annex DD (required). Additional requirements for the metal of the valve become established in international standards

App DD
(required)

These requirements are additional to the requirements of international standard ISO 683−15:1992 and given for underlying interstate standards establishing requirements in terms of the chemical composition of valve steels and methods for its control (GOST 5632, GOST 7565, 12344 GOST — GOST 12348,12350 GOST, GOST 12352, 12354 series GOST — GOST 12357, 12361 GOST, GOST 12363, 12364 GOST, GOST 17745, GOST 18895, GOST 28033), mechanical properties of steel products of steel valve (5582 GOST, GOST 5949, GOST 7350, GOST 14955, GOST 25054) and also other requirements.

DD.1 Chemical composition

DD.1.1 Chemical composition of the domestic valve steel must conform to the standards shown in table DD.1.


Table DD.1 — Chemical composition of domestic valve steel

Mark steel (alloy)	Mass fraction of elements, %
	carbon	silicon	manganese	phosphorus	sulfur	chrome		molybdenum	Nickel	other
				no more
Martensitic steel
30KH13N7S2	0,25−0,34	2,00−3,00	Not more than 0,80	0,030	0,025	12,00−14,00		-	6,00−7,50	Titanium: 0.20; copper: not more than 0.30
40KH10S2M	0,35−0,45	1,90−2,60	Not more than 0,80	0,027	0,025	9,00−10,50		0,70−0,90	-	Titanium: 0.20; copper: not more than 0.30
80Х20НС	0,70−0,80	1,25−1,75	0,40−0,70	0,035	0,030	19,00−21,00		-	1.00 to 2.00	Copper: not more than 0.30
Austenitic steel
45KH22N4M3	0,40−0,50	0,10−1,00	0,85−1,25	0,035	0,030		21,00−23,00	2,50−3,00	4,00−5,00	-
45KH14N14V2M	0,40−0,50	Not more than 0,80	Not more than 0.70	0,035	0,020		13,00−15,00	0,25−0,40	13,00−15,00	Tungsten: 2,00−2,80
55Х20Г9АН4М	0.50 to 0.60	No more than 0,45	8,00−10,00	0,040	0,030		20,00−22,00	0,50−1,00	3,50−4,50	Nitrogen: 0,30−0,60
Notes 1 Mass fraction of residual elements in accordance with GOST 5632. 2 Sign «-" means that the mass fraction of chemical elements is not controlled and not standardized.

DD.1.2 Limit deviations of chemical elements in the finished product from the norms plotnogo analysis are shown in table 2 of this standard.

DD.2 Hardness

DD.2.1 Hardness of steel products of domestic valve steel in delivery state is shown in table DD.2.


Table DD.2 — the Hardness of steel products of domestic valve steel in delivery condition

Mark steel (alloy)	Heat treatment in the state of delivery	Hardness HB
Martensitic steel
30KH13N7S2	Annealing or vacation	-
40KH10S2M	Annealing	269−197
80Х20НС	Annealing	No more 302
Austenitic steel
45Х22Н4МЗ	Annealing or normalizing	No more 302
45KH14N14V2M	Annealing	285−197
55Х20Г9АН4М	-	-
Metal products of steel grade 55Х20Г9АН4М supply without heat treatment.

DD.3 Mechanical properties

DD.3.1 Mechanical properties of steel products of steel valve domestic brands, determined on samples cut from the heat treated blanks must conform to the standards specified in table DD.3.


Table DD.3 — Mechanical properties of the valve steel products of steel domestic brands

Mark steel (alloy)	The basic mode of heat treatment of billets for the manufacture of samples	Yield strength, N/mm	Tensile strength, N/mm		Elongation , %		Regarding contraction, %
		not less than
Martensitic steel
30KH13N7S2	Quenching from a temperature of 1040 °C — 1060 °C, cooling in water, annealing at a temperature of 860 °C — 880 °C, cooling to a temperature of 700 °C for 2 hours, then furnace annealing at a temperature of 660 °C — 680 °C — 30 min, air cooling, tempering temperature of 790 ° — 810 °C, cooling in oil	785	1180		8		25
40KH10S2M	The quenching temperature of 1010 °C and 1050 °C, cooling in air or in oil, leave at a temperature of 720 °C and 780 °C, cooling in oil	735	930		10		35
80Х20НС	-	-	-		-		-
Austenitic steel
45Х22Н4МЗ	The quenching temperature 950 °C, air cooling, leave at a temperature of 780 °C — 800 °C for 10−20 h, air cooling	-	950	-		-
45KH14N14V2M	High tempering at the temperature of 810 ° — 830 °C, air cooling	315	710	20		35
55Х20Г9АН4М	Quenching from a temperature of 1180 °C, 1190 °C, cooling in water, tempering at a temperature of 760 °C — 780 °C for 2−16 h, air cooling	-	980	-		-
Notes 1 Norms of mechanical properties are samples taken from the steel products of diameter or thickness up to 60 mm For steel diameter and thickness over 60 mm to 100 mm is allowed to decrease elongation for 1 abs. %, over 100 mm to 150 mm — 3 abs. %. Properties of steel products with a diameter or a side of a square more than 100 mm is allowed to check on the samples, reforged or perinatalnyj in size from 80 to 100 mm. Norms of mechanical properties of samples in this case shall be as given in this table are based on the above assumptions. 2 Sign «-" means that the mechanical properties are not controlled and not standardized.

DD.4 the symbol of steel products

Scheme symbols of long and flat steel products of steel valve

Example of designation hot rolled round bar, the usual accuracy of rolling (N), length tolerance class (A), the normal curvature (A), with a diameter of 40 mm according to the standard [6], of steel grade Х45 CrSi 9 3, surface 3, heat-treated (I) according to GOST R 54909−2012:

Annex DE (informative). Comparison of the structure of this standard the structure applied in this international standard

App DE
(reference)

Table DE.1

The structure of this standard	The structure of the international standard ISO 683−15:1992
1 Scope	1 Scope
2 Normative references	2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions	3 Terms and definitions
4 Denote	-
5 Classification of steel	4 Classification of steel
6 checkout	5 checkout
7 Technical requirements	6 Technical requirements
7.1 Method of smelting	6.1 Method of smelting
7.2 Mode of heat treatment and final treatment of the surface with the supply of steel products	6.2 the Mode of heat treatment and surface quality at delivery
7.3 Chemical composition	6.3 Chemical composition
7.4 Mechanical properties	6.4 Mechanical properties
7.5 Internal structure and surface quality	6.5 Internal structure and surface quality
7.6 Dimensions and limit deviations for sizes	6.6 Dimensions and tolerances
7.7 Additional requirements for steel products	-
8 testing	7 testing
8.1 the correspondence between the test and control documents	7.1 a correspondence between the test and control documents
8.2 Number of tests	7.2 Number of tests
8.3 Preparation of samples and specimens for testing	7.3 Preparation of samples and specimens for testing
8.4 test Methods	7.4 test Methods
8.5 Re-testing	7.5 Re-testing
8.6 control Documents	7.6 the Document control
9 Marking and packing	8 Marking
10 Complaints	-
11 safety Requirements for metal products for radionuclides	-
Appendix a Technical information on valve steels	Appendix a Technical Supplement
App YES Brand counterparts valve steel (alloy) according to GOST R 54909−2012, GOST 5632−72 and EN 10090:1998	-
App DB requirements to the surface quality of steel products of steel valve	-
The application of DV requirements for the range of steel products of steel valve	-
The application of DG Data on valve steel according to EN 10090	-
App DD Additional requirements for the metal of the valve become established in international standards	-
App DE-Mapping of the structure of this standard the structure applied in this international standard	-
Bibliography	Bibliography
Drawings	Drawings
The illustration is placed directly after the text, which refers, or on the next page.

Bibliography

[1]	ISO 404:1992	Steel and steel billet. General technical delivery conditions
	(ISO 404:1992)	(Steel and steel products — General technical delivery requirements)*
_______________ * Official translation of this standard is the Federal information Fund of technical regulations and standards.
[2]	DEAN EH 10204:2005	Products metal. Types of inspection certificates. The German version of YONG
	(DIN EN 10204:2005)	(Metallic products — Types of inspection documents. German version EN)*
_______________ * Official translation of this standard is the Federal information Fund of technical regulations and standards.
[3]	ISO 643:2003	Steel. Micrographic determination of the size of austenitic grains
	(ISO 643:2003)	(Steels — Micrographic determination of the ferritic or austenitic grain size)*
_______________ * Official translation of this standard is the Federal information Fund of technical regulations and standards.
[4]	ISO 286−1:2010	Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes — Part 1: Basis of tolerances, deviations and fits
[5]	ISO 9443:1991	Heat-treatable and alloy steels — Surface quality classes for hot-rolled round bars and wire rods — Technical delivery conditions
[6]	ISO 1035−1:1980	Hot-rolled steel bars — Part 1: Dimensions of round bars
[7]	ISO 1035−4:1982	Hot-rolled steel bars — Part 4: Tolerances
[8]	ISO 16124:2004	Steel wire rod — Dimensions and tolerances
[9]	ISO 14284:1996	Steel and cast iron. Selection and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition
	(ISO 14284:1996)	(Steel and iron — Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition)*
_______________ * Official translation of this standard is the Federal information Fund of technical regulations and standards.
[10]	ISO/TR 9769:1991	Steel and iron — Review of available methods of analysis
[11]	ISO 6892−1:2009	The metal materials. The tensile test. Part 1. Test at room temperature
	(ISO 6892−1:2009)	(Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature)*
_______________ * Official translation of this standard is the Federal information Fund of technical regulations and standards.
[12]	ISO 6506−1:2005	The metal materials. Definition of hardness Brinell. Part 1. Test method
	(ISO 6506−1:2005)	(Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method)*
_______________ * Official translation of this standard is the Federal information Fund of technical regulations and standards.
[13]	ISO 6508−1:2005	The metal materials. Determination of Rockwell hardness. Part 1. Determination method (scales A, b, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T)
	(ISO 6508−1:2005)	[Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (scales A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-K-N-T)]*
_______________ * Official translation of this standard is the Federal information Fund of technical regulations and standards.
[14]	EH 10090:1998	Steels and alloys for the manufacture of valves of internal combustion engines
	(EN 10090:1998)	(Valve steels and alloys for internal combustion engines)*
_______________ * Official translation of this standard is the Federal information Fund of technical regulations and standards.
[15]	Hygienesanitary 2.6.1.2159−07	The content of technogenic radionuclides in metals
[16]	ISO 6892−2:2011	Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 2: Method of test at elevated temperature